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						 As embedded devices become connected devices, cloud native development practices challenge traditional development models. Prioritizing application portability over hardware-dependent code has become...
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                  <h1 class="name">Project Cassini brings Parsec and PSA Certified together for scalable and cost-effective security solutions at the Edge</h1>
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                  <div class="content-date">
                    <time datetime="2022-03-12T01:30:00.000Z">March 12, 2022</time>
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                    <p><span>As the number of connected IoT devices continues to grow, so too does the need to process the volumes of data that they generate in a way that is secure, scalable and cost-effective. We can realise a significant
                        efficiency benefit by processing data locally at the edge, allowing us to gain insights from the data without transmitting all of it to the cloud. This pressure is driving more and more compute workloads away from the cloud
                        and bringing them to the edge.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span></span><span>The successful execution of rich workloads at the edge requires two things. Firstly, we must be able to deploy them fluently at scale, which means using tools and techniques that are cloud native, treating
                        the edge as an elastic computing resource.&nbsp; Secondly, we must be able to deploy them securely, with robust protection against the additional threats that challenge the edge computing environment.</span><span>&nbsp;</span>
                    </p>
                    <p><span>A secure, cloud-native experience for the deployment of workloads at the edge is the goal of
                      </span><a href="https://www.arm.com/solutions/infrastructure/edge-computing/project-cassini"><span>Project Cassini</span></a><span>, which brings together a variety of open, collaborative and standards-based initiatives to
                        deliver a cohesive development experience at the edge, allowing customers to deploy their edge workloads securely and at scale.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span></span><span>In this blog, we will focus on two components of the Cassini story: <a href="https://www.psacertified.org/">PSA Certified</a> (previously known as
                        the&nbsp;</span><a href="https://www.psacertified.org/"><span>Platform Security Architecture/PSA</span></a>)<span> and </span><a href="https://parsec.community/"><span>Parsec</span></a><span>. We will see how these two
                        initiatives are now combining to provide a truly cloud-native developer experience with hardware-backed security.</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span>Security begins with a Hardware Root of Trust (HRoT), which not only provides secure boot and secure firmware update for the device, but it also provides a hardware isolation boundary for the management of secrets such as
                        signing or encryption keys, ensuring that these cannot be exfiltrated, even on a compromised device. There are different ways to achieve an HRoT. One option is to use a discrete hardware secure element, such as a Trusted
                        Platform Module (TPM), but this can add complexity and cost into the overall design of a device. </span></p>
                    <p><span>When we are building PSA Certified platforms based on Arm Cortex-A processors, then there is an alternative option: the <a href="https://www.psacertified.org/blog/what-is-a-root-of-trust/">PSA Root of Trust (PSA-RoT)</a>.
                        PSA-RoT makes use of </span><a href="https://www.arm.com/technologies/trustzone-for-cortex-a"><span>TrustZone</span></a><span>, the hardware-enforced isolation boundary that is already built into the CPU, meaning that there
                        may not be a need for additional hardware components beyond the processor itself.&nbsp; In cases where an additional secure element is warranted, it can be accessed from within the isolated secure world that TrustZone
                        provides, allowing for a flexible and layered approach to the design of the PSA-RoT.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span>TrustZone means that we can implement the RoT as a set of services running within the secure world of the processor, also known as a Trusted Execution Environment (TEE), supported by a secure-world operating system such
                        as OP-TEE. The </span><a href="https://www.trustedfirmware.org/projects/trusted-services/"><span>Trusted Services</span></a><span> project (part of
                      </span><a href="https://www.trustedfirmware.org/"><span>Trusted Firmware</span></a><span>) provides a set of reference designs for secure storage, cryptography and attestation, which meet the PSA Certified requirements. Each of
                        these services runs within a secure partition inside the TEE and exposes standard
                        <a href="https://www.psacertified.org/development-resources/building-in-security/specifications-implementations/#functional-apis">PSA Functional APIs</a> that can be accessed from the normal world using a set of interfaces
                        that are collectively known as the
                      </span><a href="https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0077/latest"><span>Firmware Framework-A</span></a><span><a href="https://developer.arm.com/documentation/den0077/latest"> (FF-A)</a>.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span>The architecture of Trusted Services is summarized in the figure below.</span><span>&nbsp;</span></p>
                    <p><span><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; cursor: zoom-in;" alt=" "
                          src="/resized-image/__size/1265x0/__key/communityserver-blogs-components-weblogfiles/00-00-00-21-12/Trusted-Services-Architecture.png"></span></p>
                    <p><span>Regardless of how the RoT has been implemented, we need a way to make its facilities available to the rest of system, including applications that are running in the normal world, supported by a rich operating system such
                        as Linux.</span></p>
                    <p><span>For a cloud-native developer experience, we want our access to these facilities to be decoupled from the low-level platform hardware details. We want our code to be portable across the variety of platforms that we find at
                        the edge. We also want to be able to develop in high-level programming languages.</span></p>
                    <p><span>Project Cassini’s answer to this is to use Parsec.</span></p>
                    <p><span>Parsec is a public open-source project that is part of the Cloud-Native Compute Foundation (CNCF). Its aim is to provide simple and portable software interfaces for hardware security features, on any platform and in any
                        programming language.</span></p>
                    <p><span><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; cursor: zoom-in;" alt=" "
                          src="/resized-image/__size/1265x0/__key/communityserver-blogs-components-weblogfiles/00-00-00-21-12/Parsec-overview.png"><br></span></p>
                    <p><span></span><span>Integrating hardware security features into software has historically been a difficult and highly specialized activity. This would traditionally have been the province of privileged system-level components,
                        normally coded in C, and consuming low-level cryptography management APIs such as PKCS#11 or TPM 2.0, which are notoriously hard to use.</span></p>
                    <p><span>Parsec evolves this story for the cloud-native edge by making hardware security facilities accessible to any client workload that needs them, using APIs that are easy to understand and hard to get wrong. What’s more,
                        these APIs can be made available not just in C, but in any of the higher-level programming languages that we tend to find in popular use for cloud-native workloads, including Go, Java and Rust.</span></p>
                    <p><span>So, Trusted Services provide hardware-backed security facilities from right within the CPU, and Parsec provides a convenient and portable way to consume them into high-level applications. While both components are useful
                        on their own, the real Cassini vision is best realized&nbsp;by combining them together!</span></p>
                    <p><span>Now the good news is that Parsec has already been integrated with Trusted Services via one of its pluggable back-end provider modules. This does the heavy lifting of calling the PSA Functional APIs through the FF-A layers
                        for you, leaving you with a simplified and portable API that you can consume in any of Parsec’s supported programming languages.</span></p>
                    <p><span>And, because it’s Parsec, any client code making use of these services would also work equally well on platforms where the RoT is based on another technology such as a discrete TPM or secure element. Parsec truly
                        decouples the workload from the platform, which is one of the reasons why Project Cassini adopts Parsec as part of the cloud-native developer experience at the edge.</span></p>
                    <p><span><img style="display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; cursor: zoom-in;" alt=" "
                          src="/resized-image/__size/1265x0/__key/communityserver-blogs-components-weblogfiles/00-00-00-21-12/Parsec-API-Driven-Integrations.png"></span></p>
                    <p><span>The even better news is that this whole solution is being made available in Yocto recipe layers, making it straightforward to assemble custom embedded Linux distributions that bring Parsec together with the Trusted
                        Services on PSA Certified platforms. Look out for the forthcoming solution brief where we will be providing more details about this.</span></p>
                    <p style="text-align:center;"><span><a href="https://www.parsec.community/" target="_blank" class="button cta green" style="">Learn more about Parsec</a></span></p>
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                            <a href="https://community.arm.com/arm-community-blogs/b/tools-software-ides-blog/posts/llvm-14">LLVM 14 - what's new and improved for Arm</a>
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                            <div class="post-summary"> In this blog, we summarized all the available Keil tools to help you choose the best option whether you are a maker, student or a professional. </div>
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Related forum threads





PROJECT CASSINI BRINGS PARSEC AND PSA CERTIFIED TOGETHER FOR SCALABLE AND
COST-EFFECTIVE SECURITY SOLUTIONS AT THE EDGE





Paul Howard
March 12, 2022



As the number of connected IoT devices continues to grow, so too does the need
to process the volumes of data that they generate in a way that is secure,
scalable and cost-effective. We can realise a significant efficiency benefit by
processing data locally at the edge, allowing us to gain insights from the data
without transmitting all of it to the cloud. This pressure is driving more and
more compute workloads away from the cloud and bringing them to the edge. 

The successful execution of rich workloads at the edge requires two things.
Firstly, we must be able to deploy them fluently at scale, which means using
tools and techniques that are cloud native, treating the edge as an elastic
computing resource.  Secondly, we must be able to deploy them securely, with
robust protection against the additional threats that challenge the edge
computing environment. 

A secure, cloud-native experience for the deployment of workloads at the edge is
the goal of Project Cassini, which brings together a variety of open,
collaborative and standards-based initiatives to deliver a cohesive development
experience at the edge, allowing customers to deploy their edge workloads
securely and at scale. 

In this blog, we will focus on two components of the Cassini story: PSA
Certified (previously known as the Platform Security Architecture/PSA) and
Parsec. We will see how these two initiatives are now combining to provide a
truly cloud-native developer experience with hardware-backed security.  

Security begins with a Hardware Root of Trust (HRoT), which not only provides
secure boot and secure firmware update for the device, but it also provides a
hardware isolation boundary for the management of secrets such as signing or
encryption keys, ensuring that these cannot be exfiltrated, even on a
compromised device. There are different ways to achieve an HRoT. One option is
to use a discrete hardware secure element, such as a Trusted Platform Module
(TPM), but this can add complexity and cost into the overall design of a device.

When we are building PSA Certified platforms based on Arm Cortex-A processors,
then there is an alternative option: the PSA Root of Trust (PSA-RoT). PSA-RoT
makes use of TrustZone, the hardware-enforced isolation boundary that is already
built into the CPU, meaning that there may not be a need for additional hardware
components beyond the processor itself.  In cases where an additional secure
element is warranted, it can be accessed from within the isolated secure world
that TrustZone provides, allowing for a flexible and layered approach to the
design of the PSA-RoT. 

TrustZone means that we can implement the RoT as a set of services running
within the secure world of the processor, also known as a Trusted Execution
Environment (TEE), supported by a secure-world operating system such as OP-TEE.
The Trusted Services project (part of Trusted Firmware) provides a set of
reference designs for secure storage, cryptography and attestation, which meet
the PSA Certified requirements. Each of these services runs within a secure
partition inside the TEE and exposes standard PSA Functional APIs that can be
accessed from the normal world using a set of interfaces that are collectively
known as the Firmware Framework-A (FF-A). 

The architecture of Trusted Services is summarized in the figure below. 



Regardless of how the RoT has been implemented, we need a way to make its
facilities available to the rest of system, including applications that are
running in the normal world, supported by a rich operating system such as Linux.

For a cloud-native developer experience, we want our access to these facilities
to be decoupled from the low-level platform hardware details. We want our code
to be portable across the variety of platforms that we find at the edge. We also
want to be able to develop in high-level programming languages.

Project Cassini’s answer to this is to use Parsec.

Parsec is a public open-source project that is part of the Cloud-Native Compute
Foundation (CNCF). Its aim is to provide simple and portable software interfaces
for hardware security features, on any platform and in any programming language.




Integrating hardware security features into software has historically been a
difficult and highly specialized activity. This would traditionally have been
the province of privileged system-level components, normally coded in C, and
consuming low-level cryptography management APIs such as PKCS#11 or TPM 2.0,
which are notoriously hard to use.

Parsec evolves this story for the cloud-native edge by making hardware security
facilities accessible to any client workload that needs them, using APIs that
are easy to understand and hard to get wrong. What’s more, these APIs can be
made available not just in C, but in any of the higher-level programming
languages that we tend to find in popular use for cloud-native workloads,
including Go, Java and Rust.

So, Trusted Services provide hardware-backed security facilities from right
within the CPU, and Parsec provides a convenient and portable way to consume
them into high-level applications. While both components are useful on their
own, the real Cassini vision is best realized by combining them together!

Now the good news is that Parsec has already been integrated with Trusted
Services via one of its pluggable back-end provider modules. This does the heavy
lifting of calling the PSA Functional APIs through the FF-A layers for you,
leaving you with a simplified and portable API that you can consume in any of
Parsec’s supported programming languages.

And, because it’s Parsec, any client code making use of these services would
also work equally well on platforms where the RoT is based on another technology
such as a discrete TPM or secure element. Parsec truly decouples the workload
from the platform, which is one of the reasons why Project Cassini adopts Parsec
as part of the cloud-native developer experience at the edge.



The even better news is that this whole solution is being made available in
Yocto recipe layers, making it straightforward to assemble custom embedded Linux
distributions that bring Parsec together with the Trusted Services on PSA
Certified platforms. Look out for the forthcoming solution brief where we will
be providing more details about this.

Learn more about Parsec



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Tools, Software and IDEs blog


 * LLVM 14 - WHAT'S NEW AND IMPROVED FOR ARM
   
   
   Will Lovett
   This blog post outlines all of the new features and improvements for LLVM 14.
    * March 30, 2022


 * PROJECT CASSINI BRINGS PARSEC AND PSA CERTIFIED TOGETHER FOR SCALABLE AND
   COST-EFFECTIVE SECURITY SOLUTIONS AT THE EDGE
   
   
   Paul Howard
   Project Cassini leverages Platform Security Architecture (PSA) and Parsec as
   two security initiatives combinined to provide a truly cloud-native developer
   experience with hardware-backed security.
    * March 12, 2022


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