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Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > L > First Council of Lyons (1245)


FIRST COUNCIL OF LYONS (1245)

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Innocent IV, threatened by Emperor Frederick II, arrived at Lyons 2 December,
1244, and early in 1245 summoned the bishops and princes to the council. The
chronicle of St. Peter of Erfurt states that two hundred and fifty prelates
responded; the annalist Mencon speaks of three patriarchs, three hundred
bishops, and numerous prelates. The Abbé Martin without deciding between these
figures has succeeded in recovering to a certainty the names of one hundred
assistants, prelates or lords, of whom thirty-eight were from France, thirty
from Italy, eleven from Germany or the countries of the North, eight from
England, five from Spain, five from the Latin Orient. Baldwin II, Latin Emperor
of Constantinople, Raymond VII, Count of Toulouse, Raymond Bérenger IV, Count of
Provence, Albert Rezats, Latin Patriarch of Antioch, Berthold, Patriarch of
Aquileia, Nicholas, Latin Patriarch of Constantinople, came to the council,
which opened 28 June at St-Jean. After the "Veni Creator" and the litanies,
Innocent IV preached his famous sermon on the five wounds of the Church from the
text "Secundum multitudinem dolorum meorum in corde meo, consolationes tuae
laetificaverunt animam meam". He enumerated his five sorrows: (1) the bad
conduct of prelates and faithful; (2) the insolence of the Saracens; (3) the
Greek Schism; (4) the cruelties of the Tatars in Hungary; (5) the persecution of
the Emperor Frederick; and he caused to be read the privilege granted to Pope
Honorious III by Frederick when the latter was as yet only King of the Romans.
Thaddeus of Suessa, Frederick's ambassador, arose, attempted to make excuses for
the emperor, and cited numerous plots against the emperor which, he said, had
been instigated by the Church. On 29 June at the request of the procurators of
the Kings of France and England, Innocent IV granted Thaddeus a delay of ten
days for the arrival of the emperor.



At the second session (July 5) the bishop of Calvi and a Spanish archbishop
attacked the emperor's manner of life and his plots against the Church; again
Thaddeus spoke on his behalf and asked a delay for his arrival. Despite the
advice of numerous prelates Innocent (9 July) decided to postpone the third
session until the seventeenth. On the seventeenth Frederick had not come.
Baldwin II, Raymond VII, and Berthold, Patriarch of Aquileia, interceded in vain
for him; Thaddeus in his master's name appealed to a future pope and a more
general council; Innocent pronounced the deposition of Frederick, caused it to
be signed by one hundred and fifty bishops and charged the Dominicans and
Franciscans with its publication everywhere. But the pope lacked the material
means to execute this decree; the Count of Savoy refused to allow an army sent
by the pope against the emperor to pass through his territory, and for a time it
was feared that Frederick would attack Innocent at Lyons. The Council of Lyons
took several other purely religious measures; it obliged the Cistercians to pay
tithes, approved the Rule of the Order of Grandmont, decided the institution of
the octave of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin, prescribed that henceforth
cardinals should wear a red hat, and lastly prepared thirty-eight constitutions
which were later inserted by Boniface VIII in his Decretals, the most important
of which, received with protests by the envoys of the English clergy, decreed a
levy of a twentieth on every benefice for three years for the relief of the Holy
Land (Constitution "Afflicti corde") and a levy for the benefit of the Latin
Empire of Constantinople of half the revenue of benefices whose titulars did not
reside therein for at least six months of the year (Constitution "Arduis mens
occupata negotiis").




SOURCES

MARTIN, "Bullaire et Conciles de Lyon" (Lyon, 1905) (excellent); MANSI, "Coll
Conciliorum", XXIII, 605-82, XXIV, 37-136; HEFELE, "History of Christian
Councils", tr. CLARK; HAVET, "Biobliotheque de l'Ecole des Chartes", XLVI, 1855,
233-50; BERGER, "Registres d'Innocent IV (in course of publication); GUIRAUD AND
CADIER, "Registres de Gregoire X et Jean XXI (in course of publication).


ABOUT THIS PAGE

APA citation. Goyau, G. (1910). First Council of Lyons (1245). In The Catholic
Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476b.htm

MLA citation. Goyau, Georges. "First Council of Lyons (1245)." The Catholic
Encyclopedia. Vol. 9. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1910.
<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/09476b.htm>.



Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. October 1, 1910. Remy Lafort, Censor.
Imprimatur. +John M. Farley, Archbishop of New York.

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