urlscan.io logo urlscan.io
SecurityTrails logo

www.ft.com Open in urlscan Pro
151.101.66.46  Public Scan

Back to summary
Submitted URL: https://managers-uk.org/c/AQilpQIQ7PuGBxjToMWmAiCxpcWiAb61ZehdTOhcBT_mKK0rEQdRpJN99USEOl-MnrkMjE16
Effective URL: https://www.ft.com/content/acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2?FTCamp=engage%2FCAPI%2F%5B%22news-monitoring-app%22...
Submission: On December 20 via api from IE — Scanned from IL

Form analysis 9 forms found in the DOM

/search

<form class="o-header__search-form" action="/search" role="search" aria-label="Site search" data-n-topic-search="true"><label for="o-header-search-term-primary" class="o-header__search-term o-forms-field o-forms-field--optional"><span
      class="o-forms-title o-header__visually-hidden"><span class="o-forms-title__main">Search the <abbr title="Financial Times">FT</abbr></span></span><span class="o-forms-input o-forms-input--text o-forms-input--suffix"><input type="search"
        id="o-header-search-term-primary" name="q" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" placeholder="Search for stories, topics or securities" role="combobox"
        aria-controls="suggestions-o-header-search-term-primary"><button class="o-header__search-submit" type="submit"><span aria-hidden="true" class="o-header__search-icon"></span><span>Search</span></button><button
        class="o-header__search-close o--if-js" type="button" aria-controls="o-header-search-primary" title="Close search bar" data-trackable="close" data-o-toggle--js="true" aria-expanded="false"><span class="o-header__visually-hidden">Close search
          bar</span><span>Close</span></button></span></label></form>

POST /__myft/api/core/followed/concept/146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f?method=put

<form action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f?method=put" class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow" method="POST" data-myft-ui="follow" data-concept-id="146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f"
  data-myft-ui-variant="followPlusInstantAlerts">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Now following Cyber Security." data-unpressed-text="No longer following Cyber Security."></div><input type="hidden"
    data-myft-csrf-token="true" value="" name="token"><button aria-label="Add Cyber Security to myFT" title="Add Cyber Security to myFT" data-alternate-label="Added Cyber Security to myFT: click to manage alert preferences or remove from myFT"
    aria-pressed="false" data-alternate-text="Added" class="n-myft-follow-button n-myft-follow-button--instant-alerts
						
						n-myft-follow-button--standard" data-concept-id="146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f" data-trackable="follow" type="submit" data-component-id="myft-follow-plus-instant-alerts">Add to myFT</button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/saved/content/acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--save" method="POST" data-content-id="acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2" data-myft-ui="saved" action="/__myft/api/core/saved/content/acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2?method=put"
  data-myft-ui-save-config="nonModal">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Article saved in My FT." data-unpressed-text="Removed article from My FT."></div>
  <button type="submit" class="n-myft-ui__save-button-with-icon" data-trackable="save-for-later" title="Save this article to myFT for later" aria-label="Save this article to myFT for later" data-alternate-label=" Saved to myFT" aria-pressed="false"
    data-text-variant="save-button-with-icon-copy" data-alternate-text="Saved&nbsp;" data-content-id="acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2">
    <span class="save-button-with-icon-copy" data-variant-label="">Save</span>
  </button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/saved/content/acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--save" method="POST" data-content-id="acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2" data-myft-ui="saved" action="/__myft/api/core/saved/content/acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2?method=put"
  data-myft-ui-save-config="nonModal">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Article saved in My FT." data-unpressed-text="Removed article from My FT."></div>
  <button type="submit" class="n-myft-ui__save-button-with-icon" data-trackable="save-for-later" title="Save this article to myFT for later" aria-label="Save this article to myFT for later" data-alternate-label=" Saved to myFT" aria-pressed="false"
    data-text-variant="save-button-with-icon-copy" data-alternate-text="Saved&nbsp;" data-content-id="acb60205-50f7-4422-972e-f6355ddea2f2">
    <span class="save-button-with-icon-copy" data-variant-label="">Save</span>
  </button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/followed/concept/146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow " method="POST" data-myft-ui="follow" data-concept-id="146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f" action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f?method=put">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Now following Cyber Security." data-unpressed-text="No longer following Cyber Security."></div>
  <button aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Add to myFT: Cyber Security" title="Add Cyber Security to myFT" data-alternate-label="Added Cyber Security to myFT: click to remove" data-alternate-text="Added" class="
									n-myft-follow-button" data-concept-id="146af07b-ba26-4293-9aa8-d900930ac78f" data-trackable="follow" type="submit">Add to myFT</button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/followed/concept/6b32f2c1-da43-4e19-80b9-8aef4ab640d7?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow " method="POST" data-myft-ui="follow" data-concept-id="6b32f2c1-da43-4e19-80b9-8aef4ab640d7" action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/6b32f2c1-da43-4e19-80b9-8aef4ab640d7?method=put">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Now following Technology sector." data-unpressed-text="No longer following Technology sector."></div>
  <button aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Add to myFT: Technology sector" title="Add Technology sector to myFT" data-alternate-label="Added Technology sector to myFT: click to remove" data-alternate-text="Added" class="
									n-myft-follow-button" data-concept-id="6b32f2c1-da43-4e19-80b9-8aef4ab640d7" data-trackable="follow" type="submit">Add to myFT</button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/followed/concept/c47f4dfc-6879-4e95-accf-ca8cbe6a1f69?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow " method="POST" data-myft-ui="follow" data-concept-id="c47f4dfc-6879-4e95-accf-ca8cbe6a1f69" action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/c47f4dfc-6879-4e95-accf-ca8cbe6a1f69?method=put">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Now following Companies." data-unpressed-text="No longer following Companies."></div>
  <button aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Add to myFT: Companies" title="Add Companies to myFT" data-alternate-label="Added Companies to myFT: click to remove" data-alternate-text="Added" class="
									n-myft-follow-button" data-concept-id="c47f4dfc-6879-4e95-accf-ca8cbe6a1f69" data-trackable="follow" type="submit">Add to myFT</button>
</form>

POST /__myft/api/core/followed/concept/bc63cd1a-b57e-4e67-853f-c5c9f16e56b1?method=put

<form class="n-myft-ui n-myft-ui--follow " method="POST" data-myft-ui="follow" data-concept-id="bc63cd1a-b57e-4e67-853f-c5c9f16e56b1" action="/__myft/api/core/followed/concept/bc63cd1a-b57e-4e67-853f-c5c9f16e56b1?method=put">
  <input data-myft-csrf-token="" value="" type="hidden" name="token">
  <div class="n-myft-ui__announcement o-normalise-visually-hidden" aria-live="assertive" data-pressed-text="Now following Nicholas Fearn." data-unpressed-text="No longer following Nicholas Fearn."></div>
  <button aria-pressed="false" aria-label="Add to myFT: Nicholas Fearn" title="Add Nicholas Fearn to myFT" data-alternate-label="Added Nicholas Fearn to myFT: click to remove" data-alternate-text="Added" class="
									n-myft-follow-button" data-concept-id="bc63cd1a-b57e-4e67-853f-c5c9f16e56b1" data-trackable="follow" type="submit">Add to myFT</button>
</form>

/search

<form class="o-header__drawer-search-form" action="/search" role="search" aria-label="Site search" data-n-topic-search="true"><label for="o-header-drawer-search-term" class="o-forms-field o-forms-field--optional"><span
      class="o-forms-title o-header__visually-hidden"><span class="o-forms-title__main">Search the <abbr title="Financial Times">FT</abbr></span></span><span class="o-forms-input o-forms-input--text o-forms-input--suffix"><input type="search"
        id="o-header-drawer-search-term" name="q" autocomplete="off" autocorrect="off" autocapitalize="off" spellcheck="false" data-trackable="search-term" data-n-topic-search-input="true" placeholder="Search for stories, topics or securities"
        role="combobox" aria-controls="suggestions-o-header-drawer-search-term" data-n-topic-search-drawer="true" tabindex="-1"><button class="o-header__drawer-search-submit" type="submit" data-trackable="search-submit" tabindex="-1"><span
          class="o-header__visually-hidden">Search</span></button></span></label>
  <div id="suggestions-o-header-drawer-search-term" class="typeahead__main-container" role="listbox"></div>
</form>

Text Content

Accessibility helpSkip to navigationSkip to contentSkip to footer


IMPARTIAL REPORTING, EXPERT ANALYSIS, INFORMED OPINIONS.

Try the FT today.


IMPARTIAL REPORTING, EXPERT ANALYSIS, INFORMED OPINIONS.

Try the FT today.
Try for £1

 * Sign In
 * Subscribe

Open side navigation menuOpen search bar
Financial Times
SubscribeSign In
Search the FTSearchClose search barClose


POPULAR SEARCHES

 * What is the latest news on the UK economy?
 * Western support for Ukraine
 * How will AI be regulated?
 * UK inflation vs the world
 * How will the UK economy fare in 2024?

 * Home
 * World
   Sections
    * World Home
    * Middle East war
    * Global Economy
    * UK
    * US
    * China
    * Africa
    * Asia Pacific
    * Emerging Markets
    * Europe
    * War in Ukraine
    * Americas
    * Middle East & North Africa
   
   Most Read
    * US government shutdown looms after House rejects Trump-backed funding bill
    * Russia struggles to tame inflation in ‘overheating’ war economy
    * Europe must decide on the banking union
    * US dispatches diplomats to meet Syrian rebel leader in Damascus
    * Europe wrapped itself in a web of new rules. Can it reverse course?

 * US
   Sections
    * US Home
    * US Economy
    * Investing in America
    * US Companies
    * US Politics & Policy
    * US Presidential Election 2024
   
   Most Read
    * US government shutdown looms after House rejects Trump-backed funding bill
    * US dispatches diplomats to meet Syrian rebel leader in Damascus
    * Scrambled weather cycle prompts meteorologists to rethink models
    * Lord Peter Mandelson to be UK’s next ambassador to US
    * Luigi Mangione faces federal murder charge in UnitedHealthcare killing

 * Companies
   Sections
    * Companies Home
    * Energy
    * Financials
    * Health
    * Industrials
    * Media
    * Professional Services
    * Retail & Consumer
    * Tech Sector
    * Telecoms
    * Transport
   
   Most Read
    * Inside Wall Street’s booming $1tn ‘synthetic risk transfer’ phenomenon
    * Europe must decide on the banking union
    * Why the TikTok era spells trouble for the establishment
    * Smart ring start-up Ōura raises $200mn as valuation leaps to $5.2bn
    * Brevan Howard and Galaxy Digital cash in on crypto boom

 * Tech
   Sections
    * Tech Home
    * Artificial intelligence
    * Semiconductors
    * Cyber Security
    * Social Media
   
   Most Read
    * Smart ring start-up Ōura raises $200mn as valuation leaps to $5.2bn
    * Broadcom chief Hock Tan says AI spending frenzy to continue until end of
      decade
    * Big bets on AI point to venture capital industry’s shift
    * Perplexity’s value triples to $9bn in latest funding round for AI search
      engine
    * US Homeland Security chief warns EU over effort to police AI

 * Markets
   Sections
    * Markets Home
    * Alphaville
    * Markets Data
    * Crypto
    * Capital Markets
    * Commodities
    * Currencies
    * Equities
    * Wealth Management
    * Moral Money
    * ETF Hub
    * Fund Management
    * Trading
   
   Most Read
    * Inside Wall Street’s booming $1tn ‘synthetic risk transfer’ phenomenon
    * Europe wrapped itself in a web of new rules. Can it reverse course?
    * Brevan Howard and Galaxy Digital cash in on crypto boom
    * Investors only have themselves to blame as Jay Powell steals Christmas
    * US long-term bond yields rise to highest level in six months

 * Climate
 * Opinion
   Sections
    * Opinion Home
    * Columnists
    * The FT View
    * The Big Read
    * Lex
    * Obituaries
    * Letters
   
   Most Read
    * Europe must decide on the banking union
    * Why the TikTok era spells trouble for the establishment
    * Investors only have themselves to blame as Jay Powell steals Christmas
    * The great Guinness shortage has lessons for Diageo
    * Time for Keir Starmer to remember he is first lord of the Treasury

 * Lex
 * Work & Careers
   Sections
    * Work & Careers Home
    * Business School Rankings
    * Business Education
    * Europe's Start-Up Hubs
    * Entrepreneurship
    * Recruitment
    * Business Books
    * Business Travel
    * Working It
   
   Most Read
    * Draw your own chart game: how well do you know the jobs market?
    * CEOs are not footballers
    * Lean on me: why leaders need more support

 * Life & Arts
   Sections
    * Life & Arts Home
    * Arts
    * Books
    * Food & Drink
    * FT Magazine
    * House & Home
    * Style
    * Travel
    * FT Globetrotter
   
   Most Read
    * The great Guinness shortage has lessons for Diageo
    * Tore Hattrem, Norway’s ambassador to the UK: ‘We share your eccentric
      humour’
    * What if DogeCoin becomes the US currency? And more of your wild proposals
      answered
    * Upwardly mobile: why billionaires and backcountry skiers are flocking to
      Jackson
    * At 82, Paul McCartney still commands the stage

 * HTSI

Special Report Navigating Cyber Risk
Show articles
 * Currently reading:
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce
 * Is artificial intelligence the solution to cyber security threats?
 * Cyber attacks reveal fragility of financial markets
 * How to negotiate with, and win against, hackers
 * Industrial and energy groups warned of need for stronger cyber defence
 * Cyber attacks are one of the biggest threats facing healthcare systems

Special Report Navigating Cyber Risk
Show articles
 * Currently reading:
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce
 * Is artificial intelligence the solution to cyber security threats?
 * Cyber attacks reveal fragility of financial markets
 * How to negotiate with, and win against, hackers
 * Industrial and energy groups warned of need for stronger cyber defence
 * Cyber attacks are one of the biggest threats facing healthcare systems


Cyber Security

Add to myFT
Get instant alerts for this topic



Manage your delivery channels hereRemove from myFT


HOW TO IMPROVE CYBER RESILIENCE ACROSS YOUR WORKFORCE

A security-focused company culture and clear protocols for staff can help reduce
attacks

Workplace war-games: simulating common cyber security threats can be a good way
to increase employee awareness and responsiveness © Getty Images
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on x (opens in a new
   window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on facebook (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on linkedin (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on whatsapp (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   Save

current progress 0%

 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on x (opens in a new
   window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on facebook (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on linkedin (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce on whatsapp (opens in a
   new window)
 * 
   Save



Nicholas Fearn

January 16 2024
2Print this page
Stay informed with free updates

Simply sign up to the Cyber Security myFT Digest -- delivered directly to your
inbox.

Cyber attacks are increasing both in number and complexity, yet many businesses
are still failing to provide adequate cyber security training for their
employees.

Although British companies experienced 2.39mn cyber attacks over the past year,
only 18 per cent of them provided cyber security training to their staff,
according to the UK government’s 2023 Cyber Security Breaches Survey.



Such a lack of security training often means staff are unequipped to deal with
existing — and emerging — cyber threats. A study by the UK’s Chartered
Management Institute found that just one in 10 managers understood security
basics, such as setting strong passwords and spotting malicious emails.

This knowledge gap persists despite humans playing a role in 74 per cent of
cyber security breaches — according to the Verizon 2023 Data Breach
Investigations Report — for example, by clicking on malicious hyperlinks or
opening documents in phishing emails.

Businesses must therefore view cyber security hygiene as a “top priority” and
develop a “cyber-conscious company culture”, says Tris Morgan, managing director
of security at UK telecoms group BT.

Recommended

Cyber Security
‘Attackers only have to get it right once’: how cyber security burst into the
boardroom


He says companies should provide their staff with regular online safety training
and empower them to make better decisions regarding cyber security risks.



As part of the process, they should promote transparency, so that staff “openly
discuss safety concerns and report these”, while not “apportioning blame to
employees if they fall foul, and celebrating when they do spot a cyberthreat”.
He says companies can complement their cyber security training programmes with
additional protections such as password discipline, secure corporate WiFi,
antivirus and anti-malware software, and virtual private networks.

“Well over half of businesses (61 per cent) in the UK find it challenging to
keep up with cyber security measures,” Morgan adds.

“However, by establishing a cyber-focused company culture and a solid foundation
of security protocols for staff, businesses can boost cyber resilience for the
year ahead.”

An effective cyber security hygiene strategy includes “leadership commitment”,
where executives practise good security habits and “encourage employees to do
the same”, according to Bharat Mistry, technical director at IT security company
Trend Micro.



It is a good idea to “consider restricting access to data and systems, based on
roles and responsibilities — to minimise the impact if one account is
compromised”, as well as performing “regular access reviews” in an attempt to
“ensure privileges remain appropriate”, he advises.

Mistry adds that simulating common cyber security threats, such as phishing
emails, through an interactive training programme can be a good way to increase
employee awareness and responsiveness.

But threats are not always obvious. While it may be easier for staff to spot
phishing emails if they contain spelling mistakes or improper formatting, they
will probably struggle to identify targeted attacks, according to James Watts,
managing director at Databarracks, a business continuity specialist.

“Attackers will research your customers, your suppliers and your staff, and
include this detail to make the emails more convincing,” he explains. “They may
purchase domains to send emails that look like they are from your organisation.”

> Employees don’t tend to circumvent cyber security policies through laziness or
> incompetence, they are often just trying to find the fastest way to do their
> work
> 
> James Watts, Databarracks

Watts says “generic cyber security training” is not enough to counter these
risks, and urges employers to “be clear about what kinds of communications
employees can expect from the organisation” and “what should stick out as
suspicious”.



He also recommends that companies nominate and signpost a specific person or
group who can cross-check and verify suspicious digital activity.

“Employees don’t tend to circumvent cyber security policies through laziness or
incompetence, they are often just trying to find the fastest way to do their
work,” he says. “Make it easy to have potential phishing emails checked and
validated.”

Neil Thacker, Emea chief information security officer at cloud security company
Netskope, warns against developing a yearly cyber security training programme,
because it is unlikely to change employee behaviour or mitigate cyber attacks.

“At a human level, annual training can often be seen as a tedious chore and an
obstacle between the employee and their daily workload,” he says. “At a
corporate level, these training programmes achieve little more than the ticking
of compliance boxes.”

Instead, businesses should offer real-time coaching that will “instantly flag a
high-risk behaviour” and “propose alternative actions for the employee”. This
will help staff “make safer decisions” and ensure businesses can “prevent cyber
incidents the moment the threat occurs”.

As new technologies emerge, the cyber security threat landscape will also
evolve.

Recommended

InterviewCyber warfare
Video: AI & cyber — threat or strategic opportunity?


Catherine Mulligan, a visiting lecturer at Imperial College Business School,
uses the example of generative artificial intelligence potentially exposing
trade secrets.

These new threats require employees “to be adaptable in how they think about
security”, and to consider the “cyber resilience implications of their actions
in all parts of their everyday activities”.

She says companies must ensure that everyone within the organisation develops
“the right mindset” for responding to “entirely new and unknown threats” —
rather than just “known threats” — while ensuring that cyber resilience is
“embedded in every part of a person’s job”.

“Quite simply, even the best-trained cyber security team will be unable to keep
pace with emerging threats — it will require cross-organisational collaboration
and trust,” she concludes.







Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2024. All rights reserved.
Reuse this content (opens in new window) CommentsJump to comments section



PROMOTED CONTENT




EXPLORE THE SERIES

READ MORENavigating Cyber Risk
Is artificial intelligence the solution to cyber security threats?

 * Currently reading:
   How to improve cyber resilience across your workforce
 * Is artificial intelligence the solution to cyber security threats?
 * Cyber attacks reveal fragility of financial markets
 * How to negotiate with, and win against, hackers
 * Industrial and energy groups warned of need for stronger cyber defence
 * Cyber attacks are one of the biggest threats facing healthcare systems




FOLLOW THE TOPICS IN THIS ARTICLE

 * Cyber Security
   
   Add to myFT
 * Technology sector
   
   Add to myFT
 * Companies
   
   Add to myFT
 * Nicholas Fearn
   
   Add to myFT


COMMENTS






USEFUL LINKS


SUPPORT

View Site TipsHelp CentreContact UsAbout UsAccessibilitymyFT
TourCareersSuppliers


LEGAL & PRIVACY

Terms & ConditionsPrivacy PolicyCookie PolicyManage CookiesCopyrightSlavery
Statement & Policies


SERVICES

Share News Tips SecurelyIndividual SubscriptionsProfessional
SubscriptionsRepublishingExecutive Job SearchAdvertise with the FTFollow the FT
on XFT ChannelsFT Schools


TOOLS

PortfolioFT AppFT Digital EditionFT EditAlerts HubBusiness School
RankingsSubscription ManagerNews feedNewslettersCurrency Converter


COMMUNITY & EVENTS

FT Live EventsFT ForumsBoard Director Programme


MORE FROM THE FT GROUP

Markets data delayed by at least 15 minutes. © THE FINANCIAL TIMES LTD 2024. FT
and ‘Financial Times’ are trademarks of The Financial Times Ltd.
The Financial Times and its journalism are subject to a self-regulation regime
under the FT Editorial Code of Practice.


Close side navigation menu
Edition:International

UK
Search the FTSearch

Subscribe for full access


TOP SECTIONS

 * Home
 * WorldShow more World
   * Middle East war
   * Global Economy
   * UK
   * US
   * China
   * Africa
   * Asia Pacific
   * Emerging Markets
   * Europe
   * War in Ukraine
   * Americas
   * Middle East & North Africa
 * USShow more US
   * US Economy
   * Investing in America
   * US Companies
   * US Politics & Policy
   * US Presidential Election 2024
 * CompaniesShow more Companies
   * Energy
   * Financials
   * Health
   * Industrials
   * Media
   * Professional Services
   * Retail & Consumer
   * Tech Sector
   * Telecoms
   * Transport
 * TechShow more Tech
   * Artificial intelligence
   * Semiconductors
   * Cyber Security
   * Social Media
 * MarketsShow more Markets
   * Alphaville
   * Markets Data
   * Crypto
   * Capital Markets
   * Commodities
   * Currencies
   * Equities
   * Wealth Management
   * Moral Money
   * ETF Hub
   * Fund Management
   * Trading
 * Climate
 * OpinionShow more Opinion
   * Columnists
   * The FT View
   * The Big Read
   * Lex
   * Obituaries
   * Letters
 * Lex
 * Work & CareersShow more Work & Careers
   * Business School Rankings
   * Business Education
   * Europe's Start-Up Hubs
   * Entrepreneurship
   * Recruitment
   * Business Books
   * Business Travel
   * Working It
 * Life & ArtsShow more Life & Arts
   * Arts
   * Books
   * Food & Drink
   * FT Magazine
   * House & Home
   * Style
   * Travel
   * FT Globetrotter
 * Personal FinanceShow more Personal Finance
   * Property & Mortgages
   * Investments
   * Pensions
   * Tax
   * Banking & Savings
   * Advice & Comment
   * Next Act
 * HTSI
 * Special Reports


FT RECOMMENDS

 * Alphaville
 * FT Edit
 * Lunch with the FT
 * FT Globetrotter
 * #techAsia
 * Moral Money
 * Visual and data journalism
 * Newsletters
 * Video
 * Podcasts
 * News feed
 * FT Schools
 * FT Live Events
 * FT Forums
 * Board Director Programme

 * myFT
 * Portfolio
 * FT Digital Edition
 * Crossword
 * Our Apps

 * Help Centre
 * Subscribe
 * Sign In