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Home » MPR First Report » AAO-HNSF » AAO-HNSF 2022

Publish Date September 15, 2022


EFFECT OF NASAL IRRIGATION ON UPPER RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS, COVID-19

Ron Goldberg

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Data show that nasal irrigation reduces symptoms of upper respiratory tract
infections, is well tolerated, and has minimal risks. Credit: Getty Images


In patients with upper respiratory infections, nasal irrigation with saline and
providine-iodine rinses may provide efficacy in reducing viral titres, and nasal
rinses generally appear to be beneficial in reducing nasal symptoms, although
the effect of such rinses on COVID-19 infection is uncertain. These are among
systematic review findings presented at the American Academy of
Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation (AAO-HNSF) 2022 Annual Meeting
and OTO Experience, held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, September 10 to 14,
2022.

Researchers aimed to determine if the regular use of nasal rinses reduce viral
load and transmissibility in patients with COVID-19 and other respiratory tract
infections.

The researchers completed a systematic review in April 2022, searching for
studies related to nasal irrigation, viral illnesses, and types of nasal rinse
(including saline, corticosteroid, and providine-iodine) in ClinicalTrials.gov,
Cochrane, Web of Science, Embase, and MEDLINE databases. From 1200 studies
identified, 65 received full review, and 12 studies were ultimately used by
researchers, who extracted data on type of nasal rinse used, viruses studied,
viral load and transmission, and the effect of rinses on symptoms.

Among the 12 studies analyzed, 8 examined COVID-19. Ten of the studies were
randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 6 using saline, 3 using providine, and 1
using an intranasal corticosteroid.

Among the 10 RCTs, 8 demonstrated that upper respiratory tract symptoms were
reduced with nasal irrigation; 3 revealed a reduction in viral load; 4 reported
specifically on viral load reduction in the nasopharynx; and 4 reported on side
effects, the most common of which was mild nasal irritation. Only a single study
reported data on transmission.

Researchers concluded that “While nasal rinses appear to be beneficial in
reducing nasal symptoms of an upper respiratory tract infection, a larger scale
study is needed to identify if these rinses impact the viral load, illness
severity, and transmissibility in patients with COVID-19.” They further noted
that nasal irrigation is well tolerated among patients with viral upper
respiratory tract infections and has minimal risk. Moreover, there are
conflicting results regarding the treatment and prevention of viral infections
with nasal rinses; however, the data indicate that saline and providine-iodine
rinses may offer some efficacy in reducing viral titres.

REFERENCE

Gandhi K, Paczkowski F, Sowerby L. Nasal irrigation to prevent and treat viral
upper respiratory tract infections during the COVID-19 pandemic. Otolaryngol
Head Neck Surg. 2022;167(1 suppl):P285.

This article originally appeared on Pulmonology Advisor


TOPICS:

AAO-HNSF 2022 COVID19 Respiratory Infections


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