www.amazon.in Open in urlscan Pro
2a02:26f0:2780:49a::3bda  Public Scan

URL: https://www.amazon.in/Just-Violence-Torture-Stanford-Studies/dp/0804794715
Submission: On January 03 via api from US — Scanned from DE

Form analysis 6 forms found in the DOM

Name: site-searchGET /s/ref=nb_sb_noss

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          <i class="nav-icon"></i>
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        <label id="searchDropdownDescription" for="searchDropdownBox" class="nav-progressive-attribute" style="display:none">Select the department you want to search in</label>
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          <option value="search-alias=dvd">Movies &amp; TV Shows</option>
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          <option value="search-alias=popular">Music</option>
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          <option value="search-alias=instant-video">Prime Video</option>
          <option value="search-alias=shoes">Shoes &amp; Handbags</option>
          <option value="search-alias=software">Software</option>
          <option value="search-alias=sporting">Sports, Fitness &amp; Outdoors</option>
          <option value="search-alias=specialty-aps-sns">Subscribe &amp; Save</option>
          <option value="search-alias=home-improvement">Tools &amp; Home Improvement</option>
          <option value="search-alias=toys">Toys &amp; Games</option>
          <option value="search-alias=under-ten-dollars">Under ₹500</option>
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        <label for="twotabsearchtextbox" style="display: none;">Search Amazon.in</label>
        <input type="text" id="twotabsearchtextbox" value="" name="field-keywords" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Search Amazon.in" class="nav-input nav-progressive-attribute" dir="auto" tabindex="0" aria-label="Search Amazon.in" role="searchbox"
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    <div id="nav-iss-attach"></div>
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        <input id="nav-search-submit-button" type="submit" class="nav-input nav-progressive-attribute" value="Go" tabindex="0">
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</form>

POST /gp/product/handle-buy-box/ref=dp_start-bbf_1_glance

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                  <div class="a-section a-spacing-none aok-align-center aok-relative"> <span class="aok-offscreen"> ₹8,011.00 with 16 percent savings </span> <span aria-hidden="true"
                      class="a-size-large a-color-price savingPriceOverride aok-align-center reinventPriceSavingsPercentageMargin savingsPercentage">-16%</span> <span class="a-price aok-align-center reinventPricePriceToPayMargin priceToPay"
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                  <div class="a-section a-spacing-small aok-align-center"> <span> <span class="aok-relative"><span class="a-size-small aok-offscreen"> M.R.P.: ₹9,535.00 </span><span aria-hidden="true"
                          class="a-size-small a-color-secondary aok-align-center basisPrice">M.R.P.: <span class="a-price a-text-price" data-a-size="s" data-a-strike="true" data-a-color="secondary"><span class="a-offscreen">₹9,535</span><span
                              aria-hidden="true">₹9,535</span></span> </span></span> <span class="a-size-small aok-align-center basisPriceLegalMessage">
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                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="amazonGlobal_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="amazonGlobal" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="amazonGlobal" data-csa-c-slot-id="amazonGlobal_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="uhengh-v1am8c-az5zyk-9ky5lj" data-cel-widget="amazonGlobal_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="couponsInBuybox_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="couponsInBuybox" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="couponsInBuybox" data-csa-c-slot-id="couponsInBuybox_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="y1p8n2-t43kfg-xtoiob-motj0g" data-cel-widget="couponsInBuybox_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="deliveryBlockContainer" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="deliveryBlockContainer" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="deliveryBlockContainer" data-csa-c-slot-id="deliveryBlockContainer"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="ifhj9y-e1pzcz-gbraa-vf3g57" data-cel-widget="deliveryBlockContainer">
                <div id="deliveryBlock_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="deliveryBlock" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="deliveryBlock" data-csa-c-slot-id="deliveryBlock_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                  data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="5buk7b-8gi0vs-9ic125-5nzn0w" data-cel-widget="deliveryBlock_feature_div">
                  <div id="deliveryBlockMessage" class="a-section a-spacing-none">
                    <div id="mir-layout-DELIVERY_BLOCK">
                      <div class="a-spacing-base" id="mir-layout-DELIVERY_BLOCK-slot-PRIMARY_DELIVERY_MESSAGE_LARGE"><span data-csa-c-type="element" data-csa-c-content-id="DEXUnifiedCXPDM" data-csa-c-delivery-price="₹15"
                          data-csa-c-value-proposition="" data-csa-c-delivery-type="delivery" data-csa-c-delivery-time="28 - 29 January" data-csa-c-delivery-destination="" data-csa-c-delivery-condition="" data-csa-c-pickup-location=""
                          data-csa-c-distance="" data-csa-c-delivery-cutoff="Order within 10 hrs 15 mins" data-csa-c-mir-view="CONSOLIDATED_CX" data-csa-c-mir-type="DELIVERY" data-csa-c-mir-sub-type="" data-csa-c-mir-variant="DEFAULT"
                          data-csa-c-delivery-benefit-program-id="pure_mfn" data-csa-c-id="90xtbo-2oi0h9-9wd6gc-aidlgi"> ₹15 delivery <span class="a-text-bold">28 - 29 January</span>. Order within <span id="ftCountdown"
                            class="ftCountdownClass a-color-success">10 hrs 15 mins</span>.
                          <a aria-label="learn more about delivery costs and shipping methods" target="_blank" href="/gp/help/customer/display.html/ref=ddm_not_ft_dp?nodeId=200534000" data-a-atomic-interop="" data-a-component="text-link">Details</a>
                        </span></div>
                    </div>
                  </div> <input type="hidden" id="deliveryBlockSelectAsin" value="0804794715">
                  <input type="hidden" id="deliveryBlockSelectMerchant" value="AAEHXJUTUR97E">
                  <script type="text/javascript">
                    P.when("A", "jQuery").execute(function(A, $) {
                      $("#selectQuantity [name='quantity'], #mobileQuantityDropDown").live("change", function(event) {
                        if (event.updateDeliveryBlockOnQuantityChange) {
                          return;
                        }
                        event.updateDeliveryBlockOnQuantityChange = 1;
                        // "#buybox" is included in this list because if there is no accordion row, then it is a single-offer layout
                        // possible id's may include "usedAccordionRow", "newAccordionRow_1", "newAccordionRow_2"
                        var accordionRow = $(this).closest('[id$="AccordionRow"], #buybox, [id^="newAccordionRow"]');
                        var quantity = $(this).val();
                        var asin = accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockSelectAsin").val();
                        var merchantId = accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockSelectMerchant").val();
                        if (!asin || !merchantId) {
                          return;
                        }
                        var params = [];
                        params.push("asin=" + asin);
                        params.push("quantity=" + quantity);
                        params.push("exclusiveMerchantId=" + merchantId);
                        params.push("merchantId=" + merchantId);
                        params.push("clientId=retailwebsite");
                        params.push("deviceType=web");
                        params.push("showFeatures=deliveryBlock");
                        params.push("ie=UTF8");
                        params.push("experienceId=deliveryBlockQuantityRefreshAjaxExperience");
                        // Weblab gated addition of Locale and OfferListingId to QuantityRefresh request
                        var addLParamsToQuantityRefreshWeblabFlag = false;
                        if (addLParamsToQuantityRefreshWeblabFlag) {
                          var locale = accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockSelectLocale").val();
                          var offerListingId = accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockSelectOfferListingId").val();
                          // Only add language param if locale is non-null
                          if (locale) {
                            params.push("language=" + locale);
                          }
                          // Only add offerListingId param if value is non-null
                          if (offerListingId) {
                            params.push("offerListingId=" + offerListingId);
                          }
                        }
                        $.ajax({
                          type: "GET",
                          url: "/gp/product/ajax?",
                          contentType: 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8',
                          data: params.join('&'),
                          accordionRow: accordionRow,
                          dataType: "html",
                          success: function(objResponse) {
                            // add weblab gating?
                            if (objResponse != null && objResponse != "") {
                              // parse objResponse and extract it into DB Small and DB Large
                              // The specific string to split the HTML content
                              // Split the HTML content using the separator
                              var htmlContentArray = objResponse.split("##split##");
                              var objResponseDbLarge = htmlContentArray[0];
                              var objResponseDbSmall = htmlContentArray[1];
                              // null checks
                              if (objResponseDbLarge != null && objResponseDbLarge != "") {
                                accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockMessage").replaceWith(objResponseDbLarge);
                              }
                              if (objResponseDbSmall != null && objResponseDbSmall != "") {
                                accordionRow.find("#deliveryBlockSmallMessage").replaceWith(objResponseDbSmall);
                              }
                            }
                          }
                        });
                        return;
                      });
                    });
                  </script>
                </div>
                <div id="cipInsideDeliveryBlock_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="cipInsideDeliveryBlock" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="cipInsideDeliveryBlock" data-csa-c-slot-id="cipInsideDeliveryBlock_feature_div"
                  data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="85o6l4-f7luo2-f8aypm-6b4t78" data-cel-widget="cipInsideDeliveryBlock_feature_div">
                  <span class="a-declarative" data-action="dpContextualIngressPt" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-dpContextualIngressPt" data-dpcontextualingresspt="{}" data-csa-c-id="fpqlj1-gl1cc4-5jksf2-i6l7vw"> <a id="contextualIngressPtLink" aria-label="Delivering to Mumbai 400001 - Update location" class="a-link-normal" href="#" role="button"> <div aria-hidden="true" class="a-row a-spacing-small"> <div class="a-column a-span12 a-text-left"> <div id="contextualIngressPt">
                        <div id="contextualIngressPtPin"></div>
                        <span id="contextualIngressPtLabel" class="cip-a-size-small">
                            <div id="contextualIngressPtLabel_deliveryShortLine">Delivering to Mumbai 400001 - Update location</div>
                        </span>
                    </div>
                </div> </div> </a> </span>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="deliveryPromiseInsideBuyBox_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="deliveryPromiseInsideBuyBox" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="deliveryPromiseInsideBuyBox"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="deliveryPromiseInsideBuyBox_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="dh9jvi-58wuc6-mw30td-x9h7qm"
                data-cel-widget="deliveryPromiseInsideBuyBox_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="promiseBasedBadgeInsideBuyBox_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="promiseBasedBadgeInsideBuyBox" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="promiseBasedBadgeInsideBuyBox"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="promiseBasedBadgeInsideBuyBox_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="hb7sc7-skcf4y-f0qh25-mkj27y"
                data-cel-widget="promiseBasedBadgeInsideBuyBox_feature_div">
                <div class="a-section a-spacing-micro">
                  <div class="a-row">
                    <div class="a-column a-span12 a-text-left"> </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="addOnMessage_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addOnMessage" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addOnMessage" data-csa-c-slot-id="addOnMessage_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="6qti4h-4779md-xr77kx-lnj2q6" data-cel-widget="addOnMessage_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="availabilityInsideBuyBox_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="availabilityInsideBuyBox" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="availabilityInsideBuyBox"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="availabilityInsideBuyBox_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="tvmncp-tud3z9-3yc2l8-5lq6n2" data-cel-widget="availabilityInsideBuyBox_feature_div">
                <div class="a-section">
                  <div id="availability" class="a-section a-spacing-none a-spacing-top-micro }"> <span class="a-size-medium a-color-state"> </span> </div>
                  <div class="a-section a-spacing-none"> </div>
                  <div class="a-section a-spacing-mini"> </div>
                  <style>
                    .availabilityMoreDetailsIcon {
                      width: 12px;
                      vertical-align: baseline;
                      fill: #969696;
                    }
                  </style>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="alternativeProductMessage_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="alternativeProductMessage" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="alternativeProductMessage"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="alternativeProductMessage_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="4gdq7f-g9z8n6-rh0txw-3nx6qe" data-cel-widget="alternativeProductMessage_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="globalStoreBadgePopoverInsideBuybox_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="globalStoreBadgePopoverInsideBuybox" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="globalStoreBadgePopoverInsideBuybox"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="globalStoreBadgePopoverInsideBuybox_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="2qda9c-z5ge7q-7ajgo7-3qeor7"
                data-cel-widget="globalStoreBadgePopoverInsideBuybox_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="quantityRelocate_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="quantityRelocate" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="quantityRelocate" data-csa-c-slot-id="quantityRelocate_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="4mub5e-snrlzg-ncuf5z-6int89" data-cel-widget="quantityRelocate_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="soldByThirdPartyRelocate_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="soldByThirdPartyRelocate" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="soldByThirdPartyRelocate"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="soldByThirdPartyRelocate_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="fkxw5k-cj73ss-mutar-rc8p0b" data-cel-widget="soldByThirdPartyRelocate_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="twisterPlusPriceSubtotalWWDesktop_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="twisterPlusPriceSubtotalWWDesktop" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="twisterPlusPriceSubtotalWWDesktop"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="twisterPlusPriceSubtotalWWDesktop_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="uxhu5c-tzachx-wriexi-uzoxkc"
                data-cel-widget="twisterPlusPriceSubtotalWWDesktop_feature_div">
                <input type="hidden" id="twister-plus-price-data-price" value="8011">
                <input type="hidden" id="twister-plus-price-data-savings" value="0">
                <input type="hidden" id="twister-plus-price-data-price-unit" value="₹">
                <div id="tp_price_update_feature_ww" class="a-section price-update-feature-ww aok-hidden">
                  <div id="tp_price_row_ww" class="a-section a-spacing-small price-update-row-ww aok-hidden"> <span id="price_block_currency_symbol_ww" class="a-size-medium a-price-symbol">₹</span><!--Adding space based
 on hasSpace --><!--To remove span
    space--><!--To remove
span space--><span class="a-size-medium a-text-bold"><!--To
remove span space--><span id="tp_price_block_total_price_ww" class="a-price" data-a-size="m" data-a-color="base"><span class="a-offscreen">₹8,011.00</span><span aria-hidden="true"><span class="a-price-symbol"></span><span
                            class="a-price-whole">8,011<span class="a-price-decimal">.</span></span><span class="a-price-fraction">00</span></span></span><!--To remove
span space--></span><!--To remove
span space--> <span id="tp-price-update-payment-period" class="a-size-medium a-color-price aok-hidden"> <span id="tp-price-update-payment-term"></span> (<span id="tp-price-update-payment-term-length"></span>) </span> <span id="tp_options_detail"
                      class="a-size-base aok-hidden"> Includes selected options. </span> <span id="tp_monthly_options_detail" class="a-size-base aok-hidden"> Includes initial monthly payment and selected options. </span> <span class="a-size-base">
                      <span class="a-declarative" data-action="a-popover" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-a-popover"
                        data-a-popover="{&quot;closeButton&quot;:&quot;false&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;twisterPlusPopOver&quot;,&quot;activate&quot;:&quot;onmouseover&quot;,&quot;width&quot;:&quot;350px&quot;,&quot;position&quot;:&quot;triggerLeft&quot;}"
                        data-csa-c-id="a4zht9-bc3xjx-r5ae5i-ga3t9l"> <span cssclass="celwidget" cel_widget_id="twisterPlus-celwidget-popover">
                          <a id="price_block_total_price_details_ww" class="a-link-normal" href="#"> Details </a> </span>
                      </span>
                      <div class="a-popover-preload" id="a-popover-twisterPlusPopOver">
                        <div id="twister-plus-popover-inner" class="a-section">
                          <div id="twister-plus-tool-tip" class="a-section twister-plus-tool-tip-container">
                            <div id="tp-tool-tip-price-section" class="a-section a-spacing-base a-spacing-top-base">
                              <div id="tp-tool-tip-price-block" class="a-fixed-right-grid a-spacing-small">
                                <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-inner" style="padding-right:110px">
                                  <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-left" style="padding-right:4%;float:left;"> <span id="display-string" class="a-size-base">Price</span> <span class="a-size-base tp-tool-tip-quantity-block aok-hidden"> <span
                                        class="a-offscreen"></span> <span aria-hidden="true"> <span> (</span><!-- Adding comment to avoid span
                        space--><!-- Adding comment to avoid span
                        space--><span class="a-price-symbol">₹</span><!-- Adding space based on
                        hasSpace--><!-- To remove span
                        space--><!-- To remove span
                        space--><span class="a-price-whole">8,011<span class="a-price-decimal">.</span></span><span class="a-price-fraction">00</span><!-- To remove span
                        space--><!-- Adding comment to avoid span
                        space--><span>x<span id="tp-item-quantity"></span>)</span> </span> </span> </div>
                                  <div class="a-text-right a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-right" style="width:110px;margin-right:-110px;float:left;"> <span id="tp-tool-tip-price" class="a-size-base twister-plus-price-template"> <span
                                        class="a-offscreen"></span> <span aria-hidden="true"> <span id="price-sign-string" class="a-size-base"></span> <span class="a-price-symbol">₹</span><!-- Adding space based on
                 hasSpace--><!-- To remove span
                space--><!-- To remove span
                space--><span class="a-price-whole">8,011<span class="a-price-decimal">.</span></span><span class="a-price-fraction">00</span><!-- To remove span
                space--> </span> </span> </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                            </div>
                            <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                            <div id="twister-plus-tool-tip-subtotal-section" class="a-section a-spacing-base">
                              <div id="tp-tool-tip-subtotal-price-block" class="a-fixed-right-grid a-spacing-small">
                                <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-inner" style="padding-right:110px">
                                  <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-left" style="padding-right:4%;float:left;"> <span id="display-string" class="a-size-base">Subtotal</span> </div>
                                  <div class="a-text-right a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-right" style="width:110px;margin-right:-110px;float:left;"> <span class="a-size-medium twister-plus-subtotal-price-template"> <span
                                        id="tp-tool-tip-subtotal-price-currency-symbol" class="a-size-medium a-price-symbol">₹</span><!-- Adding space based on
            hasSpace--><!--To remove span
            space--><!--To remove span
            space--><span class="a-size-medium a-text-bold"><!--To
                    remove span space--><span id="tp-tool-tip-subtotal-price-value" class="a-price" data-a-size="m" data-a-color="base"><span class="a-offscreen">₹8,011.00</span><span aria-hidden="true"><span class="a-price-symbol"></span><span
                                              class="a-price-whole">8,011<span class="a-price-decimal">.</span></span><span class="a-price-fraction">00</span></span></span><!--To remove span
            space--></span><!--To remove span
            space--> </span> </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                              <div id="tp-tool-tip-monthly-payment-subtotal-price-block" class="a-fixed-right-grid aok-hidden a-spacing-small">
                                <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-inner" style="padding-right:110px">
                                  <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-left" style="padding-right:4%;float:left;"> <span id="display-string" class="a-size-base">Subtotal</span> </div>
                                  <div id="tp-monthly-payment-subtotal-price" class="a-text-right a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-right" style="width:110px;margin-right:-110px;float:left;"> </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                              <div id="twister-plus-order-level-monthly-payments-section" class="a-section aok-hidden">
                                <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                                <div id="tp-tool-tip-order-level-monthly-payments-price-block" class="a-fixed-right-grid a-spacing-small">
                                  <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-inner" style="padding-right:110px">
                                    <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-left" style="padding-right:4%;float:left;"> <span id="display-string" class="a-size-base a-text-bold"></span> </div>
                                    <div id="tp-order-level-monthly-payment-subtotal-price" class="a-text-right a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-right" style="width:110px;margin-right:-110px;float:left;"> </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                              <div id="twister-plus-item-level-monthly-payments-section" class="a-section aok-hidden">
                                <hr id="twister-plus-monthly-payments-divider" aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                                <div id="tp-monthly-payments-breakdown-section" class="a-section"> <span class="a-text-bold">Initial payment breakdown</span> </div>
                                <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                                <div id="tp-tool-tip-item-level-monthly-payments-price-block" class="a-fixed-right-grid a-spacing-small">
                                  <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-inner" style="padding-right:110px">
                                    <div class="a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-left" style="padding-right:0%;float:left;"> </div>
                                    <div id="tp-item-level-monthly-payment-subtotal-price" class="a-text-right a-fixed-right-grid-col a-col-right" style="width:110px;margin-right:-110px;float:left;"> </div>
                                  </div>
                                </div>
                              </div>
                              <div id="tp-tool-tip-footnote-section" class="a-section a-spacing-small"> <span id="tp-footnote-text" class="a-size-small a-color-secondary">Shipping cost, delivery date and order total (including tax) shown at
                                  checkout.</span> <br>
                              </div>
                              <div id="tp-tool-tip-strings" class="a-section a-spacing-small aok-hidden"> <span id="tp-tool-tip-item-strings" data-item-count-plural-template=" (###itemQuantity items)"
                                  data-item-count-singular-template=" (###itemQuantity item)"> </span> <span id="tp-tool-tip-footnote-string" data-monthly-payment-footnote-template="Monthly payments apply to the main item only, not to enhancements.">
                                </span> </div>
                            </div>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </span> </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="gestalt_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="gestalt" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="gestalt" data-csa-c-slot-id="gestalt_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="6wjchu-iw013t-5nkioj-8eipgl" data-cel-widget="gestalt_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="addToCart_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addToCart" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addToCart" data-csa-c-slot-id="addToCart_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="f47nug-wlj878-qbfqd7-2xhr2a" data-cel-widget="addToCart_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="buyNow_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="buyNow" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="buyNow" data-csa-c-slot-id="buyNow_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="xy02fx-wvkohg-i9zn31-9ocylm" data-cel-widget="buyNow_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabularSecureTransaction" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabularSecureTransaction"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="wdcyc2-kaaxud-rqfr43-51q0kz" data-cel-widget="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="tabular_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabular" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabular" data-csa-c-slot-id="tabular_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="va3e2q-4x9q1n-vzsyca-5jdxcv" data-cel-widget="tabular_feature_div">
                <div id="tabular-buybox" data-csa-c-content-id="main-container" data-csa-c-slot-id="odf-desktop-loaded" data-csa-c-type="widget" class="a-section a-spacing-base tabular-buybox" data-csa-c-id="dnw53o-j90l0h-ibcygc-cfo2mx">
                  <div class="tabular-buybox-container">
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-label" tabular-attribute-name="Payment">
                      <div class="a-spacing-none">
                        <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary">Payment</span>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-text" tabular-attribute-name="Payment">
                      <span class="a-declarative" data-action="a-popover" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-a-popover"
                        data-a-popover="{&quot;max-width&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;name&quot;:&quot;tabularSecureTransactionPopover&quot;,&quot;activate&quot;:&quot;onmouseover&quot;,&quot;position&quot;:&quot;triggerBottom&quot;}"
                        data-csa-c-id="mot8ch-fzm5py-kb6sea-tmzx2s">
                        <a data-csa-c-content-id="secure-transaction-feature" data-csa-c-slot-id="odf-desktop-secure-transaction-anchor-text" data-csa-c-type="widget" class="a-link-normal a-popover-trigger a-declarative" href="javascript:void(0)" role="button" data-csa-c-id="vxbb8h-s1g5ix-j3jr1h-8w91j7">  <span class="a-size-small tabular-buybox-text-message">Secure transaction</span> </a>
                      </span>
                      <div class="a-popover-preload" id="a-popover-tabularSecureTransactionPopover">
                        <div data-csa-c-content-id="secure-transaction-feature" data-csa-c-slot-id="odf-desktop-secure-transaction-popover-description" data-csa-c-type="widget" class="a-section a-padding-base"
                          data-csa-c-id="dhpgh6-kdzgwc-i20gi8-qbkrw">
                          <div class="a-row a-spacing-base"> <span class="a-text-bold">Your transaction is secure</span> </div>
                          <div class="a-row a-spacing-micro"> <span>We work hard to protect your security and privacy. Our payment security system encrypts your information during transmission. We don’t share your credit card details with third-party
                              sellers, and we don’t sell your information to others.</span>
                            <a id="tabular-secure-transaction-link-text" class="a-link-normal a-nowrap" target="_blank" href="/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=202115020"> Learn more </a> </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-label" tabular-attribute-name="Ships from">
                      <div class="a-spacing-none">
                        <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary">Ships from</span>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-text" tabular-attribute-name="Ships from">
                      <div class="tabular-buybox-text a-spacing-none">
                        <span class="a-size-small tabular-buybox-text-message">Sunrise Book store</span>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-label" tabular-attribute-name="Sold by">
                      <div class="a-spacing-none">
                        <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary">Sold by</span>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                    <div class="tabular-buybox-text" tabular-attribute-name="Sold by">
                      <div class="tabular-buybox-text a-spacing-none">
                        <span
                          class="a-size-small tabular-buybox-text-message"><a href="/gp/help/seller/at-a-glance.html/ref=dp_merchant_link?ie=UTF8&amp;seller=AAEHXJUTUR97E&amp;asin=0804794715&amp;ref_=dp_merchant_link" id="sellerProfileTriggerId">Sunrise Book store</a></span>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <div id="tabular-buybox-show-more" class="a-section a-spacing-none aok-hidden tabular-buybox-show-more">
                    <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-mini a-spacing-top-mini a-divider-normal"> <span class="a-declarative" data-action="show-tabular-buybox-side-sheet" data-csa-c-type="widget"
                      data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-show-tabular-buybox-side-sheet" data-show-tabular-buybox-side-sheet="{}" data-csa-c-id="qgdhkr-s4p8c2-ba2r6v-kpwf7y"> <a class="a-size-small a-link-normal" href="#">Details</a> </span>
                  </div>
                </div>
                <div id="tabular-buybox-side-sheet-content" class="a-section a-padding-large">
                  <div class="a-fixed-left-grid a-spacing-small">
                    <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-inner" style="padding-left:130px">
                      <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-label-column a-col-left" style="width:130px;margin-left:-130px;float:left;"> <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary"> Payment </span> </div>
                      <div data-side-sheet-attribute-name="Payment" class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-content-column a-col-right" style="padding-left:0%;float:left;">
                        <div class="a-row">
                          <div class="a-row a-spacing-micro"> <span class="a-size-small">Secure transaction</span> </div>
                          <div class="a-row a-spacing-micro"> <span class="a-size-small">We work hard to protect your security and privacy. Our payment security system encrypts your information during transmission. We don’t share your credit card
                              details with third-party sellers, and we don’t sell your information to others.</span>
                            <a class="a-link-normal a-nowrap" target="_blank" href="/gp/help/customer/display.html?nodeId=202115020"> <span class="a-size-small">Learn more</span> </a> </div>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                  <div class="a-fixed-left-grid a-spacing-small">
                    <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-inner" style="padding-left:130px">
                      <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-label-column a-col-left" style="width:130px;margin-left:-130px;float:left;"> <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary"> Ships from </span> </div>
                      <div data-side-sheet-attribute-name="Ships from" class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-content-column a-col-right" style="padding-left:0%;float:left;">
                        <div class="a-row"> <span class="a-size-small">Sunrise Book store</span> </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                  <div class="a-fixed-left-grid a-spacing-small">
                    <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-inner" style="padding-left:130px">
                      <div class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-label-column a-col-left" style="width:130px;margin-left:-130px;float:left;"> <span class="a-size-small a-color-tertiary"> Sold by </span> </div>
                      <div data-side-sheet-attribute-name="Sold by" class="a-fixed-left-grid-col tabular-buybox-sidesheet-content-column a-col-right" style="padding-left:0%;float:left;">
                        <div class="a-row"> <span
                            class="a-size-small"><a href="/gp/help/seller/at-a-glance.html/ref=dp_merchant_link?ie=UTF8&amp;seller=AAEHXJUTUR97E&amp;asin=0804794715&amp;ref_=dp_merchant_link" id="sellerProfileTriggerId" target="_blank">Sunrise Book store</a></span>
                        </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                  <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-small a-divider-normal">
                </div> <span class="a-declarative" data-action="close-tabular-buybox-side-sheet" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-close-tabular-buybox-side-sheet" data-close-tabular-buybox-side-sheet="{}"
                  data-csa-c-id="qukzqx-zh9oz-8vj661-vt2py7">
                  <div id="tabular-buybox-background" class="a-section aok-hidden tabular-buybox-darken-background"> <span tabindex="0">
                      <i id="tabular-buybox-close-icon" class="a-icon a-icon-close a-icon-medium tabular-buybox-close-button" role="img" aria-label="tabular-close"></i> </span>
                  </div>
                </span>
              </div>
              <div id="tabularSFSB_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabularSFSB" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabularSFSB" data-csa-c-slot-id="tabularSFSB_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="r24kqn-ic7psy-eojqr2-pm5zn0" data-cel-widget="tabularSFSB_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="sfsbLegalMessage_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="sfsbLegalMessage" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="sfsbLegalMessage" data-csa-c-slot-id="sfsbLegalMessage_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="fsrvc1-w7qrs2-t52n2j-45qk7u" data-cel-widget="sfsbLegalMessage_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="addonItems_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addonItems" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addonItems" data-csa-c-slot-id="addonItems_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="44swtp-vac8pr-6rkeut-yiceg9" data-cel-widget="addonItems_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="tabularSellerCertifications_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabularSellerCertifications" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabularSellerCertifications"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="tabularSellerCertifications_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="kj02hw-ibyt4h-x9w361-q7nhso"
                data-cel-widget="tabularSellerCertifications_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="tabularPackaging_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabularPackaging" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabularPackaging" data-csa-c-slot-id="tabularPackaging_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="narzzq-cq14ci-k67m9a-j9tc8x" data-cel-widget="tabularPackaging_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="hbaLabel_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="hbaLabel" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="hbaLabel" data-csa-c-slot-id="hbaLabel_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="4taqm3-d4v27q-d3g3q7-i04qke" data-cel-widget="hbaLabel_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="tradeInInstantSavings_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tradeInInstantSavings" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tradeInInstantSavings" data-csa-c-slot-id="tradeInInstantSavings_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="1hhs18-46fe5o-56iz3n-uomllz" data-cel-widget="tradeInInstantSavings_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="quantityLayoutHigh_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="quantityLayoutHigh" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="quantityLayoutHigh" data-csa-c-slot-id="quantityLayoutHigh_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="ombmfc-9k9ot3-mz3ccx-i3mzj" data-cel-widget="quantityLayoutHigh_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="bbop_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="bbop" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="bbop" data-csa-c-slot-id="bbop_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false"
                data-csa-c-id="79x9ci-17xkn4-vh6g9p-ml5ky0" data-cel-widget="bbop_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="voltageCompliance_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="voltageCompliance" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="voltageCompliance" data-csa-c-slot-id="voltageCompliance_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="kmzkk4-t39zhl-dq7dui-uudh7y" data-cel-widget="voltageCompliance_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="businessPricing_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="businessPricing" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="businessPricing" data-csa-c-slot-id="businessPricing_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="ohqrd9-kqn30d-ntbeds-h1qjwj" data-cel-widget="businessPricing_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="soldByThirdParty_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="soldByThirdParty" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="soldByThirdParty" data-csa-c-slot-id="soldByThirdParty_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="mhs498-vq4ail-a3kcd-9kk3vo" data-cel-widget="soldByThirdParty_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="scheduledDelivery_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="scheduledDelivery" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="scheduledDelivery" data-csa-c-slot-id="scheduledDelivery_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="voel5w-n5saa0-ljyvh5-7ehz3s" data-cel-widget="scheduledDelivery_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="mbb_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="mbb" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="mbb" data-csa-c-slot-id="mbb_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false"
                data-csa-c-id="2clnpd-cbdtvm-8hfl9w-nhrvf2" data-cel-widget="mbb_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="desktop_productInsurance_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="desktop_productInsurance" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="desktop_productInsurance"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="desktop_productInsurance_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="bnmd6p-mithgb-of5u22-ykrg8c" data-cel-widget="desktop_productInsurance_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="quantityLayoutLow_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="quantityLayoutLow" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="quantityLayoutLow" data-csa-c-slot-id="quantityLayoutLow_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="s4sb0-p2k43b-n4z861-st9gkh" data-cel-widget="quantityLayoutLow_feature_div">
                <div class="a-row a-spacing-top-small">
                  <div class="a-column a-span12 a-text-left">
                    <style type="text/css">
                      /* Adding this CSS to overridden the green badging styles */
                      #bmsmMessaging span.a-text-bold {
                        font-weight: normal !important;
                        background-color: #7fda69;
                        padding: 2px 6px;
                      }

                      #bmsmMessaging {
                        font-weight: normal !important;
                        margin-bottom: 12px !important;
                        text-align: left;
                        display: none;
                      }

                      /* Only display quantity discount on qualified buy box; excluding pickup and other buy box */
                      #qualifiedBuybox #bmsmMessaging {
                        display: block !important;
                      }

                      #bmsmMessaging .a-color-success {
                        color: black !important;
                      }

                      @media (min-width: 801px) {
                        #bmsmMessaging span {
                          font-size: 14px !important;
                        }
                      }

                      /* mobile screen */
                      @media (max-width: 800px) {
                        #bmsmMessaging span {
                          font-size: 15px !important;
                        }

                        #bmsmMessaging span.a-text-bold {
                          margin-right: 5px;
                        }
                      }
                    </style>
                    <div id="selectQuantity" class="a-section a-spacing-none a-padding-none improvedQuantityButton"> <span class="a-declarative" data-action="quantity-dropdown" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-quantity-dropdown"
                        data-quantity-dropdown="{}" data-csa-c-id="1sq97t-rri8ri-9mq54x-b7ij8d">
                        <div class="a-row a-spacing-base">
                          <div class="a-column a-span12 a-text-left"> <input type="hidden" name="items[0.base][quantity]" value="1" autocomplete="off">
                            <span class="a-dropdown-container"><label for="quantity" class="a-native-dropdown">Quantity:</label><select name="quantity" autocomplete="off" role="combobox" data-a-max-height="135px" id="quantity" tabindex="0"
                                data-action="a-dropdown-select" class="a-native-dropdown a-declarative">
                                <option value="1" selected="">1 </option>
                                <option value="2">2 </option>
                                <option value="3">3 </option>
                                <option value="4">4 </option>
                                <option value="5">5 </option>
                                <option value="6">6 </option>
                                <option value="7">7 </option>
                                <option value="8">8 </option>
                                <option value="9">9 </option>
                                <option value="10">10 </option>
                                <option value="11">11 </option>
                                <option value="12">12 </option>
                                <option value="13">13 </option>
                                <option value="14">14 </option>
                                <option value="15">15 </option>
                                <option value="16">16 </option>
                                <option value="17">17 </option>
                                <option value="18">18 </option>
                                <option value="19">19 </option>
                                <option value="20">20 </option>
                                <option value="21">21 </option>
                                <option value="22">22 </option>
                                <option value="23">23 </option>
                                <option value="24">24 </option>
                                <option value="25">25 </option>
                                <option value="26">26 </option>
                                <option value="27">27 </option>
                                <option value="28">28 </option>
                                <option value="29">29 </option>
                                <option value="30">30 </option>
                              </select><span tabindex="-1" class="a-button a-button-dropdown" aria-hidden="true" id="a-autoid-3" style="min-width: 0%;"><span class="a-button-inner"><span class="a-button-text a-declarative"
                                    data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-a-dropdown-button" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-interaction-events="click" data-action="a-dropdown-button" aria-hidden="true" id="a-autoid-3-announce"
                                    data-csa-c-id="7m8ftx-kuob62-b6ry9z-gicw25"><span class="a-dropdown-label">Quantity:</span><span class="a-dropdown-prompt">1 </span></span><i class="a-icon a-icon-dropdown"></i></span></span></span>
                          </div>
                        </div>
                      </span> </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="asg_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="asg" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="asg" data-csa-c-slot-id="asg_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false"
                data-csa-c-id="s8hl5o-4jb3mu-k8wubq-168xbv" data-cel-widget="asg_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="addToCart_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addToCart" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addToCart" data-csa-c-slot-id="addToCart_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="rjmrmo-pfcebf-ajasze-mleg0x" data-cel-widget="addToCart_feature_div">
                <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;atc-page-state&quot;}">{"shouldUseNatc":true}</script>
                <div class="a-button-stack"> <span class="a-declarative" data-action="dp-pre-atc-declarative" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-dp-pre-atc-declarative" data-dp-pre-atc-declarative="{}" id="atc-declarative"
                    data-csa-c-id="z0xnhh-z7qo3u-ccdtgb-53nog3"> <span id="submit.add-to-cart" class="a-button a-spacing-small a-button-primary a-button-icon natc-enabled"><span class="a-button-inner"><i class="a-icon a-icon-cart"></i><input
                          id="add-to-cart-button" name="submit.add-to-cart" title="Add to Shopping Cart" data-hover="Select <b>__dims__</b> from the left<br> to add to Shopping Cart" data-ref="" class="a-button-input" type="submit"
                          value="Add to cart" aria-labelledby="submit.add-to-cart-announce" formaction="/cart/add-to-cart/ref=dp_start-bbf_1_glance"><span id="submit.add-to-cart-announce" class="a-button-text" aria-hidden="true">Add to
                          cart</span></span></span> </span> </div>
                <div class="dp-cif aok-hidden" data-feature-details="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;atc&quot;,&quot;isInteractive&quot;:false}"></div>
                <script type="text/javascript">
                  (function(f) {
                    var _np = (window.P._namespace("DetailPageBuyBoxTemplate"));
                    if (_np.guardFatal) {
                      _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
                    } else {
                      f(_np);
                    }
                  }(function(P) {
                    P.now().execute('dp-mark-atc', function() {
                      if (typeof window.markFeatureRender === 'function') {
                        window.markFeatureRender('atc', {
                          isInteractive: false
                        });
                      }
                    });
                  }));
                </script>
              </div>
              <div id="preAddToCartFramework_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="preAddToCartFramework" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="preAddToCartFramework" data-csa-c-slot-id="preAddToCartFramework_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="2f2iuw-ist2yd-eiur5v-ylq1p3" data-cel-widget="preAddToCartFramework_feature_div">
                <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;dp-pre-atc-hero&quot;}">{"heroName":""}</script>
                <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;dp-pre-atc-hero-candidates&quot;}">{}</script>
              </div>
              <div id="buyNow_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="buyNow" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="buyNow" data-csa-c-slot-id="buyNow_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="anp8m6-4bm4rw-j45sd7-hk03ca" data-cel-widget="buyNow_feature_div">
                <div class="a-button-stack">
                  <div id="buyNow" class="a-section a-spacing-base">
                    <div id="turboState" class="a-section a-spacing-none a-padding-none turbo-checkout-state-root">
                      <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;turbo-checkout-page-state&quot;}">
                        {"turboWeblab":"RCX_CHECKOUT_TURBO_DESKTOP_NONPRIME_87784","holdbackSecondaryPanelsWeblab":"","strings":{"TURBO_CLOSE_TEXT":"Close.","TURBO_CHECKOUT_HEADER":"Buy now: Just Violence: Torture and Human Rights in the Eyes of the Police (Stanford Studies in Human Rights)","TURBO_LOADING_TEXT":"Loading your order summary"},"additionalWeblabs":"{\"RCX_CHECKOUT_DISABLE_TURBO_FOR_NPA_EXPERIMENT_543201\":\"\",\"UPMT_CHECKOUT_BUY_NOW_GIFT_TANGO_DESKTOP_1044576\":\"\",\"PAX_CHECKOUT_BUY_NOW_TO_TANGO_DESKTOP_EXPERIMENT_NON_PRIME_1088576\":\"\",\"PAX_CHECKOUT_BUY_NOW_TO_TANGO_PARAMETER_ELIGIBILITY_REVERSE_DESKTOP_1089853\":\"\",\"PAX_TURBO_INITIATE_MIGRATION_DESKTOP_NON_PRIME_986684\":\"\"}","inputs":{"verificationSessionID":"262-5558367-2290101","a":"0804794715","quantity":"1","oid":"","incentivizedCart":"","addressId":""},"configurations":{"isSignInEnabled":true,"initiateSelector":"#buy-now-button","prefetchEnabled":true},"isPrimeCustomer":false,"buttonID":"buy-now","eligibility":{"isEligible":false},"turboWeblabTreatment":"C","isTangoCheckoutEligible":false,"timeout":"5000"}
                      </script>
                    </div>
                    <script type="text/javascript">
                      (function(f) {
                        var _np = (window.P._namespace("TurboClientDetailPage"));
                        if (_np.guardFatal) {
                          _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
                        } else {
                          f(_np);
                        }
                      }(function(P) {
                        P.when('cf').execute(function executeTurboAssetsLoadTriggerEvent() {
                          P.now('turbo-checkout-assets-load-trigger').execute(function(assetsLoadTrigger) {
                            if (assetsLoadTrigger) {
                              logTurboCounter("AssetTriggerDedupe");
                              return;
                            }
                            try {
                              P.declare('turbo-checkout-assets-load-trigger', true);
                              logTurboCounter('AssetTrigger');
                            } catch (e) {
                              logTurboCounter('AssetTriggerException');
                            }
                          });

                          function logTurboCounter(name) {
                            var counter = 'turboCheckout' + name;
                            if (window.ue && window.ue.count) {
                              window.ue.count(counter, 1);
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                        });
                      }));
                    </script> <span class="a-declarative" data-action="a-modal" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-a-modal" data-a-modal="{&quot;name&quot;:&quot;turbo&quot;}" id="turbo-checkout-modal"
                      data-csa-c-id="cafns6-p9g5vt-1hrtwb-3mp5ly"></span> <span id="submit.buy-now" class="a-button a-button-oneclick a-button-icon onml-buy-now-button"><span class="a-button-inner"><i class="a-icon a-icon-buynow"></i><input
                          id="buy-now-button" name="submit.buy-now" title="Buy Now" data-hover="Select <b>__dims__</b> from the left<br> to Buy" class="a-button-input" type="submit" aria-labelledby="submit.buy-now-announce"><span
                          id="submit.buy-now-announce" class="a-button-text" aria-hidden="true"> Buy Now </span></span></span>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="tabularSecureTransaction" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="tabularSecureTransaction"
                data-csa-c-slot-id="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="2vlaeb-6b452w-d4l1t3-rosmgk" data-cel-widget="tabularSecureTransaction_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="oneClick_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="oneClick" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="oneClick" data-csa-c-slot-id="oneClick_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="12ppr2-5wh0x6-kx9l8d-lq3bog" data-cel-widget="oneClick_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="detailPageGifting_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="detailPageGifting" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="detailPageGifting" data-csa-c-slot-id="detailPageGifting_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="velv53-kt9t7c-8lecvq-njjb3z" data-cel-widget="detailPageGifting_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="makoPreRegistration" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="makoPreRegistration" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="makoPreRegistration" data-csa-c-slot-id="makoPreRegistration" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="szfet8-yg0jgg-kgknd1-s19wf4" data-cel-widget="makoPreRegistration">
              </div>
              <div id="accessoryUpsellAmabot_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="accessoryUpsellAmabot" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="accessoryUpsellAmabot" data-csa-c-slot-id="accessoryUpsellAmabot_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="bw0e8e-tfydzf-4qthss-l50x2m" data-cel-widget="accessoryUpsellAmabot_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="accessoryUpsellBtf_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="accessoryUpsellBtf" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="accessoryUpsellBtf" data-csa-c-slot-id="accessoryUpsellBtf_feature_div"
                data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="3hrvdx-8syhxd-wq1ir8-7rxgyd" data-cel-widget="accessoryUpsellBtf_feature_div">
              </div>
              <div id="unifiedLocation_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="unifiedLocation" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="unifiedLocation" data-csa-c-slot-id="unifiedLocation_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
                data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="sragpo-j8t01t-2pk9jq-n1buio" data-cel-widget="unifiedLocation_feature_div">
              </div>
            </div>
          </div>
          <div id="marsAccessoryUpsell_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="marsAccessoryUpsellSuppressAccessory" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="marsAccessoryUpsellSuppressAccessory"
            data-csa-c-slot-id="marsAccessoryUpsell_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715" data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="6hngbo-nh68yl-512mqr-pm98ad" data-cel-widget="marsAccessoryUpsell_feature_div">
          </div>
          <div id="addToWishlist_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addToWishlist" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addToWishlist" data-csa-c-slot-id="addToWishlist_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
            data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="hkuw9w-71qm19-35gn6i-i3yo2g" data-cel-widget="addToWishlist_feature_div">
            <hr aria-hidden="true" class="a-spacing-base a-divider-normal">
            <script type="text/javascript">
              (function(f) {
                var _np = (window.P._namespace("ListsDPXJavaScriptBlock"));
                if (_np.guardFatal) {
                  _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
                } else {
                  f(_np);
                }
              }(function(P) {
                function atwlEarlyClick(e) {
                  e.preventDefault();
                  if (window.atwlLoaded) {
                    return; //if JS is loaded then we can ignore the early click case
                  }
                  var ADD_TO_LIST_FROM_DETAIL_PAGE_VENDOR_ID = "website.wishlist.detail.add.earlyclick";
                  var csrfTokenForm = document.querySelector('input[id="lists-sp-csrf-form-token"]');
                  var csrfToken = csrfTokenForm ? csrfTokenForm.value : "";
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                    "asin": "0804794715",
                    "vendorId": ADD_TO_LIST_FROM_DETAIL_PAGE_VENDOR_ID,
                    "isAjax": "false"
                  }
                  var url = "/hz/wishlist/additemtolist?ie=UTF8";
                  for (var param in paramMap) {
                    url += "&" + param + "=" + paramMap[param];
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                  var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
                  xhr.open("POST", url, false);
                  xhr.setRequestHeader("anti-csrftoken-a2z", csrfToken);
                  xhr.onload = function() {
                    window.location = xhr.responseURL; //Needed to force a redirect; not supported on IE!
                  }
                  xhr.send();
                }
              }));
            </script>
            <div id="wishlistButtonStack" class="a-button-stack">
              <script type="text/javascript">
                (function(f) {
                  var _np = (window.P._namespace(""));
                  if (_np.guardFatal) {
                    _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
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                }(function(P) {
                  'use strict';
                  P.when('A').execute(function(A) {
                    A.declarative('atwlDropdownClickDeclarative', 'click', function(e) {
                      window.wlArrowEv = e;
                      e.$event.preventDefault();
                      (function() {
                        if (window.P && window.atwlLoaded) {
                          window.P.when('A').execute(function(A) {
                            A.trigger('wl-drop-down', window.wlArrowEv);
                          })
                          return;
                        }
                        window.atwlEc = true;
                        var b = document.getElementById('add-to-wishlist-button-group');
                        var s = document.getElementById('atwl-dd-spinner-holder');
                        if (!(s && b)) {
                          return;
                        }
                        s.classList.remove('a-hidden');
                        s.style.position = 'absolute';
                        s.style.width = b.clientWidth + 'px';
                        s.style.zIndex = 1;
                        return;
                      })();
                      return false;
                    });
                  });
                }));
              </script>
              <div id="add-to-wishlist-button-group" data-csa-c-func-deps="aui-da-a-button-group" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-interaction-events="click" data-hover="<!-- If PartialItemStateWeblab is true then, showing different Add-to-wish-list tool-tip message which is consistent with Add-to-Cart tool tip message.  -->
            To Add to Wish List, choose from options to the left" class="a-button-group a-declarative a-spacing-none" data-action="a-button-group" data-csa-c-id="b2ugrl-qkql1x-oz5l6-40ysvd"> <span id="wishListMainButton"
                  class="a-button a-button-groupfirst a-spacing-none a-button-base a-declarative" data-action="add-wishlist-declarative"><span class="a-button-inner"><a href="https://www.amazon.in/ap/signin?openid.return_to=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.in%2Fgp%2Faw%2Fd%2F0804794715&amp;openid.identity=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0%2Fidentifier_select&amp;openid.assoc_handle=inamazon&amp;openid.mode=checkid_setup&amp;openid.claimed_id=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0%2Fidentifier_select&amp;openid.ns=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0&amp;" name="submit.add-to-registry.wishlist.unrecognized" title="Add to Wish List" data-hover="<!-- If PartialItemStateWeblab is true then, showing different Add-to-wish-list tool-tip message which is consistent with Add-to-Cart tool tip message.  -->
            To Add to Wish List, choose from options to the left" aria-label="Add to Wish List" class="a-button-text a-text-left"> Add to Wish List </a></span></span> </div>
              <script type="text/javascript">
                (function(f) {
                  var _np = (window.P._namespace("ListsDPXJavaScriptBlock"));
                  if (_np.guardFatal) {
                    _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
                  } else {
                    f(_np);
                  }
                }(function(P) {
                  'use strict';
                  P.now('A').execute('atwl-a11y-override', function(A) {
                    var addToWishListButtonGroup = document.getElementById('add-to-wishlist-button-group');
                    if (addToWishListButtonGroup) {
                      addToWishListButtonGroup.removeAttribute("role");
                    }
                    var wishListMainButtonElem = document.getElementById('wishListMainButton');
                    if (wishListMainButtonElem) {
                      var wishListMainButton = wishListMainButtonElem.querySelector('input');
                      if (wishListMainButton) {
                        wishListMainButton.setAttribute('role', 'button');
                        wishListMainButton.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
                      }
                    }
                    var wishListDropDownElem = document.getElementById('wishListDropDown');
                    if (wishListDropDownElem) {
                      var wishListDropDown = wishListDropDownElem.querySelector('input');
                      if (wishListDropDown) {
                        wishListDropDown.setAttribute('role', 'button');
                        wishListDropDown.setAttribute('aria-haspopup', 'dialog');
                        wishListDropDown.setAttribute('tabindex', '0');
                      }
                    }
                  });
                }));
              </script>
              <div id="atwl-inline-spinner" class="a-section a-hidden">
                <div class="a-spinner-wrapper"><span class="a-spinner a-spinner-medium"></span></div>
              </div>
              <div id="atwl-inline" class="a-section a-spacing-none a-hidden">
                <div class="a-row a-text-ellipsis">
                  <div id="atwl-inline-sucess-msg" class="a-box a-alert-inline a-alert-inline-success" aria-live="polite" aria-atomic="true">
                    <div class="a-box-inner a-alert-container"><i class="a-icon a-icon-alert"></i>
                      <div class="a-alert-content"> <span class="a-size-base" role="alert"> Added to </span> </div>
                    </div>
                  </div> <a id="atwl-inline-link" class="a-link-normal" href="/gp/registry/wishlist/"> <span id="atwl-inline-link-text" class="a-size-base" role="alert"> </span> </a>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="atwl-inline-error" class="a-section a-hidden">
                <div class="a-box a-alert-inline a-alert-inline-error" role="alert">
                  <div class="a-box-inner a-alert-container"><i class="a-icon a-icon-alert"></i>
                    <div class="a-alert-content"> <span id="atwl-inline-error-msg" class="a-size-base" role="alert"> Unable to add item to Wish List. Please try again. </span> </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="atwl-dd-spinner-holder" class="a-section a-hidden">
                <div class="a-row a-dropdown">
                  <div class="a-section a-popover-wrapper">
                    <div class="a-section a-text-center a-popover-inner">
                      <div class="a-box a-popover-loading">
                        <div class="a-box-inner"> </div>
                      </div>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="atwl-dd-error-holder" class="a-section a-hidden">
                <div class="a-section a-dropdown">
                  <div class="a-section a-popover-wrapper">
                    <div class="a-section a-spacing-base a-padding-base a-text-left a-popover-inner">
                      <h3 class="a-color-error"> Sorry, there was a problem. </h3> <span> There was an error retrieving your Wish Lists. Please try again. </span>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <div id="atwl-dd-unavail-holder" class="a-section a-hidden">
                <div class="a-section a-dropdown">
                  <div class="a-section a-popover-wrapper">
                    <div class="a-section a-spacing-base a-padding-base a-text-left a-popover-inner">
                      <h3 class="a-color-error"> Sorry, there was a problem. </h3> <span> List unavailable. </span>
                    </div>
                  </div>
                </div>
              </div>
              <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;atwl&quot;}">
                {"showInlineLink":false,"hzPopover":true,"wishlistButtonId":"add-to-wishlist-button","dropDownHtml":"","inlineJsFix":true,"wishlistButtonSubmitId":"add-to-wishlist-button-submit","maxAjaxFailureCount":"3","asin":"0804794715","dropdownAriaLabel":"Select a list from the drop-down","closeButtonAriaLabel":"Close"}
              </script>
            </div>
            <script type="a-state" data-a-state="{&quot;key&quot;:&quot;popoverState&quot;}">{"formId":"addToCart","showWishListDropDown":false,"wishlistPopoverWidth":206,"isAddToWishListDropDownAuiEnabled":true,"showPopover":false}</script>
            <script type="text/javascript">
              (function(f) {
                var _np = (window.P._namespace("ListsDPXJavaScriptBlock"));
                if (_np.guardFatal) {
                  _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
                } else {
                  f(_np);
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              }(function(P) {
                'use strict';
                window.P.now('atwl-ready').execute(function(atwlModule) {
                  var isRegistered = (typeof atwlModule !== 'undefined');
                  if (!isRegistered) {
                    window.P.register('atwl-ready');
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                });
              }));
            </script>
            <!-- sp:csrf --><input type="hidden" name="anti-csrftoken-a2z" value="hLMuGEsj7QLHnRsLpfqWNdEKT1/ms7kGCf3oRlsnad6IAAAAAGd34q40OWNkODRlYy02OTJjLTQ3ZTctYjZlMS00M2I3ODUxM2Q0MzY=" id="lists-sp-csrf-form-token"><!-- sp:end-csrf -->
            <!-- sp:csrf --><input type="hidden" name="anti-csrftoken-a2z" value="hEG1pr6IvyDF9ca5BfF6VivZVteiHqUv26u0bXgDGBejAAAAAGd34q40OWNkODRlYy02OTJjLTQ3ZTctYjZlMS00M2I3ODUxM2Q0MzY=" id="creator-sp-csrf-form-token"><!-- sp:end-csrf -->
            <script type="text/javascript">
              (function(f) {
                var _np = (window.P._namespace("ListsDPXJavaScriptBlock"));
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                  _np.guardFatal(f)(_np);
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                window.P.now('atwl-cf').execute(function(module) {
                  var isRegistered = (typeof module !== 'undefined');
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                margin-left: ;
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              .add-to-baby-button-spacing-bottom {
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          <div id="addToRegistry_feature_div" class="celwidget" data-feature-name="addToRegistry" data-csa-c-type="widget" data-csa-c-content-id="addToRegistry" data-csa-c-slot-id="addToRegistry_feature_div" data-csa-c-asin="0804794715"
            data-csa-c-is-in-initial-active-row="false" data-csa-c-id="vdm16f-e0a8zh-nhx4xd-2y61ga" data-cel-widget="addToRegistry_feature_div">
          </div>
        </div>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
</form>

GET

<form method="get" action="" autocomplete="off" class="aok-hidden all-offers-display-params"> <input type="hidden" name="" value="true" id="all-offers-display-reload-param"> <input type="hidden" name="" id="all-offers-display-params"
    data-asin="0804794715" data-m="" data-qid="" data-smid="" data-sourcecustomerorglistid="" data-sourcecustomerorglistitemid="" data-sr=""> </form>

POST

<form method="post" action="" class="aok-hidden"><input type="hidden" name="editionQualityWeblab" value="NotLogged" class="editionQualityWeblab"><input type="hidden" name="landingAsinValue" value="0804794715" class="landingAsinValue"><input
    type="hidden" name="ingressMigrationWeblabTreatment" value="C" class="ingressMigrationWeblabTreatment"></form>

POST

<form method="post" action="" class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_radio-feedback-form__2dveN">
  <fieldset>
    <h1 id="radioHeading" class="a-size-large a-spacing-double-large a-text-center feedbackRadioHeading a-text-bold">How would you rate your experience shopping for books on Amazon today?</h1>
  </fieldset>
  <table class="a-normal _shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_radio-feedback-table__3PsBH">
    <tbody>
      <tr class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_form-horizontal-radiobutton-input-row__1t5DJ">
        <td class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_form-table-column__3c_E1">
          <div data-a-input-name="shoppingCXRadio" class="a-radio a-radio-fancy feedbackRadioButton"><label for="radio1"><input type="radio" id="radio1" name="shoppingCXRadio" value="1" autocomplete="off"><i class="a-icon a-icon-radio"></i><span
                class="a-label a-radio-label"><span aria-hidden="false" hidden="">Very poor</span></span></label></div>
        </td>
        <td class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_form-table-column__3c_E1">
          <div data-a-input-name="shoppingCXRadio" class="a-radio a-radio-fancy feedbackRadioButton"><label for="radio2"><input type="radio" id="radio2" name="shoppingCXRadio" value="2" autocomplete="off"><i class="a-icon a-icon-radio"></i><span
                class="a-label a-radio-label"><span aria-hidden="false" hidden="">Poor</span></span></label></div>
        </td>
        <td class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_form-table-column__3c_E1">
          <div data-a-input-name="shoppingCXRadio" class="a-radio a-radio-fancy feedbackRadioButton"><label for="radio3"><input type="radio" id="radio3" name="shoppingCXRadio" value="3" autocomplete="off"><i class="a-icon a-icon-radio"></i><span
                class="a-label a-radio-label"><span aria-hidden="false" hidden="">Neutral</span></span></label></div>
        </td>
        <td class="_shopping-cx-feedback-widget_style_form-table-column__3c_E1">
          <div data-a-input-name="shoppingCXRadio" class="a-radio a-radio-fancy feedbackRadioButton"><label for="radio4"><input type="radio" id="radio4" name="shoppingCXRadio" value="4" autocomplete="off"><i class="a-icon a-icon-radio"></i><span
                class="a-label a-radio-label"><span aria-hidden="false" hidden="">Good</span></span></label></div>
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JUST VIOLENCE: TORTURE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EYES OF THE POLICE (STANFORD
STUDIES IN HUMAN RIGHTS) HARDCOVER – IMPORT, 25 JANUARY 2017

by Rachel Wahl (Author)
5.0 5.0 out of 5 stars 1 rating
Part of: Stanford Studies in Human Rights (31 books)




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This book examines the beliefs of law enforcement officers who support the use
of torture and the implications of these beliefs for officers' responses to
human rights activism and education.

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Previous slide of product details
 1.  ISBN-10
     
     0804794715
 2.  ISBN-13
     
     978-0804794718
 3.  Edition
     
     1st
 4.  Publisher
     
     Stanford University Press
 5.  Publication date
     
     25 January 2017
 6.  Part of series
     
     Stanford Studies in Human Rights
 7.  Language
     
     English
 8.  Dimensions
     
     15.24 x 2.29 x 22.86 cm
 9.  Print length
     
     264 pages
 10. See all details

Next slide of product details

























PRODUCT DESCRIPTION


REVIEW

"In this compelling book, Rachel Wahl shows how Indian police with human rights
training justify torture as a means to protect the rights of victims and the
community. Just Violence will resonate widely with academics and practitioners
who want to better understand how local cultures vernacularize ideas about human
rights." -- Jack Snyder ― Columbia University

"Why does human rights training fail to diminish the use of torture by police?
Rachel Wahl's fascinating book argues that police torture is not simply the
product of indifference or the legacy of colonial rule but also the moral
compass of police themselves as they endeavor to produce security, justice, and
order. Just Violence offers an alternative explanation of police violence and
the misfit between local conceptions of justice and the general principles of
the human rights system. This provocative book offers new insights into human
rights education and the enduring tensions between rights and security." --
Sally Engle Merry ― New York University


ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Rachel Wahl is Assistant Professor in the Department of Leadership, Foundations,
and Policy at the University of Virginia.


EXCERPT. © REPRINTED BY PERMISSION. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.


JUST VIOLENCE


TORTURE AND HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE EYES OF THE POLICE

By Rachel Wahl

STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS

Copyright © 2017 Rachel Wahl
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-0-8047-9471-8



CONTENTS

Foreword,
Preface,
Introduction: Human Rights from the Other Side,
1. Human Rights Education and State Violence,
PART 1: OFFICERS' IDEALS,
2. Police Beliefs and the Moral Imaginary of Violence,
3. Justice in Context,
PART 2: HUMAN RIGHTS,
4. Police Respond to Human Rights Education,
5. Complications of the Local: Violence, Religion, and Culture,
6. Complications of the Global: Competing International Norms,
7. Police Respond to Human Rights Activists,
Conclusion: Dilemmas and Possibilities,
Notes,
Bibliography,
Index,


CHAPTER 1

Human Rights Education and State Violence


N'S EXASPERATION WAS EVIDENT. It appeared to be borne of working too hard for
too long without seeing results — the suffering of caring so much about
something for which there seemed to be little hope. As the program coordinator
for the India office of a major NGO's police reform program, she conducts human
rights trainings for police, as well as writes reports on police violations.
"Sometimes the brutality is so bad," she lamented, "you feel like training is
not making a difference."

Like so many of the human rights educators I interviewed, N has a dark view of
the police. When I asked her why the police torture suspects, she replied, "One,
they think they will get away with it. Two, they don't know how to interrogate
people without torture." In other words, police behavior can be explained by
immorality and incompetence. But when I asked her directly if the police think
what they are doing is right, she said, "They think they are punishing rapists
and criminals because the justice system is so bad the court will let them off.
But that is none of their business."

In this interaction, she both acknowledges and rejects the moral self-conception
of the police. The assumption that the first reason police use torture is simply
"because they can" indicates a highly pessimistic view of their nature. And
although she seems aware of their self-understanding, she quickly dismisses it
as illegitimate. Like many dedicated human rights workers, she is consumed by
the brutality about which she hears on an almost daily basis from victims as
well as from police themselves. It is no wonder she states that police who use
torture are "rotten people" and jokes that the only way to reform the police is
to purge the current force and start fresh.

And it is not only the police about which she is pessimistic. "The trainings are
very bad," she sighed, explaining that most human rights trainings for police
inform them of international and domestic laws without explanation of their
relationship or of how to implement them. She tries to improve upon this in the
trainings she conducts by explaining the connection between global and national
laws, and elaborating on what precisely police must do to uphold them.

As she continued to discuss the shortcomings of the trainings, however, it
became clear that legalism without practical guidance was not the only problem.
"I hate to mention human rights because you are shot down right away," she
reflected. She explained, "There is so much hostility. They say, 'Human rights
activists are pressuring us and they don't understand policing.'" Her view of
police as violating rights simply because they can, and of trainers as
ineffective due to officers' animosity, leaves her agonized about whether police
human rights trainings serve any purpose.

She is far from alone in this view. The director of another human rights NGO in
New Delhi is even more vehement. He once regularly conducted human rights
trainings for state police colleges. He tells me that he no longer accepts the
government's invitations to conduct such trainings, seeing the trainings, as
well as the police, as hopeless. Like N, he insisted that the police use torture
simply because there is nothing to stop them. As such, nothing short of
punishment for police will change the situation. Human rights education is a
"smokescreen" the government uses to "keep NGOs happy" and to fool the
international human rights community, he asserted. Without real accountability
that allows victims to sue police and that ensures police are punished, he said
of human rights trainings, "it is all bunkum."

As these human rights activists and educators insist, removing the legal
impunity police enjoy may indeed be the most important measure for reducing
torture. Currently in India, it is necessary to obtain the permission of the
government in order to press charges against an officer. Human rights workers
emphasize that this inability to prosecute for torture is the primary impediment
to stopping it. Yet the human rights regime has long been criticized for an
overemphasis on legalism and an underemphasis on attitudinal change. Human
rights education is seen by many researchers and practitioners as an important
corrective, a means to go beyond the law to transform how people think.

Moreover, educators' view of police as hopelessly resistant and responsive only
to punishment may be stoking the resistance they encounter. By focusing so
squarely on the need to punish the police, and by assuming that police operate
according to only ignoble motivations, educators are limited in their capacity
to understand the way officers perceive themselves and their actions. This focus
obscures a fuller picture of how police make judgments and the constraints,
incentives, and ideals that matter to them. For educators who believe that human
rights trainings may still be worthwhile in spite of their limitations, this
understanding is crucial.


Human Rights Education (HRE)

International institutions, domestic NGOs, and many national governments embrace
HRE as a means of spreading a "culture of human rights." According to some
scholars, education represents the current direction of the movement as a whole:
although human rights workers focused first on drafting treaties and later on
establishing institutions, they now concentrate in large part on spreading their
message through education.

According to the United Nations, HRE "constitutes an essential contribution to
the long-term prevention of human rights abuses and represents an important
investment in the endeavor to achieve a just society in which all human rights
of all persons are valued and respected." The Office of the High Commissioner
for Human Rights (OHCHR) accordingly funds local initiatives, creates education
and training materials, and develops resources such as a Database on HRE. The
OHCHR also coordinates the United Nations World Programme for Human Rights
Education, which began in 2004 following the 1995 United Nations Decade for
Human Rights Education.

Some methods have won consensus among scholars as "best practices" for HRE.
Rights should be promoted not just in the content of lessons, but also in the
means of instruction. In other words, in addition to providing students with
knowledge of rights and with the skills and motivation to uphold them, educators
should respect their students' rights and encourage the students to reflect for
themselves on what they learn. Some scholars especially emphasize the importance
of using critical approaches in HRE and draw heavily on the Brazilian
educational theorist and activist Paolo Freire's model of facilitating dialogue
that eschews direct instruction and traditional student-teacher relationships.

There are many different approaches to HRE, however, and not all fulfill these
aims. HRE scholar Monisha Bajaj points out differences related to the social
position of the learners and program administrators. Elites such as governments
and international organizations are more likely to emphasize "global
citizenship" and international laws. HRE designed within and for marginalized
communities, in contrast, usually aims to inspire learners to advocate for their
own rights and provides them with the tools to claim those rights. Similarly,
Felicia Tibbitts differentiates between a "values and awareness" model that is
meant to socialize learners by imparting information and an
"activism-transformation" model premised on changing what learners believe and
what they are willing to do. She laments that the former approach typically
fails to use participatory methods or encourage critical reflection. As a
result, she predicts that at best, such approaches can prepare learners for more
transformational methods and, at worst, be perceived by students as overly
ideological and do little more than convey information. This presumes that with
better instruction, people across the world might come to accept human rights
ideals, whereas with insufficient pedagogy, they are most likely to ignore or
reject these messages. But how the ideals of human rights actually spread is not
well understood.


The Spread of Human Rights through HRE

HRE is most often studied in two ways. Neoinstitutional sociologists often take
it as evidence of the dissemination of contemporary liberalism, which they call
"world culture." Educational scholars typically study specific programs to
evaluate their outcomes. Although the former focus on the spread of HRE itself
and on variables exogenous to its content, such as the legitimacy adopting HRE
might bring to the government, education researchers typically focus on how well
the content of HRE is learned.

This book instead asks what happens when state agents take up to this set of
ideas, not to provide evidence that world culture has spread or that a specific
program is effective, but to understand how the agents of the state respond to
contemporary liberal principles and what happens to these principles when the
agents interpret and use them.

Sociological studies have offered rich insights into how the increase in HRE
reflects wider global trends. For example, Garnett Russell and David Suárez
argue that "HRE gained traction at the global level because the broader social
movement reflects widely held cultural scripts about progress, justice, and the
individual," as well as because it spread concurrently with a worldwide
expansion in schooling.

These scholars view NGOs as a primary "carrier" of world culture. But what
precisely happens to this culture when educational NGOs attempt to explicitly
teach it is not typically the subject of their analysis. Although research has
revealed a great expansion of human rights topics in textbooks and curricula
across the globe, the effect of this on human rights protection or even on
beliefs about rights is uncertain. Does HRE not only reflect but also expand
world culture, producing modern citizens and state officials in its wake?

Educational researchers have shown that particular programs are effective at
spreading human rights beliefs and even behaviors. For example, an extensive
study by Monisha Bajaj revealed that an NGO program of great breadth and depth
in India had a transformative effect on students and teachers alike. In other
cases, studies suggest that HRE increases knowledge or "awareness" and improves
"attitudes," but with unclear implications for how people approach their lives
and work.

Moreover, not all research shows entirely positive effects. A study of an
Amnesty International program at a high school in England revealed how the
discourse of rights, on the one hand, was coopted by the disciplinary goals of
the school administrators, and on the other hand, helped to destabilize that
same administration when students and teachers engaged in protests against
school leadership. This suggests that who uses rights discourse, and why, matter
for what the spread of this global script means, as scholars who emphasize the
importance of domestic reasons and interpretations attest.


HRE for the Police

If who uses rights discourse matters for the meanings that are attached to it,
then its use by state agents raises particular questions. But scholars and
practitioners rarely inquire as to what state agents mean when they speak in
terms of rights. Instead, HRE for state officials is lauded by international
organizations as increasing human rights protections and by scholars as
signifying the diffusion of a global culture. But the result of educating state
agents in human rights and their subsequent use of this discourse is ambiguous.
The lack of a clear and positive result should not be surprising, as HRE for
actors such as police sets itself no small task: to transform through ideas and
information what are often centuries of violence and inequality.

In their most ideal formulation, educators' aims are premised on a substantive
conception of reason. They imply that if police understand certain principles,
then they will know to transform their beliefs and behavior. This "knowing" is
technical and ethical. If the police are given information about what is legal
and illegal, and persuaded that torture is wrong, then they will stop using it.
Less ideally, educators seem to be engaged in half-hearted due diligence: they
suggest that if they educate police, then at least the police cannot say they
did not know the law. Such educators concede that information and moral
persuasion are unlikely to change police behavior, but reason that the lack of
HRE guarantees that change will not occur. The human rights educators
interviewed for this study mostly occupy an intermediate position, holding on to
the hope that police will become convinced that rights claims are justified
while retaining grave doubts about whether police will change their behavior
accordingly.

The ambivalence among human rights educators interviewed for this book
notwithstanding, international and domestic organizations around the world
prioritize HRE for police and security officers. It is not surprising that human
rights bodies would value state officials' compliance and knowledge: the state
bears primary responsibility for upholding and protecting human rights, and
police are "the first line of defense" for ensuring this occurs. At the same
time, the state is typically the body that rights are claimed against. In fact,
although this definition has been broadened in recent years to include nonstate
actors such as corporations, typically it has been state culpability that
defines an act as a rights violation. As state agents on the "front lines" of
rights enforcement, police officers especially occupy this dual position as the
primary guarantors and the main violators of human rights.

And so, recognizing the crucial role of police in human rights protection as
well as the frequency with which police violate human rights, the UN recommends
human rights training for police as a primary means to improve conditions around
the world. The 2011 Declaration on Human Rights Education and Training
emphasizes the training of law and security officers, as did the Second Phase of
the World Programme for Human Rights Education. UN bodies as diverse as the UN
Development Programme, the Department of Political Affairs, and OHCHR, among
others, provide trainings for police. Many state governments around the world
also train their police and militaries in human rights, as do nongovernmental
organizations within countries.

The majority of scholarship on HRE for the security forces consists of
descriptions and evaluations of programs, as well as theoretical models of what
such education should entail, rather than in-depth studies of police responses
and experiences. So while many educators are pessimistic about whether police
care about their lessons, and international organizations continue to ensure the
lessons are delivered, there is little research to guide expectations of what
police make of what they learn.

The few rich empirical accounts that do exist suggest that more is at stake in
officers' responses to human rights trainings than their recalcitrance.
Researchers emphasize the complicated conditions in which police work, their
belief that violence is a necessary way of responding to these conditions, and
their animosity toward the human rights activists who tell them otherwise.
Moreover, they describe the contradictory expectations created for police by the
many governments that wish to show their compliance with human rights standards,
even as government officials continue to rely on the use of force. These
researchers argue that too few human rights scholars and practitioners attend to
the complex contexts in which officers work, to the detriment of the trainings
they study and implement.

A review of existing trainings around the world confirms that HRE for police is
typically not based on an understanding of context. Researchers Danielle
Celermajer and Kiran Grewal found that although police in a wide range of
countries receive HRE, the curricula tend to be drawn from a small number of
international organizations without prior research on the target population or
their environment. Moreover, most training is legalistic. Trainers understand
the importance of relating legal education to practical guidance on how to
implement laws, the researchers note. But it is unclear whether educators
provide such crucial guidance. Finally, written materials and lectures are
common formats for the delivery of HRE, though to a lesser extent, role-plays
and interactive animations are also used. If evaluations are conducted, they
typically take the form of questionnaires testing knowledge upon completion. In
short, the trainings tend to be decontextualized and legalistic, frequently
using passive instructional methods: not what most scholars of HRE would
identify as "best practices."

The assumption that information will lead to change in beliefs and behaviors
remains implicit in the work of human rights educators and scholars, in spite of
the widespread recognition among both groups that this is not actually the case.
Such an attitude can come in the way of putting research that has been gathered
to good use. For example, one research team collected data on the beliefs
expressed by police at a training conducted by one of the researchers in North
Africa. But rather than seek to understand and address these beliefs, the
researchers noted that police "simply refuse to see the error in their
arguments" and recommended that police practice would be improved by university
provision of HRE wherein officers acquire better information (as well as by
structural change within the police). The beliefs are analyzed only as an error
that can be corrected by better provision of HRE.


(Continues...)Excerpted from Just Violence by Rachel Wahl. Copyright © 2017
Rachel Wahl. Excerpted by permission of STANFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS.
All rights reserved. No part of this excerpt may be reproduced or reprinted
without permission in writing from the publisher.
Excerpts are provided by Dial-A-Book Inc. solely for the personal use of
visitors to this web site.
Read more

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PRODUCT DETAILS

 * Publisher ‏ : ‎ Stanford University Press; 1st edition (25 January 2017)
 * Language ‏ : ‎ English
 * Hardcover ‏ : ‎ 264 pages
 * ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 0804794715
 * ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0804794718
 * Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 481 g
 * Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 15.24 x 2.29 x 22.86 cm

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