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Collaboration and teams   |   Collaborate to Grow the Pie, Not Just Split It
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Collaboration and teams


COLLABORATE TO GROW THE PIE, NOT JUST SPLIT IT

This is part of the HBR Insight Center Making Collaboration Work. The NFL is in
the midst of a public and piggish spectacle of billionaires arguing with
millionaires about how to split approximately $10 billion in revenue. This is
time, effort and money merely focused on splitting the pie versus growing the
pie by innovating […]
by
 * Vicki Gardner, Dennis Moore and Eddie Yoon

by
 * Vicki Gardner, Dennis Moore and Eddie Yoon

June 17, 2011
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This is part of the HBR Insight Center Making Collaboration Work.

The NFL is in the midst of a public and piggish spectacle of billionaires
arguing with millionaires about how to split approximately $10 billion in
revenue. This is time, effort and money merely focused on splitting the pie
versus growing the pie by innovating the product for the benefit of all,
especially the fans.

Similar lockouts are played out on a much more frequent basis between the
consumer packaged goods makers and their retail partners. Far too many retailers
and manufacturers opt for pie-splitting instead of collaborating to come up with
pie-growing strategies. Of the billions of dollars spent each year on trade
promotion and innovation, our estimates are that only $1 in every $8 spent on
trade promotion (13%) and $1 in every $20 (5%) generated from innovation
actually grow their respective categories.

The rest of the dollars just shift share from one retailer to another or one
manufacturer to another. These pie-splitting strategies often just drive
short-term, unsustainable results where companies are merely “renting share.”
And in the long-run, too much share stealing without category growth destroys
long-term industry profitability for everyone involved.

The Nielsen Company just completed a macro study analyzing trade promotion
across 30 grocery categories. The findings are surprising. Only 13% of trade
dollars spent actually result in category growth. Instead, 15% of sales driven
by trade promotions result in brand switching (good for the “winning”
manufacturer) and 17% of sales driven by trade promotions result in store
switching (good for the “winning” retailer).

Sadly, the single largest result of trade promotion is subsidized volume at
nearly 55% of all trade spend. This is trade spend where the no new consumers or
incremental units were purchased—instead, customers who would have purchased a
product anyway are being given discounts, gutting profits. One might think that
all consumers would be happy with lower prices, but The Cambridge Group analysis
across dozens of categories shows that the truly price sensitive consumer tends
to be only 10-30% of households. Most consumers actually want new benefits and
innovation and are willing to pay for them.

Regarding innovation, the numbers indicate that the vast majority of innovation
also results in splitting the pie vs. growing the pie — and in some cases,
innovation inadvertently shrinks the pie. Nielsen also looked at sales from new
products in every category within grocery in recent years. In one year $2.7
billion in sales was generated via new products in the grocery channel. But $3.2
billion was lost due to de-listing — meaning failed products that were pulled
from shelves, or products pulled by manufacturers even though some consumers may
have preferred the product — for a net negative of $500 million. Put another
way: for every incremental $1.00 gained from a new product, $1.20 was lost due
to de-listing.

So is growing the pie an impossible task? No, but manufacturers and retailers
have to collaborate more upfront on shopper and innovation strategies.

Consider one example. Over the last five years, Jimmy Dean’s has expanded its
frame of reference beyond just breakfast sausage into convenient breakfast meals
that provide longer lasting energy — a niche that delivers a breakfast like what
you’d get at a fast-food restaurant with sausage at its center. In that time,
Jimmy Dean’s tripled its frozen breakfast sales with $200 million in incremental
sales. But the category overall grew from $1.2 billion to $1.5 billion, with
Jimmy Dean’s driving nearly two-thirds of all the growth. It’s a great example
of what can happen when manufacturers and retailers stop fighting over splitting
the pie and instead find a way to increase the share — in this case by stealing
sales that might otherwise have gone to fast food establishments.

The path to pie-growing strategies centers on better innovation. When
manufacturers create innovation that drives category growth, there is less need
to drive unhelpful trade promotion.

First, innovation leaders at manufacturers need to redefine success. Too often
manufacturers aim for $50 million+ ideas without regard as to where the
additional revenue originated. Ideally it comes from category growth. If it
comes from a competitor’s share or, even worse, cannibalizing a product in its
own portfolio, it’s a less effective innovation. Innovations that grow the pie
allow the manufacturer to benefit disproportionately — and the retailer will be
fully supportive, since it grows sales instead of reapportioning existing
shares. Our collective experience is that innovations that are truly
differentiated and are appealing enough to command pricing power have a much
greater chance of growing the category sales and margin.

Second, innovation leaders need to better collaborate across marketing and sales
functions within their organizations and with retailers to not just hand off
innovations, but get roll up their sleeves into the trenches of retail execution
and category growth. How can this innovation drive incremental trips to the
store? How can this build baskets for the retailers? What SKUs will be deleted
to make room? What is the optimal shelf-spacing, assortment and merchandising?

Finally, as is the case with any real collaboration, greater honesty and
accountability is required from both manufacturers and retailers about
innovation. At a recent summit of top retailers and CPG manufacturers, several
executives were refreshingly candid about the innovation charade that goes on
every year. The executive noted that manufacturers constantly launch new
products that they know in their heart of hearts aren’t worthy (not
differentiated, not worthy of a price premium, not likely to grow the category),
but they go ahead because they complain retailers want ‘new news’. Retailers
constantly accept innovations that they also secretly believe aren’t really that
good, but they do so because they don’t want to be the first one to say the
emperor has no clothes.

Fundamentally, the issues are rooted in our culture of competition and the need
for more courage to collaborate. Pie-splitting as a growth strategy is
attractive because it is more familiar and easier. For many of us it is deeply
ingrained that for one to win, the other has to lose. Pie-growing is not only
more foreign, it also takes more courage as it is a more uncertain and messier.
It also takes more creativity, as well as an ability to stand in your partner’s
shoes. We expect the best retailers will sync up with the best manufacturers and
lead the way, as it is way more fun to work in a growth category. Hopefully a
new, mutually beneficial way of working together will emerge — just in time for
a full NFL season.

Vicki Gardner is SVP of Product Innovation Services for The Nielsen Company.
Dennis Moore is President of Advanced Analytics for The Nielsen Company.
Eddie Yoon is a Principal with The Cambridge Group.

Read more on Collaboration and teams
 * VG
   Vicki Gardner is SVP of Product Innovation Services for The Nielsen Company.
   Dennis Moore is President of Advanced Analytics for The Nielsen Company.
   Eddie Yoon is a Principal with The Cambridge Group.

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