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 1. Home/
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 3. Startup Investing: 10 Companies Founded During a Recession


STARTUP INVESTING: 10 COMPANIES FOUNDED DURING A RECESSION



Post on January 17, 2023 | in Blog




CONTENTS

1. Airbnb
2. Slack
3. Uber
4. Instagram
5. General Motors
6. Trader Joe’s
7. Microsoft
8. Block (Formerly Square)
9. Groupon
10. Venmo
Startup Investing with the Tax-Advantages of an IRA


Why is it that some of the most successful companies in the world were founded
during recessions? There’s a lot of speculation around this phenomenon, and it’s
likely due to a variety of factors. But one factor that has emerged is this:
Recessions often breed innovation(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab). 

In a recent blog, we discussed why startup investing is worth your
consideration. Here, we’ve highlighted 10 startups founded during recessions. 


1. AIRBNB

Founded: 2008

Looking to raise money to make rent, the founders(goes to new website)(opens in
a new tab) of Airbnb rented out air mattresses in their apartment during a
conference because all the hotels were booked. Airbnb(goes to new website)(opens
in a new tab) officially launched in March 2008 and quickly became an industry
disruptor. 

In August 2008, Airbnb(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) launched its
bespoke payments platform, which in 2019 processed about $70 billion in guest
and host transactions in over 40 currencies. Now, there are 6 million active
listings worldwide in 220+ countries and regions, with over 1 billion guest
arrivals since its inception. In addition, the mutual funds that invested in
Airbnb in 2014, prior to the company’s IPO years later, saw returns(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab) of 100–200%.


2. SLACK

Founded: 2009

Slack(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) may very well be a tool you use
daily to communicate with your coworkers. It is yet another company founded
(yep, you guessed it) during a recession, and it generated significant
returns(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) for VC investors (between
50–260%). Slack’s founder was originally working on an online game(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab) when he realized there wasn’t a collaboration tool
on the market that met game developers’ needs. Thus, the idea for Slack was
born. Within the first 24 hours on the market, Slack reached 8,000 companies,
and it quickly became the world’s fastest-growing enterprise software ever(goes
to new website)(opens in a new tab) and the fastest company in history to
achieve a billion-dollar valuation.

Today, nearly 80% of Fortune 100 companies(goes to new website)(opens in a new
tab) rely on the platform for instant communication. Whether the tool is
effective for productivity, we’ll save for another day. However, it certainly
makes work less boring(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) and brings
remote workers together in a way that other office chat solutions had not.


3. UBER

Founded: 2009

Another industry disruptor, Uber(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) was
created in 2009 after its founders couldn’t get a ride on a cold winter evening
in Paris. They thought, “What if you could request a ride from your phone?” 

In March 2009, the founders created(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) an
app to do just that. Three years later, Uber launched internationally and could
be used in the same place where its concept was born—Paris. 

The company expanded in 2015 to include Uber Eats, a food delivery service that
connects drivers to people who want to enjoy the best restaurants from the
comfort of their own homes. Today, Uber is focused on achieving
sustainability(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) and committed to
“becoming a fully electric, zero-emission platform by 2040, with 100% of rides
taking place in zero-emission vehicles.”


4. INSTAGRAM

Founded: 2010

Instagram(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) launched toward the end of
the Great Recession, in October 2010, and the photo-sharing app quickly became
one of the most popular apps in the world(goes to new website)(opens in a new
tab). Raking in 25,000 users on the first day, Instagram grew out of its
founder’s love of photography.

The owners of venture capital firm Andreessen Horowitz(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab) had early discussions with Instagram’s creator and
invested $250,000 in the company, which turned into a $100 million return,
though that number could have been much larger had they not favored Instagram’s
direct competitor at the time, Picplz.

In 2012, Mark Zuckerberg made a record-setting $1 billion bid to acquire
Instagram, ultimately becoming “one of the best tech acquisitions(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab) of all time, helping secure Facebook’s dominance in
social media for years to come.” 

Today the app has pivoted from a photo-based interface to one that prioritizes
videos and entertainment to compete with apps like TikTok, which have the
attention of Gen Z.


5. GENERAL MOTORS

Founded: 1908

The Panic of 1907(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) led to a recession,
which was the first global crisis of the 20th century. It was on the heels of
this recession that General Motors(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) was
founded. At the time, William Durant(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab)
was a well-established horse-drawn carriage manufacturer and initially resisted
the rising popularity of the automobile. In fact, the automobile industry was a
mess during the early years of the 20th century, with many manufacturers going
out of business before delivering completed vehicles after accepting down
payments. 

GM(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) produced a wide variety of vehicles,
unlike Ford, which made only one car and in its first two years acquired 30
companies. Fast forward to 2008, an emergency financial rescue plan was
developed to prevent the collapse of the U.S.’s struggling auto industry, which
would allow Chrysler, General Motors, and Ford to operate through March 2009. 

However, as the financial struggles continued, GM filed for Chapter 11
bankruptcy in June 2009. In November 2010, General Motors returned to the stock
market with “one of the largest IPOs in U.S. history,” and the following year
repossessed its title as the largest automaker in the world. GM has evolved with
the times. In 2022, GM sold 2.27 million vehicles in the U.S. GM is now pursuing
a vision(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) of zero crashes, zero
congestion, and zero emissions, and they’re committed to electric vehicles for
all.


6. TRADER JOE’S

Founded: 1967

Shopping at Trader Joe’s(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) is an
experience. From seasonal treats to a high-quality but affordable wine
selection, the popular grocery chain provides a unique shopping experience that
attracts health-conscious shoppers and those in search of a good deal. In 1967,
the first Trader Joe’s grocery store was introduced by Joe Coulombe (hence, the
Joe in Trader Joe’s). 

The store originated as a small chain of convenience stores called Pronto
Market. Struggling to stay afloat, Coulombe encountered a farmer with a unique
problem: He had an abundance of extra-large eggs(goes to new website)(opens in a
new tab) but not enough to sell to large supermarkets. So Coulombe made a deal
and sold the eggs for the same price as large eggs, even though they were 12%
bigger. 

The egg loophole became a core tenet of Trader Joe’s merchandising philosophy
and has continued through the years to save customers money. Today Trader Joe’s
is a grocery empire with 560 locations across the U.S. and has, along with a
growing number of companies, chosen to remain private since its founding.


7. MICROSOFT

Founded: 1975

1975 was a year marked by stagflation(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab),
a combination of high unemployment, high inflation, and stagnant demand. Bill
Gates and Paul Allen were childhood friends turned computer programmers who
created software for a rudimentary version of the personal computer called the
Altair 8800(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab). 

Together they launched Microsoft (short for microprocessors and software). At
the time, personal computers weren’t readily accessible to the average consumer,
and most Americans still used typewriters. 

By the end of the 1980s, Microsoft(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) had
become the world’s largest personal computer software company based on sales.
Unlike many companies pre-IPO, Microsoft only took a single investment, and not
because they needed the money. Rather, they wanted to get an experienced venture
capital(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) company on their board to give
them “adult advice.” Microsoft never used the money and remained private for 11
years, which is notable considering the prior median amount of time for a
software company to go public was 7.4 years. 

In the process, Microsoft completely revolutionized the technology industry and
paved the way for everyday consumers to be able to sit down at their very own
personal computers. 


8. BLOCK (FORMERLY SQUARE)

Founded: 2009

In the beginning, Block’s main product(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab)
was a little white box meant to be connected to a mobile device and used as a
simple credit card reader. It replaced bulky registers and created ease of
access for business owners and consumers. 

Block got its start in 2009, in the midst of the fallout caused by the 2008
financial crisis, and its stock has grown 900% since its IPO. Jack Dorsey, the
co-creator of Twitter and founder of Block, penned a tongue-in-cheek list(goes
to new website)(opens in a new tab) of 140 reasons his new idea for an
easy-to-use card reader would fail and distributed it to prospective investors.

Of course, he had counterarguments to all of these objections and won the
respect of the market, including high-profile investors like Sir Richard
Branson(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab). Block has led the way in
creating easy-to-use payment solutions, and if you go to your local coffee shop,
you’ll likely experience that firsthand. 

But Block(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) has done far more than
replace cash registers. The company is now creating holistic solutions for
business owners who want to manage not only sales, but staff, inventory,
budgets, and more. In fact, Square changed its name to Block(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab) in 2021 to reflect a desire to expand beyond its
original credit card reader business into technologies such as blockchain. 


9. GROUPON

Founded: 2008

Groupon(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab), a digital coupon provider,
connects consumers and businesses with each other and provides daily deals,
coupons, and fun activities at a discount. 

Groupon’s founder was completing a public policy degree at the University of
Chicago when his schooling was interrupted by a $1 million investment offer to
create The Point(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab), a tool to improve the
online fundraising process. He left school for this venture, however, it wasn’t
long until The Point began to fail. 

The founder’s business partner even tried buying the phrase “make weed legal” to
boost Google traffic but to no avail. One aspect of the failing platform that
worked, however, was group deals, and disheartened investors encouraged him to
tap into that. So, he started blogging those deals and called it “Get your
Groupon.com.” 

Against the backdrop of one of the worst financial downturns in U.S. history,
the idea took off and was ultimately turned into a website and app. Today,
institutional investors own the majority of Groupon’s issued stock(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab), and the digital coupon giant has saved people over
$1.3 billion and currently has over 30 million subscribers in North America
alone.


10. VENMO

Founded: 2009 

Venmo(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) was started by two
entrepreneurial friends who were randomly paired as roommates at the University
of Pennsylvania in 2001. One fateful weekend, one left his wallet at home,
leaving the other to cover him all weekend, ultimately squaring up with a check.
They wondered “Why are we still doing this? We do everything else with our
phones.” In this case, their inconvenience led to world-changing innovation, and
Venmo(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab) was created. 

In later iterations of the Venmo product, the founders added a social component
by allowing users to see how their friends were spending their money. That
turned out to be a very wise decision, and Venmo’s prevalence has been pervasive
in the culture. “I’ll Venmo you,” is a phrase widely used today, and the app
currently has more than 83 million(goes to new website)(opens in a new tab)
active users. Venmo was purchased by PayPal in 2013 and quickly became one of
the shining stars in PayPal’s portfolio(goes to new website)(opens in a new
tab), according to its CEO Dan Schulman, who says he’s okay if Millennials don’t
know PayPal owns Venmo.


STARTUP INVESTING WITH THE TAX-ADVANTAGES OF AN IRA

Since the Federal Reserve is expected to continue raising interest rates in
2023, many, including Yieldstreet founder Michael Weisz(goes to new
website)(opens in a new tab), are urging investors to consider alternative
assets like private equity, private credit, and real estate in 2023.

While investing in alternatives was once reserved for the ultra-wealthy, today,
startup investing is accessible to both accredited and non-accredited investors
alike. With a self-directed traditional or Roth IRA from Alto, you too can
invest in startups tax-deferred or tax-free. 

Check out our list of investment partners to learn more about some of the
startup investing options available to you with an Alto IRA.


POST TAGS

alternative investments, investing


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Page 1 of 3
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CONTENTS

1. Airbnb
2. Slack
3. Uber
4. Instagram
5. General Motors
6. Trader Joe’s
7. Microsoft
8. Block (Formerly Square)
9. Groupon
10. Venmo
Startup Investing with the Tax-Advantages of an IRA



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