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Learn more about Zama's fhEVM Coprocessor → Home Libraries TFHE-rs ↗ A pure rust implementation of the TFHE scheme for boolean and integer arithmetics over encrypted data. Concrete ↗ TFHE compiler that converts python programs into FHE equivalent. Concrete ML ↗ Privacy preserving ML framework built on top of Concrete, with bindings to traditional ML frameworks. fhEVM ↗ A fully homomorphic encryption protocol to write confidential smart contracts. Services fhEVM Coprocessor Deploy confidential applications on Ethereum and other L1s. TKMS-as-a-service A fully fledged Threshold Key Management Service for secure FHE key generation and ciphertext decryption. Solutions Asset Tokenization Unlock the power of tokenization while ensuring complete confidentiality and security for your assets. Decentralized AI Train and infer on encrypted data without decryption to maintain confidentiality throughout the AI processing lifecycle. Confidential Networks Launch a blockchain network with complete asset confidentiality and security. Confidential Stablecoins Enhance stablecoin projects with compliant confidentiality. Confidential AI Add a layer of privacy to your machine learning workflows and unlock news possibilities, like private inference, confidential training, and IP protection. Got a FHE use case? Contact our team to get started. Developers Documentation ↗ FHE resources ↗ Community Bounty Program ↗ FHE.org discord ↗ Libraries TFHE-rs ↗ A pure rust implementation of the TFHE scheme for boolean and integer arithmetics over encrypted data. Concrete ↗ TFHE Compiler that converts python programs into FHE equivalent. Concrete ML ↗ Privacy preserving ML framework built on top of Concrete, with bindings to traditional ML frameworks. fhEVM ↗ A fully homomorphic encryption protocol to write confidential smart contracts. Services Coming soon fhEVM Coprocessor Deploy confidential applications on Ethereum and other L1s. Coming soon TKMS A fully fledged Threshold Key Management Service for secure FHE key generation and ciphertexts decryption. Solutions Confidential AI Add a layer of privacy to your machine learning workflows and unlock new possibilities, like private inference, confidential training, and IP protection. Asset Tokenization Unlock the power of tokenization while ensuring complete confidentiality and security for your assets. Confidential Networks Launch a blockchain network with complete asset confidentiality and security. Confidential Stablecoins Enhance stablecoin projects with compliant confidentiality. Decentralized AI Train and infer on encrypted data without decryption to maintain confidentiality throughout the AI processing lifecycle. Got a FHE use case? Contact our team to get started. Developers Documentation ↗ FHE resources ↗ Community Bounty program ↗ FHE.org discord ↗ Contact us BUILD APPLICATIONS WITH FULLY HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION (FHE) Zama is an open source cryptography company building state-of-the-art FHE solutions for blockchain and AI. See on GithubRead the docs or read Zama's 6 minute introduction to FHE. Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog Read Zama's latest news on our blog HOMOMORPHIC ENCRYPTION ENABLES APPLICATIONS TO RUN PRIVATELY BY PROCESSING DATA BLINDLY. PRODUCTS LinkLinkLinkLink DevelopersCOMPANY How it Works 01 WRITE PYTHON CODE, RUN IT ON ENCRYPTED DATA Zama's Concrete Framework enables data scientists to build models that run on encrypted data, without learning cryptography. Just write Python code and Concrete will convert it to an homomorphic equivalent! import concrete.numpy as hnp def add(x, y): return x + y inputset = [(2, 3), (0, 0), (1, 6), (7, 7), (7, 1), (3, 2), (6, 1), (1, 7), (4, 5), (5, 4)] compiler = hnp.NPFHECompiler(add, {"x": "encrypted", "y": "encrypted"}) print(f"Compiling...") circuit = compiler.compile_on_inputset(inputset) examples = [(3, 4), (1, 2), (7, 7), (0, 0)] for example in examples: result = circuit.run(*example) print(f"Evaluation of {' + '.join(map(str, example))} homomorphically = {result}") Copy 02 USE LOW-LEVEL FHE OPERATORS TO FINE-TUNE EXECUTION Cryptographers looking to manipulate FHE operators directly can do so using Concrete’s low-level library. Built in Rust using a highly modual architecture, it makes extending Concrete safe and easy. Copy use concrete::*; fn main() -> Result<(), CryptoAPIError> { // generate a secret key let secret_key = LWESecretKey::new(&LWE128_630); // the two values to add let m1 = 8.2; let m2 = 5.6; // Encode in [0, 10[ with 8 bits of precision and 1 bit of padding let encoder = Encoder::new(0., 10., 8, 1)?; // encrypt plaintexts let mut c1 = LWE::encode_encrypt(&secret_key, m1, &encoder)?; let c2 = LWE::encode_encrypt(&secret_key, m2, &encoder)?; // add the two ciphertexts homomorphically, and store in c1 c1.add_with_padding_inplace(&c2)?; // decrypt and decode the result let m3 = c1.decrypt_decode(&secret_key)?; // print the result and compare to non-FHE addition println!("Real: {}, FHE: {}", m1 + m2, m3); Ok(()) } 01 CONCRETE ML MAKES USE CASES EASY With Concrete ML, we are able to show some very appealing examples of how the tool can be used with models that are already familiar to data scientists. from sklearn.datasets import make_classification from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split from concrete.ml.sklearn import LogisticRegression # Create a synthetic dataset N_EXAMPLE_TOTAL = 100 N_TEST = 20 x, y = make_classification(n_samples=N_EXAMPLE_TOTAL, class_sep=2, n_features=4, random_state=42) X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split( x, y, test_size=N_TEST / N_EXAMPLE_TOTAL, random_state=42) # Fix the quantization to 3 bits model = LogisticRegression(n_bits=3) # Fit the model model.fit(X_train, y_train) # We run prediction on non-encrypted data as a reference y_pred_clear = model.predict(X_test, execute_in_fhe=False) # We compile into an FHE model model.compile(x) # We then run the inference in FHE y_pred_fhe = model.predict(X_test, execute_in_fhe=True) print("In clear :", y_pred_clear) print("In FHE :", y_pred_fhe) print("Comparison:", (y_pred_fhe == y_pred_clear)) Copy 03 WRITE PYTHON CODE, RUN IT ON ENCRYPTED DATA Data scientists looking to run their models on encrypted data can now do so without learning cryptography. Just build your model using Numpy. Concrete will convert it to an optimized FHE executable! <script> var tricksWord = document.getElementsByClassName("tricks"); for (var i = 0; i < tricksWord.length; i++) { var wordWrap = tricksWord.item(i); wordWrap.innerHTML = wordWrap.innerHTML.replace(/(^|<\/?[^>]+>|\s)([^\s<]+)/g, '$1$2'); } var tricksLetter = document.getElementsByClassName("tricksword"); for (var i = 0; i < tricksLetter.length; i++) { var letterWrap = tricksLetter.item(i); letterWrap.innerHTML = letterWrap.textContent.replace(/\S/g, "$&"); } </script> Copy FHE BRINGS PRIVACY TO WEB2 AND WEB3 APPLICATIONS Explore the wide range of new use cases unlocked by FHE. CONFIDENTIAL CREDIT SCORING Make precise credit evaluations while upholding strict data confidentiality, presenting a sophisticated solution to maintaining the delicate equilibrium between data utility and privacy. Learn more → PREVENTIVE MEDICINE Share encrypted health information and receive encrypted recommendations tailored solely for your eyes, safeguarding the privacy of your data while benefiting from AI-driven insights. Learn more → BIOMETRICS Easily authenticate yourself (eg: facial recognition) while ensuring that your biometric data remains encrypted, preserving your privacy and security against unauthorized access by cloud providers. Learn more → TOKENIZATION Effortlessly generate, process and manage tokenized assets for transactions or identification purposes, all while safeguarding the underlying data through encryption. Learn more → CONFIDENTIAL TRADING Maintain the confidentiality of the ask and bid prices as well as quantities in trading to protect the secrecy of information in trading such as high-value auctions or sensitive trading. Learn more → ONCHAIN IDENTITY Safeguard your identity on the blockchain, ensuring privacy while benefiting from its transparency and security features. Learn more → 1 2 3 4 5 6 LIBRARIES TFHE-rs ↗ Concrete ↗ Concrete ML ↗FHEVM ↗ DEVELOPERS BlogDOCUMENTATION ↗GITHUB ↗ FHE resources ↗ Research papers ↗CommunityBounty Program ↗Confidential AIConfidential blockchainThreshold key management Service COMPANY Aboutintroduction to fheEventsMediaCareers ↗Newsletter ↗LegalContact us Privacy is necessary for an open society in the electronic age. Privacy is not secrecy. A private matter is something one doesn't want the whole world to know, but a secret matter is something one doesn't want anybody to know. Privacy is the power to selectively reveal oneself to the world.If two parties have some sort of dealings, then each has a memory of their interaction. Each party can speak about their own memory of this; how could anyone prevent it? One could pass laws against it, but the freedom of speech, even more than privacy, is fundamental to an open society; we seek not to restrict any speech at all. If many parties speak together in the same forum, each can speak to all the others and aggregate together knowledge about individuals and other parties. The power of electronic communications has enabled such group speech, and it will not go away merely because we might want it to.Since we desire privacy, we must ensure that each party to a transaction have knowledge only of that which is directly necessary for that transaction. Since any information can be spoken of, we must ensure that we reveal as little as possible. In most cases personal identity is not salient. When I purchase a magazine at a store and hand cash to the clerk, there is no need to know who I am. When I ask my electronic mail provider to send and receive messages, my provider need not know to whom I am speaking or what I am saying or what others are saying to me; my provider only need know how to get the message there and how much I owe them in fees. When my identity is revealed by the underlying mechanism of the transaction, I have no privacy. I cannot here selectively reveal myself; I must always reveal myself.Therefore, privacy in an open society requires anonymous transaction systems. Until now, cash has been the primary such system. An anonymous transaction system is not a secret transaction system. An anonymous system empowers individuals to reveal their identity when desired and only when desired; this is the essence of privacy.Privacy in an open society also requires cryptography. If I say something, I want it heard only by those for whom I intend it. If the content of my speech is available to the world, I have no privacy. To encrypt is to indicate the desire for privacy, and to encrypt with weak cryptography is to indicate not too much desire for privacy. Furthermore, to reveal one's identity with assurance when the default is anonymity requires the cryptographic signature.We cannot expect governments, corporations, or other large, faceless organizations to grant us privacy out of their beneficence. It is to their advantage to speak of us, and we should expect that they will speak. To try to prevent their speech is to fight against the realities of information. Information does not just want to be free, it longs to be free. Information expands to fill the available storage space. Information is Rumor's younger, stronger cousin; Information is fleeter of foot, has more eyes, knows more, and understands less than Rumor.We must defend our own privacy if we expect to have any. We must come together and create systems which allow anonymous transactions to take place. People have been defending their own privacy for centuries with whispers, darkness, envelopes, closed doors, secret handshakes, and couriers. The technologies of the past did not allow for strong privacy, but electronic technologies do.We the Cypherpunks are dedicated to building anonymous systems. We are defending our privacy with cryptography, with anonymous mail forwarding systems, with digital signatures, and with electronic money.Cypherpunks write code. We know that someone has to write software to defend privacy, and since we can't get privacy unless we all do, we're going to write it. We publish our code so that our fellow Cypherpunks may practice and play with it. Our code is free for all to use, worldwide. We don't much care if you don't approve of the software we write. We know that software can't be destroyed and that a widely dispersed system can't be shut down.Cypherpunks deplore regulations on cryptography, for encryption is fundamentally a private act. The act of encryption, in fact, removes information from the public realm. Even laws against cryptography reach only so far as a nation's border and the arm of its violence. Cryptography will ineluctably spread over the whole globe, and with it the anonymous transactions systems that it makes possible.For privacy to be widespread it must be part of a social contract. People must come and together deploy these systems for the common good. Privacy only extends so far as the cooperation of one's fellows in society. We the Cypherpunks seek your questions and your concerns and hope we may engage you so that we do not deceive ourselves. We will not, however, be moved out of our course because some may disagree with our goals.The Cypherpunks are actively engaged in making the networks safer for privacy. Let us proceed together apace.Onward. By Eric Hughes. 9 March 1993.