URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Submission: On December 30 via api from US — Scanned from FI

Summary

This website contacted 12 IPs in 3 countries across 8 domains to perform 28 HTTP transactions. The main IP is 151.101.64.95, located in San Francisco, United States and belongs to FASTLY, US. The main domain is link.springer.com. The Cisco Umbrella rank of the primary domain is 20823.
TLS certificate: Issued by R10 on November 15th 2024. Valid for: 3 months.
This is the only time link.springer.com was scanned on urlscan.io!

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

IP Address AS Autonomous System
2 16 151.101.64.95 54113 (FASTLY)
1 151.101.192.95 54113 (FASTLY)
1 2a00:1450:400... 15169 (GOOGLE)
1 2a00:1450:400... 15169 (GOOGLE)
2 2a04:4e42:400... 54113 (FASTLY)
1 151.101.65.229 54113 (FASTLY)
3 142.250.186.34 15169 (GOOGLE)
2 142.250.184.196 15169 (GOOGLE)
1 185.142.146.48 396982 (GOOGLE-CL...)
1 18.66.112.96 16509 (AMAZON-02)
1 46.4.70.163 24940 (HETZNER-A...)
28 12
Apex Domain
Subdomains
Transfer
17 springer.com
link.springer.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 20823
idp.springer.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 56508
cmp.springer.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 72874
cart.springer.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 61580
sgtm.springer.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 55381
361 KB
3 googlesyndication.com
pagead2.googlesyndication.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 110
208 KB
3 jsdelivr.net
cdn.jsdelivr.net — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 318
94 KB
2 pbgrd.com
cdn.pbgrd.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 28202
delivery.pbgrd.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 28693
3 KB
2 google.com
scholar.google.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 13020
4 KB
1 googletagmanager.com
www.googletagmanager.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 39
154 KB
1 googleapis.com
storage.googleapis.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 314
886 KB
1 springernature.com
media.springernature.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 30161
6 KB
28 8
Domain Requested by
12 link.springer.com 1 redirects link.springer.com
3 pagead2.googlesyndication.com www.googletagmanager.com
pagead2.googlesyndication.com
link.springer.com
3 cdn.jsdelivr.net link.springer.com
cdn.jsdelivr.net
2 scholar.google.com link.springer.com
scholar.google.com
2 idp.springer.com 1 redirects link.springer.com
1 delivery.pbgrd.com cdn.pbgrd.com
1 cdn.pbgrd.com link.springer.com
1 sgtm.springer.com link.springer.com
1 www.googletagmanager.com link.springer.com
1 storage.googleapis.com cmp.springer.com
1 media.springernature.com link.springer.com
1 cart.springer.com link.springer.com
1 cmp.springer.com link.springer.com
28 13
Subject Issuer Validity Valid
*.springer.com
R10
2024-11-15 -
2025-02-13
3 months crt.sh
*.springernature.com
R11
2024-11-15 -
2025-02-13
3 months crt.sh
storage.googleapis.com
WR2
2024-12-02 -
2025-02-24
3 months crt.sh
*.google-analytics.com
WR2
2024-12-02 -
2025-02-24
3 months crt.sh
jsdelivr.net
GlobalSign Atlas R3 DV TLS CA 2024 Q3
2024-07-30 -
2025-08-31
a year crt.sh
*.g.doubleclick.net
WR2
2024-12-02 -
2025-02-24
3 months crt.sh
*.google.com
WR2
2024-12-02 -
2025-02-24
3 months crt.sh
*.katee-v2-prod.springernature.io
R10
2024-11-19 -
2025-02-17
3 months crt.sh
cdn.pbgrd.com
Amazon RSA 2048 M02
2024-05-22 -
2025-06-19
a year crt.sh
delivery.pbgrd.com
R11
2024-12-12 -
2025-03-12
3 months crt.sh

This page contains 1 frames:

Primary Page: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Frame ID: 52CA11417D0F2B4471FA6D4FE3AD8E5B
Requests: 29 HTTP requests in this frame

Screenshot

Page Title

Introduction to the Political Economy of Chinese FDI in Africa | SpringerLink

Page URL History Show full URLs

  1. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1 HTTP 303
    https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%... HTTP 302
    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1 Page URL

Detected technologies

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns
  • ([\d.]+)?/mathjax\.js

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns
  • googlesyndication\.com/

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns
  • googletagmanager\.com/gtm\.js

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns
  • //cdn\.jsdelivr\.net/

Page Statistics

28
Requests

100 %
HTTPS

27 %
IPv6

8
Domains

13
Subdomains

12
IPs

3
Countries

1715 kB
Transfer

3340 kB
Size

9
Cookies

Page URL History

This captures the URL locations of the websites, including HTTP redirects and client-side redirects via JavaScript or Meta fields.

  1. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1 HTTP 303
    https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1 HTTP 302
    https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1 Page URL

Redirected requests

There were HTTP redirect chains for the following requests:

28 HTTP transactions

Resource
Path
Size
x-fer
Type
MIME-Type
Primary Request 978-3-031-74877-6_1
link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/
Redirect Chain
  • https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
  • https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1
  • https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
302 KB
85 KB
Document
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H2
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1131.0 /
Resource Hash
63887c8ec6a91a930dc8e8095884a709d554cc92fd5635b4dfdbb72f5cf46883
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

Upgrade-Insecure-Requests
1
User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

accept-ranges
bytes
age
0
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
content-encoding
gzip
content-type
text/html; charset=utf-8
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
etag
"9e680aa1335bbeae53a8ef857ef4b984"
server
Oscar Platform 0.1131.0
traceparent
00-88dea3c9ddfb4f196d26a310cd8dc953-8d3964aca67dfab3-01
tracestate
gorouter=c27908a0652299d7
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-b3-sampled
1
x-b3-spanid
266095fb6c0575e7
x-b3-traceid
031f94ebb9511272
x-cache
MISS, MISS, MISS
x-cache-hits
0, 0
x-dump-request-bodies
0
x-frame-options
DENY
x-served-by
cache-fra-eddf8230173-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220070-FRA
x-timer
S1735535717.923219,VS0,VE317
x-vcap-request-id
88dea3c9-ddfb-4f19-6d26-a310cd8dc953

Redirect headers

accept-ranges
bytes
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
cache-control
no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
content-length
0
content-security-policy
frame-ancestors 'none';
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:16 GMT
expires
0
location
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
pragma
no-cache
strict-transport-security
max-age=31536000 ; includeSubDomains
vary
x-forwarded-proto
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish
x-cache
MISS
x-cache-hits
0
x-cdn-origin
SNPaaS
x-content-type-options
nosniff
x-frame-options
DENY
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220070-FRA
x-timer
S1735535717.799350,VS0,VE68
x-vcap-request-id
dbd68a81-078d-4216-60a5-d984d62c54db
x-xss-protection
1; mode=block
print-b8af42253b.css
link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/
248 B
749 B
Stylesheet
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/print-b8af42253b.css
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1111.0 /
Resource Hash
b840a1c8d21f1111541bff232debf11476fffa92b531374d6572d501113306c1
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1

Response headers

x-b3-spanid
61e7e4528959657d
content-encoding
gzip
age
2915620
traceparent
00-8251aef74b80437761e7e4528959657d-fe5a35689eccbe9d-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
content-type
text/css
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220038-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 4424
tracestate
gorouter=1a1505a6adaeaa73
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535717.309550,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
8251aef7-4b80-4377-61e7-e4528959657d
x-b3-traceid
8251aef74b80437761e7e4528959657d
content-length
200
accept-ranges
bytes
server
Oscar Platform 0.1111.0
core-darwin-8c08f3c2fc.css
link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/
2 KB
1 KB
Stylesheet
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/core-darwin-8c08f3c2fc.css
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1115.0 /
Resource Hash
0f03bb04ecc01c2be329d785fb2cb7096abd9ce5e71407a373990ab37b99bf7f
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1

Response headers

x-b3-spanid
5e6c9e660b05ad2a
content-encoding
gzip
age
2385998
traceparent
00-d3db39cc659b49fe5e6c9e660b05ad2a-bf468bd7a933bb4d-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
content-type
text/css
x-served-by
cache-fra-eddf8230137-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 4645
tracestate
gorouter=00a29c09e0a01525
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535717.310498,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
d3db39cc-659b-49fe-5e6c-9e660b05ad2a
x-b3-traceid
d3db39cc659b49fe5e6c9e660b05ad2a
content-length
865
accept-ranges
bytes
server
Oscar Platform 0.1115.0
enhanced-darwin-article-8aaaca8a1c.css
link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/
152 KB
37 KB
Stylesheet
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/app-springerlink/css/enhanced-darwin-article-8aaaca8a1c.css
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1120.0 /
Resource Hash
3dee4400137c194352eb6db36b0e9b92fe652bbe3be62d7e2a86c008a44d9447
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1

Response headers

x-b3-spanid
e3a119ca6d8135c7
content-encoding
gzip
age
1441366
traceparent
00-2995afe6938d44ab5b60ce6738d83e4b-fae58e942cbb872a-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
content-type
text/css
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220098-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 4558
tracestate
gorouter=2cb93589ee85f6ce
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535717.312325,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
2995afe6-938d-44ab-5b60-ce6738d83e4b
x-b3-traceid
4748a60d32007bb8
content-length
37303
accept-ranges
bytes
server
Oscar Platform 0.1120.0
consent-bundle-17-52.js
cmp.springer.com/production_live/en/
117 KB
35 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://cmp.springer.com/production_live/en/consent-bundle-17-52.js
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H2
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
UploadServer /
Resource Hash
8ce23dd0e398b946bd5ac5e621d0599be3b45b0688efda910c791a5d084e24a9

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

x-goog-metageneration
2
content-encoding
gzip
x-goog-hash
crc32c=9h+pug==, md5=euAnOhYXt24mwkhYjVrHSQ==
etag
"7ae0273a1617b76e26c248588d5ac749"
age
3426825
x-goog-stored-content-encoding
gzip
expires
Fri, 08 Aug 2025 10:39:38 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-goog-stored-content-length
35080
x-cache
HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
last-modified
Thu, 08 Aug 2024 10:10:23 GMT
content-type
application/javascript
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220070-FRA
x-cache-hits
8137
x-guploader-uploadid
AHxI1nPzd8j6iywpcib8hI5O9k3dcdzoAmAUIJQAWdF5ImwtMMYc5RE2NraKLLEnxHEP7tsA3xk
vary
Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-goog-storage-class
STANDARD
x-timer
S1735535717.327633,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 varnish
accept-ranges
bytes
access-control-allow-origin
*
x-goog-generation
1723111823821020
x-cdn-origin
GCS
content-length
35080
server
UploadServer
polyfill-es5-bundle-572d4fec60.js
link.springer.com/oscar-static/js/
63 KB
24 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/js/polyfill-es5-bundle-572d4fec60.js
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1111.0 /
Resource Hash
73693b5357d26f698f11641321aa08508afe126854a249dd25c63d79892c092c
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1

Response headers

x-b3-spanid
5c91fc0e139fd9fc
content-encoding
gzip
age
2915665
traceparent
00-6487a7e6c3a94d475c91fc0e139fd9fc-c421044fc4df51ee-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
content-type
application/javascript
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220090-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 4351
tracestate
gorouter=aff361186f1f1fe4
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535717.311875,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
6487a7e6-c3a9-4d47-5c91-fc0e139fd9fc
x-b3-traceid
6487a7e6c3a94d475c91fc0e139fd9fc
content-length
24192
accept-ranges
bytes
server
Oscar Platform 0.1111.0
logo-springer-nature-link-3149409f62.svg
link.springer.com/oscar-static/images/darwin/header/img/
5 KB
3 KB
Image
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/images/darwin/header/img/logo-springer-nature-link-3149409f62.svg
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1110.0 /
Resource Hash
bfdccbb7fd8726781ec8f660339230a1bc347e42a965cfae65e8e2766c4333ee
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1

Response headers

x-b3-spanid
4dffda969499485c
content-encoding
gzip
age
2915620
traceparent
00-6966c28ce80c44a14dffda969499485c-c6841c975777ac4e-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:17 GMT
content-type
image/svg+xml
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220074-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 4417
tracestate
gorouter=a980b42326b2df61
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535717.312308,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
6966c28c-e80c-44a1-4dff-da969499485c
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QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.65.229 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
/
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
Strict-Transport-Security max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

access-control-expose-headers
*
content-encoding
br
etag
W/"df2-UxM5/KRj9NjRA/0j18ua9yOLI3w"
age
1647573
x-content-type-options
nosniff
x-jsd-version-type
version
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT
date
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content-type
application/javascript; charset=utf-8
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220116-FRA
vary
Accept-Encoding
strict-transport-security
max-age=31536000; includeSubDomains; preload
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, s-maxage=31536000, immutable
timing-allow-origin
*
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
accept-ranges
bytes
access-control-allow-origin
*
content-length
1547
x-jsd-version
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gpt.js
pagead2.googlesyndication.com/tag/js/
104 KB
33 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/tag/js/gpt.js
Requested by
Host: www.googletagmanager.com
URL: https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id=GTM-MRVXSHQ
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
142.250.186.34 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
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Software
cafe /
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
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Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
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Response headers

content-encoding
br
etag
934 / 20087 / m202412090101 / config-hash: 16775640167977932469
x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:18 GMT
alt-svc
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p3p
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date
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content-type
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vary
Accept-Encoding
content-disposition
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cache-control
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timing-allow-origin
*
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
access-control-allow-origin
*
content-length
33543
x-xss-protection
0
server
cafe
casa.js
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4 KB
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General
Full URL
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Requested by
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Protocol
H2
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
142.250.184.196 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
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Software
scholar /
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection 0

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

cache-control
public, max-age=3600
content-encoding
gzip
age
938
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:59:40 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
content-length
3473
x-xss-protection
0
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 04:59:40 GMT
content-disposition
attachment; filename="f.txt"
content-type
text/javascript
server
scholar
x-frame-options
SAMEORIGIN
exposed-details
idp.springer.com/
145 B
566 B
XHR
General
Full URL
https://idp.springer.com/exposed-details
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
/
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
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Strict-Transport-Security max-age=31536000 ; includeSubDomains
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
X-Frame-Options DENY
X-Xss-Protection 1; mode=block

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
0
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
MISS
date
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content-type
application/json
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0
x-frame-options
DENY
strict-transport-security
max-age=31536000 ; includeSubDomains
vary
x-forwarded-proto, Accept-Encoding
content-security-policy
frame-ancestors 'none';
cache-control
no-cache, no-store, max-age=0, must-revalidate
pragma
no-cache
x-timer
S1735535718.026135,VS0,VE16
access-control-allow-credentials
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via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
62d1e729-1552-42ba-7b01-a06ae1030ae8
access-control-allow-origin
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x-cdn-origin
SNPaaS
x-xss-protection
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accept-ranges
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collect-cmp
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35 B
277 B
Image
General
Full URL
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Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H2
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
185.142.146.48 , Netherlands, ASN396982 (GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
istio-envoy /
Resource Hash
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Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

cache-control
no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
pragma
no-cache
x-envoy-upstream-service-time
6
via
1.1 google
expires
Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
x-cache
miss
date
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:18 GMT
content-type
image/gif
x-served-by
HEM-8ad18b6f
server
istio-envoy
scholar_casa
scholar.google.com/
7 B
321 B
XHR
General
Full URL
https://scholar.google.com/scholar_casa?inbook_title=The%20Political%20Economy%20of%20Chinese%20FDI%20in%20Africa&title=Introduction%20to%20the%20Political%20Economy%20of%20Chinese%20FDI%20in%20Africa&publication_year=2024&firstpage=1&lastpage=24&language=en&doi=10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1&issn=3004-961X&isbn=978-3-031-74877-6&author=Mamo%2C%20Ayalew&publisher=Palgrave%20Macmillan%2C%20Cham&url=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1&pdfonly
Requested by
Host: scholar.google.com
URL: https://scholar.google.com/scholar_js/casa.js
Protocol
H2
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
142.250.184.196 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
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Software
scholar /
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
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X-Frame-Options SAMEORIGIN
X-Xss-Protection 0

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

content-encoding
gzip
x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 05:15:18 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
date
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content-type
application/json; charset=utf-8
vary
Origin
content-disposition
attachment; filename="f.txt"
x-frame-options
SAMEORIGIN
cache-control
private, max-age=0
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
access-control-allow-credentials
true
access-control-allow-origin
https://link.springer.com
content-length
27
x-xss-protection
0
server
scholar
pubads_impl.js
pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202412090101/
492 KB
153 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/js/gpt/m202412090101/pubads_impl.js
Requested by
Host: pagead2.googlesyndication.com
URL: https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/tag/js/gpt.js
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
142.250.186.34 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
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Software
cafe /
Resource Hash
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Security Headers
Name Value
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
X-Xss-Protection 0

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

content-encoding
br
etag
5395541545685299795
age
52883
x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
Mon, 29 Dec 2025 14:33:55 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
p3p
policyref="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/p3p.xml", CP="NOI DEV PSA PSD IVA IVD OTP OUR OTR IND OTC"
date
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content-disposition
attachment; filename="f.txt"
content-type
text/javascript; charset=UTF-8
vary
Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, immutable, max-age=31536000
timing-allow-origin
*
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
access-control-allow-origin
*
content-length
156760
x-xss-protection
0
server
cafe
core-spl.js
cdn.pbgrd.com/
5 KB
2 KB
Script
General
Full URL
https://cdn.pbgrd.com/core-spl.js
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
HTTP/1.1
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server
18.66.112.96 , United States, ASN16509 (AMAZON-02, US),
Reverse DNS
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Software
AmazonS3 /
Resource Hash
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Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

Content-Encoding
gzip
x-amz-version-id
nWW9tAabdI7zATrxe3xDUr2Qsja9O2wZ
ETag
W/"322f7f40e0ceb3c9273d8a5b2674f841"
Age
79336
X-Cache
Hit from cloudfront
X-Amz-Cf-Id
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Date
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Content-Type
application/javascript; charset=UTF-8
Vary
accept-encoding
Last-Modified
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Transfer-Encoding
chunked
Cache-Control
max-age=86400, must-revalidate
Connection
keep-alive
Via
1.1 3517ce13630d84c5b14e88de469985cc.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)
X-Amz-Cf-Pop
FRA56-P5
Server
AmazonS3
x-amz-server-side-encryption
AES256
gpt
pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/dict/m202412050101/
63 KB
22 KB
Other
General
Full URL
https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/managed/dict/m202412050101/gpt
Requested by
Host: link.springer.com
URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-74877-6_1
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_128_GCM
Server
142.250.186.34 , United States, ASN15169 (GOOGLE, US),
Reverse DNS
fra24s04-in-f2.1e100.net
Software
cafe /
Resource Hash
3afadb2c1b557e72372f35ddac45c9638faa3de842363f36e560ab7d1045b32a
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Content-Type-Options nosniff
X-Xss-Protection 0

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer

Response headers

content-encoding
br
etag
4443559573512225521
age
39556
x-content-type-options
nosniff
expires
Mon, 30 Dec 2024 18:16:02 GMT
alt-svc
h3=":443"; ma=2592000,h3-29=":443"; ma=2592000
p3p
policyref="https://www.googleadservices.com/pagead/p3p.xml", CP="NOI DEV PSA PSD IVA IVD OTP OUR OTR IND OTC"
date
Sun, 29 Dec 2024 18:16:02 GMT
content-type
text/plain; charset=UTF-8
vary
Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=86400, stale-while-revalidate=7200
timing-allow-origin
*
cross-origin-resource-policy
cross-origin
access-control-allow-origin
*
content-length
22952
x-xss-protection
0
server
cafe
use-as-dictionary
match="/gampad/ads", id="m202412050101"
adjs.php
delivery.pbgrd.com/network/
304 B
658 B
XHR
General
Full URL
https://delivery.pbgrd.com/network/adjs.php?platform=spl&zones=301,153&pageid=10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1&journal=&outerheight=1200&outerwidth=1600&location=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Fchapter%2F10.1007%2F978-3-031-74877-6_1
Requested by
Host: cdn.pbgrd.com
URL: https://cdn.pbgrd.com/core-spl.js
Protocol
HTTP/1.1
Security
TLS 1.3, , AES_256_GCM
Server
46.4.70.163 Berlin, Germany, ASN24940 (HETZNER-AS Hetzner Online GmbH, DE),
Reverse DNS
delivery.pbgrd.com
Software
Apache/2.4.62 (Debian) /
Resource Hash
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Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
https://link.springer.com/

Response headers

Cache-Control
max-age=0, no-cache, no-store, must-revalidate
Pragma
no-cache
Connection
Keep-Alive
Expires
Wed, 1 Jan 1984 05:00:00 GMT
Access-Control-Allow-Origin
*
Content-Length
304
Keep-Alive
timeout=2, max=2
Date
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Content-Type
text/json;charset=UTF-8
Server
Apache/2.4.62 (Debian)
favicon-c6d59aafac.ico
link.springer.com/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/
15 KB
4 KB
Other
General
Full URL
https://link.springer.com/oscar-static/img/favicons/darwin/favicon-c6d59aafac.ico
Protocol
H3
Security
QUIC, , AES_256_GCM
Server
151.101.64.95 San Francisco, United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software
Oscar Platform 0.1128.0 /
Resource Hash
54e3a88e3e8b083db3f37e40154242ffe726d37ba44ee3f4f3d5a177f677b94a
Security Headers
Name Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Request headers

User-Agent
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/131.0.0.0 Safari/537.36
Referer
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Response headers

x-b3-spanid
756b41ab68f222d1
content-encoding
gzip
age
2917039
traceparent
00-cbcc1561e48d4c65756b41ab68f222d1-bc6cd38bc3ec71e2-01
alt-svc
h3=":443";ma=86400,h3-29=":443";ma=86400,h3-27=":443";ma=86400
x-cache
HIT, MISS, HIT
date
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content-type
image/x-icon
x-served-by
cache-fra-etou8220098-FRA, cache-fra-etou8220108-FRA
x-cache-hits
0, 936
tracestate
gorouter=143e48b4c8ccddea
x-frame-options
DENY
x-dump-request-bodies
0
vary
x-frame-options,X-Oscar-Cache-Mode, Accept-Encoding
cache-control
public, max-age=31536000, immutable
x-b3-sampled
1
x-timer
S1735535718.480857,VS0,VE0
via
1.1 google, 1.1 varnish, 1.1 varnish
x-vcap-request-id
cbcc1561-e48d-4c65-756b-41ab68f222d1
x-b3-traceid
cbcc1561e48d4c65756b41ab68f222d1
content-length
3696
accept-ranges
bytes
server
Oscar Platform 0.1128.0

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

28 JavaScript Global Variables

These are the non-standard "global" variables defined on the window object. These can be helpful in identifying possible client-side frameworks and code.

object| 0 object| dataLayer function| initGTM object| config object| Component boolean| onArticlePage boolean| buyboxInitialised object| regeneratorRuntime object| sncc function| __tcfapi object| MathJax object| google_tag_manager object| google_tag_data boolean| accessDetailsLoadedHandlerAdded function| parse function| dispatch string| site string| idpUrl object| transport boolean| idpUserDataLoaded object| googletag object| ggeac object| google_js_reporting_queue function| createAndLoadAds object| adSlots function| getAd object| google_reactive_ads_global_state object| PubGrade

9 Cookies

Domain/Path Name / Value
.springer.com/ Name: sim-inst-token
Value: ""
.springer.com/ Name: trackid
Value: "u3b2b84g4eimueyup7bxnekxq"
.springer.com/ Name: idp_session
Value: sVERSION_12f4a9e77-f9d6-476c-9ae5-43fde277a894
.springer.com/ Name: idp_session_http
Value: hVERSION_14212fd08-0d45-4476-b4f0-8dd4436aff79
.springer.com/ Name: idp_marker
Value: 452b12d4-46c7-4e43-8648-9e9a120bade6
.springer.com/ Name: user.uuid.v2
Value: "5c45b360-68b2-454e-aced-7935b3fd17ae"
.springer.com/ Name: sncc
Value: P%3D17%3AV%3D52.0.0%26C%3DC01%26D%3Dfalse
.springer.com/ Name: sncc_tc_17
Value: CQKctkAQKctkAGgABAENBWFgAAAAAAAAAAYgAAAAAADBIAMAAQTLHQAYAAgmWQgAwABBMslABgACCZZSADAAEEyy0AGAAIJlgAAA.YAAAAAAAAAAA
.scholar.google.com/ Name: GSP
Value: LM=1735535718:S=pZFR_HCCDavHixLa

Security Headers

This page lists any security headers set by the main page. If you want to understand what these mean and how to use them, head on over to this page

Header Value
X-Frame-Options DENY

Indicators

This is a term in the security industry to describe indicators such as IPs, Domains, Hashes, etc. This does not imply that any of these indicate malicious activity.

cart.springer.com
cdn.jsdelivr.net
cdn.pbgrd.com
cmp.springer.com
delivery.pbgrd.com
idp.springer.com
link.springer.com
media.springernature.com
pagead2.googlesyndication.com
scholar.google.com
sgtm.springer.com
storage.googleapis.com
www.googletagmanager.com
142.250.184.196
142.250.186.34
151.101.192.95
151.101.64.95
151.101.65.229
18.66.112.96
185.142.146.48
2a00:1450:4001:812::201b
2a00:1450:4001:82a::2008
2a04:4e42:400::485
46.4.70.163
04d85fdaa240e9c6964c1b3afe75b8802720a8d9a98e6c35f346f599b1113af4
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