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INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA)

26-08-2023

02:32 PM

1 min read
Prelims: International Relations & Institutions



OVERVIEW:

AN INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA) TEAM RECENTLY ARRIVED IN TOKYO FOR
A FINAL REVIEW BEFORE JAPAN BEGINS RELEASING MASSIVE AMOUNTS OF TREATED
RADIOACTIVE WATER INTO THE SEA FROM THE WRECKED FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR PLANT.


ABOUT INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY (IAEA):

 * It is widely known as the world's "Atoms for Peace and Development"
   organization within the United Nations family.
 * Mandate: It is the world's central intergovernmental forum for scientific and
   technical co-operation in the nuclear field. It works for the safe, secure
   and peaceful uses of nuclear science and technology.
 * History: Though established as an autonomous organisation, independently of
   the United Nations through its own international treaty, the IAEA Statute,
   the IAEA reports to both the United Nations General Assembly and Security
   Council.
 * Headquarters: Vienna, Austria.
 * Functions:
   * The Agency works with its Member States and multiple partners worldwide to
     promote the safe, secure and peaceful use of nuclear technologies.
   * It applies nuclear safeguards – consisting of monitoring, inspection,
     information analysis, and other activities – to verify that nuclear
     activities remain peaceful and detect and deter their diversion, including
     to weapons-related purposes.  
   * In particular, the IAEA implements comprehensive safeguards agreements
     mandated by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), which serve as a
     first line of defense against nuclear weapons proliferation. 
   * IAEA assists its Member States and promotes the exchange of scientific and
     technical information between them.
   * IAEA enhances national, regional, and international capacities to respond
     to nuclear and radiological incidents, which is essential to minimizing
     their impact. 


WHAT IS THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT)?

 * It was an agreement signed in 1968 by several of the major nuclear and
   non-nuclear powers that pledged their cooperation in stemming the spread of
   nuclear technology.
 * With 191 States parties, it is the most widely adhered to treaty in the field
   of nuclear non-proliferation, peaceful uses of nuclear energy and nuclear
   disarmament.
 * Under the NPT, non-nuclear-weapon States parties have committed themselves
   not to manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear
   explosive devices while nuclear-weapon States parties have committed not to
   in any way assist, encourage or induce any non-nuclear-weapon State party to
   manufacture or otherwise acquire nuclear weapons or other nuclear explosive
   devices. 
 * Nuclear-weapon States parties under the Treaty are defined as those that
   manufactured and exploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device
   before 1 January 1967.
 * There are five nuclear-weapon States parties to the Treaty.
 * Only Israel, India, and Pakistan have never been signatories of the Treaty,
   and North Korea withdrew from the Treaty in 2003.

 

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


Q1) WHAT IS THE NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION TREATY (NPT)?

It was an agreement signed in 1968 by several of the major nuclear and
non-nuclear powers that pledged their cooperation in stemming the spread of
nuclear technology.With 191 States parties, it is the most widely adhered to
treaty in the field of nuclear non-proliferation, peaceful uses of nuclear
energy and nuclear disarmament.

Source: IAEA team in Japan for final review Fukushima nuclear plant water

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