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September 5, 2023

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proofread


POOR WATER QUALITY FOUND TO DISPROPORTIONATELY AFFECT SOCIALLY VULNERABLE
COMMUNITIES

by IOP Publishing

Drinking Water Quality. Credit: IOP Publishing

A new study published in the journal Environmental Research Letters examines the
links between drinking water quality violations and social vulnerability in the
United States, revealing that these violations disproportionately affect the
most vulnerable communities. Approximately 70% of the population affected ranked
in the highest social vulnerability category, with many different social
parameters, beyond income, linked to different drinking water quality
violations.





The study, led by researchers from the Jackson School of Geosciences, University
of Texas in Austin, used new water quality data that reflect actual water
distribution, not administrative boundaries, along with improved definitions of
disadvantaged communities and social vulnerability. The improved model
identifies more than three times the number of affected people than predicted by
current federal environmental justice assessment tools.

While most Americans have access to safe drinking water, around one in ten
people were exposed to a health-based water quality violation between 2018 and
2020. In the United States, supplying high quality water is increasingly
challenging, due to an aging and underfunded drinking water infrastructure.

The largest causes of health-based violations in community water systems are
disinfectants and byproducts related to water treatment, followed by naturally
occurring contaminants (such as arsenic and radionuclides) and human-caused
contaminants such as nitrates.

In assessing which communities and groups are most affected by water violations,
previous research has been limited by data sets that are based on state and
administrative boundaries that hide the cross border nature of water
distribution, and by federal environmental justice assessment tools that have
focused primarily on household income as an indicator of social vulnerability,
potentially neglecting key, data-available aspects of vulnerability.

This study instead looked at data based on community water systems across the
whole country in relation to an improved measure of social vulnerability, the
mSVI, developed from a tool from the Center for Disease Control, and informed by
more recent literature and data analytics.

Proposed federal drinking water infrastructure funding requires individual
states to allocate over 49% of the funding to disadvantaged communities (DACs).
However, states have substantial discretion in defining DACs, resulting in large
variations in definitions across the US. This study suggests that a broader
definition of DACs, beyond household income, should be considered, as mSVI
captures three times more of the affected population than household income
alone.

Bridget Scanlon, senior research scientist for the Bureau of Economic Geology at
The University of Texas, says, "Our detailed analysis of the linkages of
drinking water quality violations to social vulnerability can help inform
guidance for effectively distributing infrastructure funding and designing
interventions to ensure more equitable drinking water quality nationally."

More information: Environmental Research Letters (2023). DOI:
10.1088/1748-9326/ace2d9. iopscience.iop.org/article/10. … 088/1748-9326/ace2d9

Journal information: Environmental Research Letters

Provided by IOP Publishing

Citation: Poor water quality found to disproportionately affect socially
vulnerable communities (2023, September 5) retrieved 28 September 2023 from
https://phys.org/news/2023-09-poor-quality-disproportionately-affect-socially.html
This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the
purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the
written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Explore further

Millions of US households may struggle to afford basic water services

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