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 2. News & Events
 3. Cybersecurity Advisories
 4. ICS Advisory

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ICS Advisory


ARDEREG SISTEMAS SCADA

Release Date
August 31, 2023
Alert Code
ICSA-23-243-01



1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

 * CVSS v3 9.8
 * ATTENTION: Exploitable remotely/low attack complexity
 * Vendor: ARDEREG
 * Equipment: Sistemas SCADA
 * Vulnerability: SQL Injection


2. RISK EVALUATION

Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an attacker to
manipulate SQL query logic to extract sensitive information and perform
unauthorized actions within the database.


3. TECHNICAL DETAILS


3.1 AFFECTED PRODUCTS

The following ARDEREG products are affected: 

 * Sistemas SCADA: Versions 2.203 and prior


3.2 VULNERABILITY OVERVIEW

3.2.1 IMPROPER NEUTRALIZATION OF SPECIAL ELEMENTS USED IN AN SQL COMMAND ('SQL
INJECTION') CWE-89(link is external)

Sistema SCADA Central, a supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA)
system, is designed to monitor and control various industrial processes and
critical infrastructure. ARDEREG identified this SCADA system’s login page to be
vulnerable to an unauthenticated blind SQL injection attack. An attacker could
manipulate the application's SQL query logic to extract sensitive information or
perform unauthorized actions within the database. In this case, the
vulnerability could allow an attacker to execute arbitrary SQL queries through
the login page, potentially leading to unauthorized access, data leakage, or
even disruption of critical industrial processes.

CVE-2023-4485 has been assigned to this vulnerability. A CVSS v3 base score of
9.8 has been calculated; the CVSS vector string is
(AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H(link is external)).


3.3 BACKGROUND

 * CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE SECTORS: Health, Public Health
 * COUNTRIES/AREAS DEPLOYED: South America
 * COMPANY HEADQUARTERS LOCATION: Argentina


3.4 RESEARCHER

Momen Eldawakhly of Samurai Digital Security Ltd. reported this vulnerability to
CISA.


4. MITIGATIONS

ARDEREG is aware of the issue but has not responded to our requests. For more
information, contact ARDEREG by email(link sends email).

ARDEREG recommends the following workarounds to help reduce the risk:

 * Security Awareness and Training: Conduct regular security awareness and
   training sessions for developers, administrators, and other personnel
   involved in the management and operation of the SCADA system. Educate about
   the risks and consequences of SQL injection vulnerabilities and provide
   guidance on secure coding practices, proper input validation, and best
   practices for securely interacting with databases.
 * Regular Security Assessments: Perform regular security assessments, including
   penetration testing and code reviews, to identify and address any
   vulnerabilities in the SCADA system. Conduct internal security audits to
   evaluate the overall security posture and identify any weaknesses an attacker
   could exploit through SQL injection or other attack vectors.
 * Incident Response Plan: Develop and maintain an incident response plan
   specifically tailored to address security incidents related to SQL injection
   and other vulnerabilities in the SCADA system. Establish clear procedures and
   responsibilities for responding to and mitigating security incidents,
   including containment, investigation, and recovery steps.
 * Vendor and Supply Chain Security: Ensure the vendors and suppliers involved
   in the development and maintenance of the SCADA system follow secure coding
   practices and adhere to strict security standards. Regularly evaluate and
   monitor the security practices to minimize the risk of introducing
   vulnerabilities through the supply chain.
 * System Segmentation: Implement network segmentation to isolate the SCADA
   system from other less critical systems or public-facing networks. This
   reduces the attack surface and limits the potential impact of a successful
   SQL injection attack by containing it within a restricted network segment.

CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of
exploitation of this vulnerability. Specifically, users should:

 * Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, and
   ensure they are not accessible from the Internet.
 * Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and
   isolate them from business networks.
 * When remote access is required, use secure methods, such as virtual private
   networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be
   updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as
   secure as its connected devices.

CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment
prior to deploying defensive measures.

CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices
on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber
defense best practices are available for reading and download, including
Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth
Strategies.

Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available
on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper,
ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation
Strategies.

Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established
internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation
against other incidents.

No known public exploitation specifically targeting this vulnerability has been
reported to CISA at this time.

This product is provided subject to this Notification and this Privacy &
Use policy.


PLEASE SHARE YOUR THOUGHTS

We recently updated our anonymous product survey; we’d welcome your feedback.


RELATED ADVISORIES

Aug 31, 2023
ICS Advisory | ICSA-23-243-02


GE DIGITAL CIMPLICITY

Aug 31, 2023
ICS Advisory | ICSA-23-243-03


PTC KEPWARE KEPSERVEREX

Aug 31, 2023
ICS Advisory | ICSA-23-243-04


DIGI REALPORT PROTOCOL

Aug 29, 2023
ICS Advisory | ICSA-23-241-01


PTC CODEBEAMER

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