support.microsoft.com Open in urlscan Pro
2.18.36.110  Public Scan

Submitted URL: https://marketing.optelgroup.com/e/891293/52-c141-43d2-941e-37ed901c769c/rt645/644031856?h=zGogb__fkDYKr3z0CKg0s-0LV6jYxTEDUIh8ZB...
Effective URL: https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/topic/kb5004442-manage-changes-for-windows-dcom-server-security-feature-bypass-cve-2021-26...
Submission: On February 28 via manual from IN — Scanned from DE

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KB5004442—MANAGE CHANGES FOR WINDOWS DCOM SERVER SECURITY FEATURE BYPASS
(CVE-2021-26414)

Windows 10, version 2004, all editions Windows Server version 2004 Windows 10,
version 20H2, all editions Windows Server, version 20H2, all editions Windows
10, version 21H1, all editions Windows 10 Enterprise, version 1909 Windows 10
Enterprise and Education, version 1909 Windows 10 IoT Enterprise, version 1909
Win 10 Ent LTSC v2019 Win 10 IoT Ent LTSC v2019 Windows 10 IoT Core 2019 LTSC
Windows Server 2019 Windows 10, version 1607, all editions Windows Server 2016,
all editions Windows 10 Windows 8.1 Windows Server 2012 R2 Windows Embedded 8.1
Industry Enterprise Windows Embedded 8.1 Industry Pro Windows Server 2012
Windows Embedded 8 Standard Windows 7 Windows Server 2008 R2 Windows Embedded
Standard 7 ESU Windows Embedded POSReady 7 ESU Windows Thin PC Windows Server
2008 Windows 11 Windows Server 2022 Windows 11 version 22H2, all editions
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UPDATED 11/23/2022 

 * Summary section - all new content

 * Registry setting to enable or disable the hardening changes - Fifth Note


SUMMARY

The Distributed Component Object Model (DCOM) Remote Protocol is a protocol for
exposing application objects using remote procedure calls (RPCs). DCOM is used
for communication between the software components of networked devices.
Hardening changes in DCOM were required for CVE-2021-26414. Therefore, we
recommended that you verify if client or server applications in your environment
that use DCOM or RPC work as expected with the hardening changes enabled.

The first phase of DCOM updates was released on June 8, 2021. In that update,
DCOM hardening was disabled by default. You can enable them by modifying the
registry as described in the “Registry setting to enable or disable the
hardening changes” section below. The second phase of DCOM updates was released
on June 14, 2022. That changed the hardening to enabled by default but retained
the ability to disable the changes using registry key settings. The final phase
of DCOM updates will be released in March 2023. It will keep the DCOM hardening
enabled and remove the ability to disable it.

We understand that DCOM hardening changes might cause app compatibility issues
in your environment. The latest security update released in November 2022
includes the following capabilities to manage this migration easily:

 * New DCOM Error Events - To help identify the applications that might have
   compatibility issues after we enable DCOM security hardening changes, we
   added new DCOM error events in the System log. Please see below for more
   information on the release timeline as well as the supported platforms.

 * Authentication level for all non-anonymous activation requests –To help
   reduce app compatibility issues, we have automatically raised the
   authentication level for all non-anonymous activation requests from
   Windows-based DCOM clients to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY at a minimum.
   With this change, most Windows-based DCOM clients requests will be
   automatically accepted with DCOM hardening changes enabled on the server side
   without any further modification to the DCOM client. Please see below for
   more detailed information.

While we recommend that you install the latest security update, we also want to
give you more control if you do not have the latest security update installed in
your environment.

 * Enable DCOM Hardening. If you have not installed the June 14, 2022, or later
   update, you can set the RequireIntegrityActivationAuthenticationLevel
   registry key to 1 for all DCOM servers. This will enable DCOM hardening in
   your environment.

 * Raise Authentication Level. If you have not installed the November 8, 2022,
   or later update, you can set the RaiseActivationAuthenticationLevel registry
   key to 2 for all Windows-based DCOM clients. This will raise the
   authentication level for all non-anonymous activation requests from
   Windows-based DCOM clients to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY

We recommend that you complete testing in your environment and enable these
hardening changes as soon as possible. If you find issues during testing, you
must contact the vendor for the affected client or server software for an update
or workaround before the March 2023 update is released.

Note We highly recommend that you install the latest security update available.
They provide advanced protections from the latest security threats as well
capabilities we’ve added to support migration. For more information and context
about how we are hardening DCOM, see DCOM authentication hardening: what you
need to know.


TIMELINE

Update release

Behavior change

June 8, 2021

Hardening changes disabled by default but with the ability to enable them using
a registry key.

June 14, 2022

Hardening changes enabled by default but with the ability to disable them using
a registry key.

November 8, 2022

In response to your feedback, the November 8,2022 update includes a client-side
(device, application, or service acting as a DCOM client) patch. This patch
automatically raises the authentication level of all non-anonymous activation
requests to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY. If you use third-party Windows DCOM
client applications and are dependent on the software providers to raise the
activation authentication level to support DCOM hardening changes, this patch
removes the dependency. This allows the activation authentication level to be
raised automatically at the Windows OS level. This prevents the activation
requests from being rejected by DCOM servers that have enabled DCOM hardening
changes.

March 14, 2023

Hardening changes enabled by default with no ability to disable them. By this
point, you must resolve any compatibility issues with the hardening changes and
applications in your environment.


DCOM CLIENT-SIDE PATCH ON NOVEMBER 8, 2022

This update will automatically raise authentication level for all non-anonymous
activation requests from DCOM clients to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY at a
minimum. With this change, most Windows DCOM clients will automatically work
with DCOM hardening changes on the server side without any further modification
to the DCOM client. This update will be activated by default but can be
deactivated by setting its registry key to 1. This patch is disabled by default
for Windows 10, versions 1809 and 1607 and Windows Server 2016. To enable it,
set the registry key value for RaiseActivationAuthenticationLevel to 2.


REGISTRY SETTING TO ENABLE OR DISABLE THE HARDENING CHANGES

During the timeline phases in which you can enable or disable the hardening
changes for CVE-2021-26414, you can use the following registry key:

 * Path : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Ole\AppCompat

 * Value Name: "RequireIntegrityActivationAuthenticationLevel"

 * Type: dword

 * Value Data: default = 0x00000000 means disabled. 0x00000001 means enabled. If
   this value is not defined, it will default to enabled.

Note You must enter Value Data in hexadecimal format. 

Important You must restart your device after setting this registry key for it to
take effect.

Note Enabling the registry key above will make DCOM servers enforce an
Authentication-Level of RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY or higher for
activation. This does not affect anonymous activation (activation using
authentication level RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_NONE). If the DCOM server allows
anonymous activation, it will still be allowed even with DCOM hardening changes
are enabled.

Note This registry value does not exist by default; you must create it. Windows
will read it if it exists and will not overwrite it.

Note Installation of later updates will neither change nor remove existing
registry entries and settings.


REGISTRY SETTINGS TO RAISE THE ACTIVATION AUTHENTICATION LEVEL

You can use the following registry key to raise the activation authentication
level.

 * Path : HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Ole\AppCompat

 * Value Name: "RaiseActivationAuthenticationLevel"

 * Type: dword

 * Value Data: 1 means raise default authentication level
   to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY.
   
   Two (2) means raise authentication level for all non-anonymous activation
   requests to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY if it is below Packet
   Integrity. This includes the explicitly set authentication level in
   activation functions, such as CoCreateInstanceEx. If this value is not
   defined, it will default to 1 (before November 8, 2022) and 2 (after November
   8, 2022).

Note You must enter Value Data in hexadecimal format. 

Important You must restart your device after setting this registry key for it to
take effect.

Note This registry value does not exist by default; you must create it. Windows
will read it if it exists and will not overwrite it.


NEW DCOM ERROR EVENTS

To help you identify the applications that might have compatibility issues after
we enable DCOM security hardening changes, we added new DCOM error events in the
System log; see the tables below. The system will log these events if it detects
that a DCOM client application is trying to activate a DCOM server using an
authentication level that is less than RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY. You can
trace to the client device from the server-side event log and use client-side
event logs to find the application.


SERVER EVENTS

Event ID

Message

10036

"The server-side authentication level policy does not allow the user %1\%2 SID
(%3) from address %4 to activate DCOM server. Please raise the activation
authentication level at least to RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY in client
application."

(%1 – domain, %2 – user name, %3 – User SID, %4 – Client IP Address)


CLIENT EVENTS

Event ID

Message

10037

"Application %1 with PID %2 is requesting to activate CLSID %3 on computer %4
with explicitly set authentication level at %5. The lowest activation
authentication level required by DCOM is 5(RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY). To
raise the activation authentication level, please contact the application
vendor."

10038

"Application %1 with PID %2 is requesting to activate CLSID %3 on computer %4
with default activation authentication level at %5. The lowest activation
authentication level required by DCOM is 5(RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_INTEGRITY). To
raise the activation authentication level, please contact the application
vendor."

(%1 – Application Path, %2 – Application PID, %3 – CLSID of the COM class the
application is requesting to activate, %4 – Computer Name, %5 – Value of
Authentication Level)


AVAILABILITY

These error events are only available for a subset of Windows versions; see the
table below.

Windows version

Available on or after these dates

Windows Server 2022

September 27, 2021

KB5005619

Windows 10, version 2004, Windows 10, version 20H2, Windows 10, version 21H1

September 1, 2021

KB5005101

Windows 10, version 1909

August 26, 2021

KB5005103

Windows Server 2019, Windows 10, version  1809

August 26, 2021

KB5005102

Windows Server 2016, Windows 10, version 1607

September 14, 2021

KB5005573

Windows Server 2012 R2 and Windows 8.1

October 12, 2021

KB5006714

Windows 11, version 22H2

September 30, 2022

KB5017389




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