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SCIENTISTS FIND CLUES TO WHAT TRIGGERS RARE BLOOD CLOTS IN ASTRAZENECA
CORONAVIRUS VACCINE


Syringes on a production line at a factory in South Korea on Feb. 22. (SeongJoon
Cho/Bloomberg News)
By Ellen Francis
Today at 8:40 a.m. EST|Updated today at 10:32 a.m. EST
By Ellen Francis
Today at 8:40 a.m. EST|Updated today at 10:32 a.m. EST
Share this story

LONDON — Scientists say they have identified clues to what triggered blood clots
in rare cases of people who took AstraZeneca’s coronavirus vaccine.

The very rare but sometimes deadly clots led to pauses in the vaccine’s rollout
early this year in Europe, and had public health experts worried it could fuel
hesitancy, even as they stressed that the benefits of the vaccine far outweighed
any risks.

FAQ: What to know about the omicron variant of the coronavirusArrowRight

The vaccine, developed in collaboration with the University of Oxford and widely
used in European countries and others such as Canada and India, has not been
approved in the United States. The United States did pause use of the Johnson &
Johnson vaccine, after a handful of blood clot cases were reported among the
millions of people who received those shots, but lifted it after a safety
review.

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The blood clot cases reported after some Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine injections
have divided regulators over how and whether to administer them, with France,
Britain and Canada limiting use of the shot in younger people, while Denmark and
Norway stopped administering it altogether. Scientists have said an antibody
response may have triggered the clotting in some cases, with one researcher in
Germany likening the search to “looking for the needle in the haystack.”

What you need to know about AstraZeneca’s coronavirus vaccine

In a new study published Wednesday in the Science Advances journal, researchers,
including some at Cardiff University and Arizona State University, say they have
found that a protein in the blood, “platelet factor 4,” can bind to a key
element of the AstraZeneca vaccine, potentially triggering a reaction with
antibodies attacking the protein. However, questions remain over whether the
binding is a direct cause of the blood clots.

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A statement from AstraZeneca, whose scientists joined the research, said the
“preclinical research further advances our knowledge about the potential
mechanisms underlying the extremely rare condition … which is treatable for the
majority of people.”

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The pharmaceutical company based in England said the full reasoning behind why
the clotting condition happens still needs to be determined, and noted that
coronavirus infections were more likely to cause clotting than the vaccine.
“Although the research is not definitive, it offers interesting insights, and
AstraZeneca is exploring ways to leverage these findings as part of our efforts
to remove this extremely rare side effect.”

AstraZeneca's coronavirus vaccine plausibly linked to rare brain clots, European
regulators say


Britain's Prince Charles formally opened a new $1 billion AstraZeneca research
and development facility in Cambridge, England, on Nov. 23. (Reuters)

The condition has been linked to 73 deaths out of nearly 50 million doses
administered in the United Kingdom, according to a British government agency,
which notes that blood clots have also been reported with coronavirus
infections. “This compares with the clear demonstrable benefits from the
covid-19 vaccination” program, which has helped prevent more than 80,000 deaths,
the UK Health Security Agency said.



One of the authors of the latest study, Alan Parker, acknowledged that more
research was needed.

“We’ve been able to prove the link between the key smoking guns of adenoviruses
and platelet factor four. What we have is the trigger, but there’s a lot of
steps that have to happen next,” Parker, a professor at Cardiff University, told
the BBC.


CORONAVIRUS: WHAT YOU NEED TO READ

Coronavirus maps: Cases and deaths in the U.S. | Cases and deaths worldwide

Vaccines: Tracker by state | Booster shots | For kids 5 to 11 | Guidance for
vaccinated people | How long does immunity last? | County-level vaccine data

Do you think you’re experiencing long-haul covid symptoms? Share your experience
with The Post.

What you need to know: Omicron variant | Masks FAQ | Delta variant | Other
variants | Symptoms guide | Follow all of our coverage and sign up for our free
newsletter

Impact of the pandemic: Supply chain | Education | Housing

Got a pandemic question? We answer one every day in our coronavirus newsletter


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