tryhackme.com
Open in
urlscan Pro
2606:4700:10::6816:36e4
Public Scan
Submitted URL: https://tinyurl.com/yckwy2xa
Effective URL: https://tryhackme.com/r/room/dnsindetail
Submission: On April 03 via manual from IN — Scanned from DE
Effective URL: https://tryhackme.com/r/room/dnsindetail
Submission: On April 03 via manual from IN — Scanned from DE
Form analysis 14 forms found in the DOM
<form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="1" name="1" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="1" name="1" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button><button color="hint" type="button" role="button"
class="sc-kAyceB dtlBUx sc-llmXeD eRdvLe"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="far" data-icon="lightbulb" class="svg-inline--fa fa-lightbulb " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512">
<path fill="currentColor"
d="M112.1 454.3c0 6.297 1.816 12.44 5.284 17.69l17.14 25.69c5.25 7.875 17.17 14.28 26.64 14.28h61.67c9.438 0 21.36-6.401 26.61-14.28l17.08-25.68c2.938-4.438 5.348-12.37 5.348-17.7L272 415.1h-160L112.1 454.3zM192 0C90.02 .3203 16 82.97 16 175.1c0 44.38 16.44 84.84 43.56 115.8c16.53 18.84 42.34 58.23 52.22 91.45c.0313 .25 .0938 .5166 .125 .7823h160.2c.0313-.2656 .0938-.5166 .125-.7823c9.875-33.22 35.69-72.61 52.22-91.45C351.6 260.8 368 220.4 368 175.1C368 78.8 289.2 .0039 192 0zM288.4 260.1c-15.66 17.85-35.04 46.3-49.05 75.89h-94.61c-14.01-29.59-33.39-58.04-49.04-75.88C75.24 236.8 64 206.1 64 175.1C64 113.3 112.1 48.25 191.1 48C262.6 48 320 105.4 320 175.1C320 206.1 308.8 236.8 288.4 260.1zM176 80C131.9 80 96 115.9 96 160c0 8.844 7.156 16 16 16S128 168.8 128 160c0-26.47 21.53-48 48-48c8.844 0 16-7.148 16-15.99S184.8 80 176 80z">
</path>
</svg>Hint</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="2" name="2" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="3" name="3" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="4" name="4" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="1" name="1" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="2" name="2" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="1" name="1" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="2" name="2" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="3" name="3" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="1" name="1" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="2" name="2" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button><button color="hint" type="button" role="button"
class="sc-kAyceB dtlBUx sc-llmXeD eRdvLe"><svg aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" data-prefix="far" data-icon="lightbulb" class="svg-inline--fa fa-lightbulb " role="img" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 384 512">
<path fill="currentColor"
d="M112.1 454.3c0 6.297 1.816 12.44 5.284 17.69l17.14 25.69c5.25 7.875 17.17 14.28 26.64 14.28h61.67c9.438 0 21.36-6.401 26.61-14.28l17.08-25.68c2.938-4.438 5.348-12.37 5.348-17.7L272 415.1h-160L112.1 454.3zM192 0C90.02 .3203 16 82.97 16 175.1c0 44.38 16.44 84.84 43.56 115.8c16.53 18.84 42.34 58.23 52.22 91.45c.0313 .25 .0938 .5166 .125 .7823h160.2c.0313-.2656 .0938-.5166 .125-.7823c9.875-33.22 35.69-72.61 52.22-91.45C351.6 260.8 368 220.4 368 175.1C368 78.8 289.2 .0039 192 0zM288.4 260.1c-15.66 17.85-35.04 46.3-49.05 75.89h-94.61c-14.01-29.59-33.39-58.04-49.04-75.88C75.24 236.8 64 206.1 64 175.1C64 113.3 112.1 48.25 191.1 48C262.6 48 320 105.4 320 175.1C320 206.1 308.8 236.8 288.4 260.1zM176 80C131.9 80 96 115.9 96 160c0 8.844 7.156 16 16 16S128 168.8 128 160c0-26.47 21.53-48 48-48c8.844 0 16-7.148 16-15.99S184.8 80 176 80z">
</path>
</svg>Hint</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="3" name="3" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form><form class="sc-hbksqY gBsoom">
<div class="sc-ceRSdx djtTKL">
<div class="sc-fBdRDi fDoCCF">
<div class="sc-gEvEer sc-hknOHE dUlYmO KWbdf"><input id="4" name="4" data-testid="answer-field" autocomplete="off" placeholder="Login to answer.." class="sc-JrDLc iiVEib" value="" disabled=""></div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sc-eSjNTi cDSPCT"><button color="add" type="submit" role="button" class="sc-kAyceB bWrVDc sc-llmXeD sc-NjQoD eRdvLe jYSYXw">Login to answer..</button></div>
</form>Text Content
You need to enable JavaScript to run this app.
* Learn
* Compete
* For Education
* For Business
* Pricing
Learn
Compete
For Education
For Business
Pricing
Log InJoin for FREE
Log InJoin for FREE
* Pre Security
* How The Web Works
* DNS in detail
DNS IN DETAIL
Learn how DNS works and how it helps you access internet services.
easy
45 min
Help
7259
Room progress ( 0% )
To access material, start machines and answer questions login.
DNS in Detail • Jul 10, 2021
Source: YouTube
Task 1What is DNS?
What is DNS?
DNS (Domain Name System) provides a simple way for us to communicate with
devices on the internet without remembering complex numbers. Much like every
house has a unique address for sending mail directly to it, every computer on
the internet has its own unique address to communicate with it called an IP
address. An IP address looks like the following 104.26.10.229, 4 sets of digits
ranging from 0 - 255 separated by a period. When you want to visit a website,
it's not exactly convenient to remember this complicated set of numbers, and
that's where DNS can help. So instead of remembering 104.26.10.229, you can
remember tryhackme.com instead.
Answer the questions below
What does DNS stand for?
Login to answer..
Task 2Domain Hierarchy
Domain Hierarchy
TLD (Top-Level Domain)
A TLD is the most righthand part of a domain name. So, for example, the
tryhackme.com TLD is .com. There are two types of TLD, gTLD (Generic Top Level)
and ccTLD (Country Code Top Level Domain). Historically a gTLD was meant to tell
the user the domain name's purpose; for example, a .com would be for commercial
purposes, .org for an organisation, .edu for education and .gov for government.
And a ccTLD was used for geographical purposes, for example, .ca for sites based
in Canada, .co.uk for sites based in the United Kingdom and so on. Due to such
demand, there is an influx of new gTLDs ranging from .online , .club , .website
, .biz and so many more. For a full list of over 2000 TLDs click here.
Second-Level Domain
Taking tryhackme.com as an example, the .com part is the TLD, and tryhackme is
the Second Level Domain. When registering a domain name, the second-level domain
is limited to 63 characters + the TLD and can only use a-z 0-9 and hyphens
(cannot start or end with hyphens or have consecutive hyphens).
Subdomain
A subdomain sits on the left-hand side of the Second-Level Domain using a period
to separate it; for example, in the name admin.tryhackme.com the admin part is
the subdomain. A subdomain name has the same creation restrictions as a
Second-Level Domain, being limited to 63 characters and can only use a-z 0-9 and
hyphens (cannot start or end with hyphens or have consecutive hyphens). You can
use multiple subdomains split with periods to create longer names, such as
jupiter.servers.tryhackme.com. But the length must be kept to 253 characters or
less. There is no limit to the number of subdomains you can create for your
domain name.
Answer the questions below
What is the maximum length of a subdomain?
Login to answer..Hint
Which of the following characters cannot be used in a subdomain ( 3 b _ - )?
Login to answer..
What is the maximum length of a domain name?
Login to answer..
What type of TLD is .co.uk?
Login to answer..
Task 3Record Types
DNS Record Types
DNS isn't just for websites though, and multiple types of DNS record exist.
We'll go over some of the most common ones that you're likely to come across.
A Record
These records resolve to IPv4 addresses, for example 104.26.10.229
AAAA Record
These records resolve to IPv6 addresses, for example 2606:4700:20::681a:be5
CNAME Record
These records resolve to another domain name, for example, TryHackMe's online
shop has the subdomain name store.tryhackme.com which returns a CNAME record
shops.shopify.com. Another DNS request would then be made to shops.shopify.com
to work out the IP address.
MX Record
These records resolve to the address of the servers that handle the email for
the domain you are querying, for example an MX record response for tryhackme.com
would look something like alt1.aspmx.l.google.com. These records also come with
a priority flag. This tells the client in which order to try the servers, this
is perfect for if the main server goes down and email needs to be sent to a
backup server.
TXT Record
TXT records are free text fields where any text-based data can be stored. TXT
records have multiple uses, but some common ones can be to list servers that
have the authority to send an email on behalf of the domain (this can help in
the battle against spam and spoofed email). They can also be used to verify
ownership of the domain name when signing up for third party services.
Answer the questions below
What type of record would be used to advise where to send email?
Login to answer..
What type of record handles IPv6 addresses?
Login to answer..
Task 4Making A Request
What happens when you make a DNS request
1. When you request a domain name, your computer first checks its local cache
to see if you've previously looked up the address recently; if not, a
request to your Recursive DNS Server will be made.
2. A Recursive DNS Server is usually provided by your ISP, but you can also
choose your own. This server also has a local cache of recently looked up
domain names. If a result is found locally, this is sent back to your
computer, and your request ends here (this is common for popular and heavily
requested services such as Google, Facebook, Twitter). If the request cannot
be found locally, a journey begins to find the correct answer, starting with
the internet's root DNS servers.
3. The root servers act as the DNS backbone of the internet; their job is to
redirect you to the correct Top Level Domain Server, depending on your
request. If, for example, you request www.tryhackme.com, the root server
will recognise the Top Level Domain of .com and refer you to the correct TLD
server that deals with .com addresses.
4. The TLD server holds records for where to find the authoritative server to
answer the DNS request. The authoritative server is often also known as the
nameserver for the domain. For example, the name server for tryhackme.com is
kip.ns.cloudflare.com and uma.ns.cloudflare.com. You'll often find multiple
nameservers for a domain name to act as a backup in case one goes down.
5. An authoritative DNS server is the server that is responsible for storing
the DNS records for a particular domain name and where any updates to your
domain name DNS records would be made. Depending on the record type, the DNS
record is then sent back to the Recursive DNS Server, where a local copy
will be cached for future requests and then relayed back to the original
client that made the request. DNS records all come with a TTL (Time To Live)
value. This value is a number represented in seconds that the response
should be saved for locally until you have to look it up again. Caching
saves on having to make a DNS request every time you communicate with a
server.
Answer the questions below
What field specifies how long a DNS record should be cached for?
Login to answer..
What type of DNS Server is usually provided by your ISP?
Login to answer..
What type of server holds all the records for a domain?
Login to answer..
Task 5Practical
Task includes website
View Site
Using the website on the right, we can build requests to make DNS queries and
view the results. The website will also show you the command you'd need to run
on your own computer if you wished to make the requests yourself.
Answer the questions below
What is the CNAME of shop.website.thm?
Login to answer..
What is the value of the TXT record of website.thm?
Login to answer..Hint
What is the numerical priority value for the MX record?
Login to answer..
What is the IP address for the A record of www.website.thm?
Login to answer..
Created by
tryhackme
Room Type
Free Room. Anyone can deploy virtual machines in the room (without being
subscribed)!
Users in Room
325,052
Created
1058 days ago
LEARNING
* Hands-on labs
* For Business
* For Education
* Competitive Hacking
RESOURCES
* About Us
* Newsroom
* Blog
* Glossary
SHOP
* Buy Vouchers
* Swag Shop
GET IN TOUCH
* Contact Us
* Forum
We're a gamified, hands-on cyber security training platform that you can access
through your browser.
128 City Road, London, United Kingdom, EC1V 2NX
Copyright TryHackMe 2018-2024
Privacy PolicyTerms of UseAcceptable Use PolicyCookie Policy
Exit split view