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Submitted URL: http://www.lsuhsc.edu/newsroom/LSU%20Health%20New%20Orleans%20Study%20Identifies%20a%20Potential%20New%20Approach%20to...
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LSU HEALTH NEW ORLEANS STUDY IDENTIFIES A POTENTIAL NEW APPROACH TO PTSD
TREATMENT

September 13, 2023





An LSU Health New Orleans research study led by Siqiong June Liu, PhD, Professor
of Cell Biology and Anatomy, has found that cerebellar inhibitory interneurons
are essential for fear memory, a type of emotional memory formation. Inhibitory
interneurons within the cerebellar circuitry act as gatekeepers and control the
output of the cerebellar cortex. The formation of fear memory requires the
activity of these interneurons. The findings, which may lead to a novel
treatment approach for post-traumatic stress disorder, are published in Cell
Reports, available here.

“While synaptic plasticity is considered the basis of learning and memory,
modifications of the intrinsic excitability of neurons can amplify the output of
neuronal circuits and consequently change behavior,” notes Dr. Liu. “In the
cerebellum, we find that silencing molecular layer interneurons completely
abolishes fear memory, revealing their critical role in memory consolidation.”

The cerebellum is a brain region that is known to control motor coordination.
Recent work has shown that it is also critical for the formation of memory, but
not how the cerebellar circuitry accomplishes this function.

The research team found that fear conditioning suppresses
hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels and enhances
cerebellar interneuron excitability. HCN currents are similar to pacemakers in
the brain because they help regulate rhythmic activity and communication between
brain cells. HCN loss is driven by a learning-induced decrease in
endocannabinoid levels. When the activity of these neurons is suppressed,
experimental animals do not remember the experience a few hours after learning.

“Our study reveals that activity in cerebellar interneurons drives fear memory
formation via a learning-specific increase in intrinsic excitability,” Liu
concludes. “This highlights the importance of moving beyond traditional synaptic
plasticity-focused investigations of memory formation and suggests a novel
therapeutic approach for the treatment of PTSD.”

LSU Health New Orleans co-authors of the paper include Drs. Kathryn Lynn
Carzoli, Georgios Kogias and Jessica Fawcett-Patel. Drs. Liu, Kogias and
Fawcett-Patel are also affiliated with the Southeast Louisiana VA Healthcare
System, New Orleans.

The research was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health, The
Brown Foundation and the Department of Veterans Affairs.

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________
LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans (LSU Health New Orleans) educates
Louisiana's health care professionals. The state's health sciences university
leader, LSU Health New Orleans includes a School of Medicine with campuses in
Baton Rouge and Lafayette, the state's only School of Dentistry, Louisiana's
only public School of Public Health, and Schools of Allied Health Professions,
Nursing, and Graduate Studies. LSU Health New Orleans faculty take care of
patients in public and private hospitals and clinics throughout the region. In
the vanguard of biosciences research, the LSU Health New Orleans research
enterprise generates jobs and enormous annual economic impact. LSU Health New
Orleans faculty have made lifesaving discoveries and continue to work to
prevent, advance treatment or cure disease. To learn more, visit
http://www.lsuhsc.edu, http://www.twitter.com/LSUHealthNO, or
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