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* Ragnar Locker Ransomware Targets MSP Enterprise Support Tools
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*
RAGNAR LOCKER RANSOMWARE TARGETS MSP ENTERPRISE SUPPORT TOOLS
By
LAWRENCE ABRAMS
* February 10, 2020
* 01:45 PM
* 3
A ransomware called Ragnar Locker is specifically targeting software commonly
used by managed service providers to prevent their attack from being detected
and stopped.
Attackers first began using the Ragnar Locker ransomware towards the end of
December 2019 as part of attacks against compromised networks.
When the attackers first compromise a network, they will perform reconnaissance
and pre-deployment tasks before executing the ransomware.
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According to the attackers, one of these pre-deployment tasks is to first steal
a victim's files and upload it to their servers. They then tell the victim that
they will release the files publicly if a ransom is not paid.
"Also, all of your sensitive and private information were gathered and if you
decide NOT to pay, we will upload it for public view !," the attackers state in
the Ragnar Locker ransom note.
When ready, the attackers build a highly targeted ransomware executable that
contains a specific extension to use for encrypted files, an embedded RSA-2048
key, and a custom ransom note that includes the victim's company name and ransom
amount.
BleepingComputer has seen various ransom notes for Ragnar Locker with ransom
demands ranging from $200,000 to to approximately $600,000.
TARGETS PROGRAMS USED BY MANAGED SERVICE PROVIDERS
When BleepingComputer analyzed the ransomware we noted that the ransomware would
enumerate all of the running Windows services on the victim's computer and if
any of the services contain certain strings, the ransomware would stop the
service.
Below is the list of targeted strings:
vss
sql
memtas
mepocs
sophos
veeam
backup
pulseway
logme
logmein
connectwise
splashtop
kaseya
Terminating processes and disabling services is a common tactic used by
ransomware to disable security software and backup software and stop database
and mail servers so that their data can be encrypted.
What has not been seen in other ransomware, though, is that Ragnar Locker is
specifically targeting remote management software (RMM) commonly used by managed
service providers (MSPs), such as the popular ConnectWise and Kaseya software.
These applications are used by an MSP to provide remote support and software
management to their clients.
Kyle Hanslovan, the CEO of MSP security firm Huntress Labs, has told
BleepingComputar that his company has seen Ragnar Locker deployed via the MSP
software ConnectWise.
The termination of these MSP related processes is probably being done to make
it harder for the victim's MSP to detect and terminate an ongoing ransomware
attack.
THE RAGNAR LOCKER ENCRYPTION PROCESS
According to Head of SentinelLabs Vitali Kremez, who also analyzed the
ransomware, when first started Ragnar Locker will check the configured Windows
language preferences and if they are set as one of the former USSR countries,
will terminate the process and not encrypt the computer.
If the victim passes this check, the ransomware will stop various Windows
services as explained in the previous section.
Now that the computer has been prepped for encryption, Ragnar Locker will begin
to encrypt the files on the computer.
When encrypting files, it will skip files in the following folders, file names,
and extensions:
kernel32.dll
Windows
Windows.old
Tor browser
Internet Explorer
Google
Opera
Opera Software
Mozilla
Mozilla Firefox
$Recycle.Bin
ProgramData
All Users
autorun.inf
boot.ini
bootfont.bin
bootsect.bak
bootmgr
bootmgr.efi
bootmgfw.efi
desktop.ini
iconcache.db
ntldr
ntuser.dat
ntuser.dat.log
ntuser.ini
thumbs.db
.sys
.dll
.lnk
.msi
.drv
.exe
For each encrypted file, a preconfigured extension like .ragnar_22015ABC is
appended to the file's name. The 'RAGNAR' file marker will also be added to the
end of every encrypted file as shown below.
Encrypted File Marker
Finally, a ransom note named .RGNR_[extension].txt will be created that contains
information on what happened to the victim's files, a ransom amount, a bitcoin
payment address, a TOX chat ID to communicate with the attackers, and a backup
email address if TOX does not work.
Ragnar Locker Ransom Note
At this time, the encryption used by Ragnar Locker does not appear to have any
weaknesses, but if any are discovered we will be sure to update this article.
It is also not known if the attackers are actually stealing data before
encrypting files, but as this becoming a common tactic with enterprise-targeting
ransomware the threat should be taken seriously.
RELATED ARTICLES:
FBI: Ransomware gang breached 52 US critical infrastructure orgs
The Week in Ransomware - March 4th 2022 - The Conti Leaks
Free decryptor released for HermeticRansom victims in Ukraine
Conti Ransomware source code leaked by Ukrainian researcher
Microsoft Exchange servers hacked to deploy Cuba ransomware
IOCS
RELATED FILES:
RGNR_[extension].txt
RANSOM NOTE TEXT:
Hello xxx !
*****************************************************************************************************************
If you reading this message, then your network was PENETRATED and all of your files and data has been ENCRYPTED
by RAGNAR_LOCKER !
*****************************************************************************************************************
*********What happens with your system ?************
Your network was penetrated, all your files and backups was locked! So from now there is NO ONE CAN HELP YOU to get your files back, EXCEPT US.
You can google it, there is no CHANCES to decrypt data without our SECRET KEY.
But don't worry ! Your files are NOT DAMAGED or LOST, they are just MODIFIED. You can get it BACK as soon as you PAY.
We are looking only for MONEY, so there is no interest for us to steel or delete your information, it's just a BUSINESS $-)
HOWEVER you can damage your DATA by yourself if you try to DECRYPT by any other software, without OUR SPECIFIC ENCRYPTION KEY !!!
Also, all of your sensitive and private information were gathered and if you decide NOT to pay,
we will upload it for public view !
****
***********How to get back your files ?******
To decrypt all your files and data you have to pay for the encryption KEY :
BTC wallet for payment: xxx
Amount to pay (in Bitcoin): 60
****
***********How much time you have to pay?**********
* You should get in contact with us within 2 days after you noticed the encryption to get a better price.
* The price would be increased by 100% (double price) after 14 Days if there is no contact made.
* The key would be completely erased in 21 day if there is no contact made or no deal made.
Some sensetive information stolen from the file servers would be uploaded in public or to re-seller.
****
***********What if files can't be restored ?******
To prove that we really can decrypt your data, we will decrypt one of your locked files !
Just send it to us and you will get it back FOR FREE.
The price for the decryptor is based on the network size, number of employees, annual revenue.
Please feel free to contact us for amount of BTC that should be paid.
****
! IF you don't know how to get bitcoins, we will give you advise how to exchange the money.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
! HERE IS THE SIMPLE MANUAL HOW TO GET CONTCAT WITH US !
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1) Go to the official website of TOX messenger ( https://tox.chat/download.html )
2) Download and install qTOX on your PC, choose the platform ( Windows, OS X, Linux, etc. )
3) Open messenger, click "New Profile" and create profile.
4) Click "Add friends" button and search our contact xxx
5) For identification, send to our support data from ---RAGNAR SECRET---
IMPORTANT ! IF for some reasons you CAN'T CONTACT us in qTOX, here is our reserve mailbox ( hello_psecu@protonmail.com ) send a message with a data from ---RAGNAR SECRET---
WARNING!
-Do not try to decrypt files with any third-party software (it will be damaged permanently)
-Do not reinstall your OS, this can lead to complete data loss and files cannot be decrypted. NEVER!
-Your SECRET KEY for decryption is on our server, but it will not be stored forever. DO NOT WASTE TIME !
***********************************************************************************
---RAGNAR SECRET---
xxx
---RAGNAR SECRET---
***********************************************************************************
* ConnectWise
* Kaseya
* MSP
* Ragnar Locker
* Ransomware
* Facebook
* Twitter
* LinkedIn
* Email
*
LAWRENCE ABRAMS
Lawrence Abrams is the owner and Editor in Chief of BleepingComputer.com.
Lawrence's area of expertise includes Windows, malware removal, and computer
forensics. Lawrence Abrams is a co-author of the Winternals Defragmentation,
Recovery, and Administration Field Guide and the technical editor for Rootkits
for Dummies.
* Previous Article
* Next Article
COMMENTS
* VILEATORVA - 2 YEARS AGO
*
*
Great article thanks. I am curious if you have any more info on the
pre-deployment task that uploads victim's files to their servers? Will it try
and upload certain file types only and or a preset amount based on size?
* LAWRENCE ABRAMS - 2 YEARS AGO
*
*
Unfortunately we do not have that info and are not even 100% sure they are
actually stealing data as they claim.
Unfortunately, with many ransomware families getting into this practice,
though, I would be surprised if they were not doing it.
* VILEATORVA - 2 YEARS AGO
*
*
Gotcha, thanks again for the great work!
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