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Home Open Access News Pharma A World Health Organization perspective on
cannabidiol (CBD)
 * Open Access News
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A WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PERSPECTIVE ON CANNABIDIOL (CBD)

January 15, 2020
© Evgeniy Parilov |


HERE, WE DISCOVER THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PERSPECTIVE ON CANNABIDIOL
(CBD), INCLUDING HOW THERE HAS BEEN A SHIFT IN HOW CBD IS SOCIALLY PERCEIVED
FOLLOWING REPORTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Cannabidiol, or CBD as it is generally known, is one of the main active
compounds found in the cannabis plant. Unlike Tetrahydrocannbinol (THC) – the
other main active compound in the cannabis plant — CBD is not psychoactive so
using it does not result in the high associated with cannabis. As CBD is
considered an extract of the cannabis plant, there is not the same international
controls around its production and supply to the market as there is for the
cannabis plant itself.


CBD STUDIES

In November 2017, the WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence (ECDD) came to the
decision that CBD “does not appear to have abuse potential or cause harm.” In
animal studies and in controlled human studies, physical dependence on CBD has
not been identified. For example, in studies with mice, there were no tolerance
or withdrawal effects found. Similarly, it does not appear to have a stimulus,
intoxication, physiological or psychotic effects.

For example, “an orally administered dose of 600mg of CBD did not differ from
placebo on the scales of the Addiction Research Centre Inventory, a 16 item
Visual Analogue Mood Scale, subjective level of intoxication or psychotic
symptoms.” In contrast to the dopamine release in cells that occurs with most
drugs of abuse, during animal testing CBD showed no such release. As well as
this, THC use has been connected to anxiety and increased heart rate, but these
symptoms have not been found in volunteers in CBD trials.


CBD MARKET

Following on from this, in December 2017, WHO officially recommended that CBD
should not be “internationally scheduled as a controlled substance.” As a result
of these findings and recommendations by WHO, many countries including the
United Kingdom, the United States of America, Canada and Australia have all
relaxed regulations around CBD.

In line with these reports and recommendations, there has been a shift in how
CBD is socially perceived, and the market for CBD products is steadily growing.
In fact, there are now hundreds of thousands of regular CBD users in the United
Kingdom alone. CBD is readily available on the market, both in shops and online
and consumers can buy it in different forms, such as an oil to be orally
consumed, supplements, gums or as an e-liquid for e-cigarettes and vapes.


CBD AND EPILEPSY

There is currently no evidence that recreational use of CBD is connected to any
health problems. In fact, it is considered to have many health benefits and is
used to treat many health difficulties including stress, sleep difficulties,
anxiety, other mental health difficulties, and chronic pain. The New England
Journal of Medicine has run controlled studies on both humans and animals that
suggest CBD has a valuable therapeutic use for epilepsy, seizures and spasms.

While more research needs to be done, there is already some evidence that CBD
has medical use for calming spasms, during epileptic seizures and even limiting
seizures altogether. In a small double-blind placebo trial, four patients were
given 200mg of CBD a day and four patients were given a placebo for three
months, which they took on top of their usual medication. Two of the patients
trialling CBD saw improvements with no seizures during the time period, which
one partially improved and one saw no change. Whereas, “no improvements were
observed in the placebo group.”

In this study, as well as others, no toxic effects or serious side effects were
noted. In another double-blind placebo-controlled trial, CBD was used as part of
treatment for Dravet syndrome which is “a complex childhood epilepsy disorder
that is associated with drug-resistant seizures and a high mortality rate.”

In the patients who took CBD along with their other treatment, the medium
frequency of convulsive seizures in a month fell from 12.4 to 5.9 and 5% of
patients had no seizures. This contrasts with the results of the patients taking
the placebo, where the medium frequency of seizures fell from 14.9 to 14.1 and
no patients experienced any seizures. However, the side effects from the CBD
were experienced at a higher rate in patients taking CBD than patients taking
the placebo. These side effects included diarrhoea, loss of appetite,
somnolence, vomiting and fatigue.

The research into CBD and epilepsy is more advanced than the use of CBD to treat
other medical conditions but there is some evidence – both pre-clinical and
clinical – that CBD could have “neuroprotective, antiepileptic,
hypoxia-ischemia, anxiolytic, antipsychotic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory,
anti-asthmatic, and antitumor properties.” Therefore, in the future, CBD may
have therapeutic benefits for a range of medical conditions from arthritis to
depression.

 

References

CANNABIDIOL (CBD) Critical Review Report Expert Committee on Drug Dependence
Fortieth Meeting Geneva, 4-7 June 2018
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/CannabidiolCriticalReview.pdf

CANNABIDIOL (CBD) Pre-Review Report Agenda Item 5.2 Expert Committee on Drug
Dependence Thirty-ninth Meeting Geneva, 6-10 November 2017
https://www.who.int/medicines/access/controlled-substances/5.2_CBD.pdf

The health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use
https://www.who.int/substance_abuse/publications/msbcannabis.pdf (ISBN 978 92 4
151024 0)

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 * Tags
 * Cannabis
 * CBD
 * OAG 025 - January 2020
 * World Health Organization

EDITOR'S RECOMMENDED ARTICLES

 * Must Read >> CBD market value expected to be almost £1 billion by 2025
   
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2 COMMENTS

 1. Peter Reynolds January 15, 2020 At 5:33 pm
    
    There has been no relaxation, nor change of any sort concerning CBD in the
    UK. It is not a controlled drug and never has been. In fact there are no
    regulations, nor laws specifically about CBD in the UK at all.
    
    Reply
    
 2. Best CBD For Post Surgery Pain – CBD Living - Super Food Store | Superfoods
    Supermarket | Superfoods Grocery Store July 23, 2022 At 9:35 pm
    
    […] to the perspective of the World Health Organization, there is no
    indication that the use of CBD has been associated with any public health
    problems. […]
    
    Reply
    




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