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HOW TO CREATE A SCATTER PLOT IN EXCEL

by Svetlana Cheusheva, updated on March 16, 2023



In this tutorial, you will learn how to do a scatter plot in Excel to create a
graphical representation of two correlated data sets.

When looking at two columns of quantitative data in your Excel spreadsheet, what
do you see? Just two sets of numbers. Do you want to see how the two sets are
related to each other? The scatter plot is the ideal graph choice for this.

 * Scatter plot in Excel
 * How to organize data for a scatter chart
 * How to make a scatter plot in Excel
 * Scatter chart types
 * 3D scatter plot in Excel
 * Scatter graph and correlation
 * Customizing scatter plot
   * Adjust the axis scale to reduce white space
   * Add Excel scatter plot labels
   * Add a trendline
   * Swap X and Y data series




SCATTER PLOT IN EXCEL

A scatter plot (also called an XY graph, or scatter diagram) is a
two-dimensional chart that shows the relationship between two variables.

In a scatter graph, both horizontal and vertical axes are value axes that plot
numeric data. Typically, the independent variable is on the x-axis, and the
dependent variable on the y-axis. The chart displays values at the intersection
of an x and y axis, combined into single data points.

The main purpose of a scatter plot is to show how strong the relationship, or
correlation, between the two variables is. The tighter the data points fall
along a straight line, the higher the correlation.


HOW TO ARRANGE DATA FOR A SCATTER CHART

With a variety of inbuilt chart templates provided by Excel, creating a scatter
diagram turns into a couple-of-clicks job. But first, you need to arrange your
source data properly.

As already mentioned, a scatter graph displays two interrelated quantitative
variables. So, you enter two sets of numeric data into two separate columns.

For ease of use, the independent variable should be in the left column as this
column is going to be plotted on the x axis. The dependent variable (the one
affected by the independent variable) should be in the right column, and it will
be plotted on the y axis.

Tip. If your dependent column comes before the independent column and there is
no way you can change this in a worksheet, you can the swap x and y axes
directly on a chart.

In our example, we are going to visualize the relationship between the
advertising budget for a certain month (independent variable) and the number of
items sold (dependent variable), so we arrange the data accordingly:


HOW TO CREATE A SCATTER PLOT IN EXCEL

With the source data correctly organized, making a scatter plot in Excel takes
these two quick steps:

 1. Select two columns with numeric data, including the column headers. In our
    case, it is the range C1:D13. Do not select any other columns to avoid
    confusing Excel.
 2. Go to the Inset tab > Chats group, click the Scatter chart icon, and select
    the desired template. To insert a classic scatter graph, click the first
    thumbnail:

The scatter diagram will be immediately inserted in your worksheet:

Basically, you may consider the work done. Or, you can customize some elements
of your graph to make it look more beautiful and to convey the correlation
between the two variables clearer.



SCATTER CHART TYPES

Besides the classic scatter plot shown in the above example, a few more
templates are available:

 * Scatter with smooth lines and markers
 * Scatter with smooth lines
 * Scatter with straight lines and markers
 * Scatter with straight lines

Scatter with lines is best to be used when you have few data points. For
example, here's how you can represent the data for the first four months by
using the scatter graph with smooth lines and markers:

The Excel XY plot templates can also draw each variable separately, presenting
the same relationships in a different way. For this, you should select 3 columns
with data - the leftmost column with text values (labels), and the two columns
with numbers.

In our example, the blue dots represent advertising cost, and orange dots
represent the items sold:

To view all available scatter types in one place, select your data, click the
Scatter (X, Y) icon on the ribbon, and then click More Scatter Charts… This will
open the Inset Chart dialog box with the XY (Scatter) type selected, and you
switch between the different templates at the top to see which one provides the
best graphic representation of your data:


3D SCATTER PLOT

Unlike a classic XY scatter chart, a 3D scatter plot displays data points on
three axes (x, y, and z) in order to show the relationship between three
variables. Therefore, it is often called an XYZ plot.

Regrettably, there is no way to create a 3D scatter plot in Excel, even in the
new version of Excel 2019. If you strongly need this chart type for your data
analysis, consider using some third-party tool, like plot.ly. The screenshot
below shows what kind of a 3D scatter graph this tool can draw:


SCATTER GRAPH AND CORRELATION

To interpret the scatter plot correctly, you need to understand how the
variables can relate to each other. Overall, there exist three types of
correlation:

Positive Correlation - as the x variable increases, so does the y variable. An
example of a strong positive correlation is the amount of time the students
spend studying and their grades.

Negative Correlation - as the x variable increase, the y variable decreases.
Ditching classes and grades are negatively correlated - as the number of
absences increases, the exam scores decrease.

No Correlation - there is no evident relationship between the two variables; the
dots are scattered around the entire chart area. For example, students' height
and grades appear to have no correlation as the former does not affect the
latter in any way.


CUSTOMIZING XY SCATTER PLOT IN EXCEL

As with other chart types, nearly each element of a scatter graph in Excel is
customizable. You can easily change the chart title, add axis titles, hide the
gridlines, choose your own chart colors, and more.

Below we will focus on a few customizations specific to a scatter plot.


ADJUST THE AXIS SCALE (REDUCE WHITE SPACE)

In case your data points are clustered at the top, bottom, right, or left side
of the graph, you may want to clean up the extra white space.

To reduce the space between the first data point and the vertical axis and/or
between the last data point and the right edge of the graph, perform these
steps:

 1. Right-click the x axis, and click Format Axis…
 2. On the Format Axis pane, set the desired Minimum and Maximum bounds as
    appropriate.
 3. Additionally, you can change the Major units that control the spacing
    between the gridlines.

The below screenshot shows my settings:

To remove space between the data points and the top/bottom edges of the plot
area, format the vertical y axis in a similar manner.



ADD LABELS TO SCATTER PLOT DATA POINTS

When creating a scatter graph with a relatively small number of data points, you
may wish to label the points by name to make your visual better understandable.
Here's how you can do this:

 1. Select the plot and click the Chart Elements button.
 2. Tick off the Data Labels box, click the little black arrow next to it, and
    then click More Options…
 3. On the Format Data Labels pane, switch to the Label Options tab (the last
    one), and configure your data labels in this way:

 * Select the Value From Cells box, and then select the range from which you
   want to pull data labels (B2:B6 in our case).
 * If you'd like to display only the names, clear the X Value and/or Y Value box
   to remove the numeric values from the labels.
 * Specify the labels position, Above data points in our example.

That's it! All data points in our Excel scatter plot are now labeled by name:

Tip: How to fix overlapping labels

When two or more data points are very close to each other, their labels may
overlap, as is the case with the Jan and Mar labels in our scatter diagram. To
fix this, click on the labels, and then click on the overlapping one so that
only that label gets selected. Point your mouse cursor to the selected label
until the cursor changes to the four-sided arrow, and then drag the label to the
desired position.

As the result, you will have a nice Excel scatter plot with perfectly legible
labels:


ADD A TRENDLINE AND EQUATION

To better visualize the relationship between the two variables, you can draw a
trendline in your Excel scatter graph, also called a line of best fit.

To have it done, right click on any data point and choose Add Trendline… from
the context menu.

Excel will draw a line as close as possible to all data points so that there are
as many points above the line as below.

Additionally, you can show the equation for the trendline that mathematically
describes the relationship between the two variables. For this, check the
Display Equation on Chart box on the Format Trendline pane that should appear in
the right part of your Excel window immediately after you've added a trendline.
The result of these manipulations will look similar to this:

What you see in the screenshot above is often called the linear regression
graph, and you can find the detailed guidelines on how to create it here: How to
make a linear regression graph in Excel.



HOW TO SWITCH X AND Y AXES IN A SCATTER CHART

As already mentioned, a scatter plot usually displays the independent variable
on the horizonal axis and the dependent variable on the vertical axis. If your
graph is plotted differently, the easiest fix is to swap the source columns in
your worksheet, and then draw the chart anew.

If for some reason rearranging the columns is not possible, you can switch the X
and Y data series directly on a chart. Here's how:

 1. Right-click any axis and click Select Data… in the context menu.
 2. In the Select Data Sourcedialog window, click the Edit button.
 3. Copy Series X valuesto the Series Y values box and vice versa.
    
    Tip. To safely edit the contents of the Series boxes, put the mouse pointer
    in the box, and press F2.

 4. Click OK twice to close both windows.

As the result, your Excel scatter plot will undergo this transformation:

Tip. If you need to find a specific data point in a graph, this tutorial will
teach you how to find, highlight and label a data point in a scatter plot.

That's how you create a scatter plot in Excel. In our next tutorial, we will
continue with this topic and show how to quickly find and highlight a certain
data point in a scatter graph. Please stay tuned!


YOU MAY ALSO BE INTERESTED IN

 * How to make a graph in Excel
 * How to customize an Excel chart
 * Make an Excel chart from different sheets
 * How to make a heat map in Excel
 * How to create a Pareto chart in Excel
 * Highlight active row and column in Excel
 * How to draw a line graph in Excel

EXCEL: FEATURED ARTICLES

 * Merge multiple sheets into one
 * Combine Excel files into one
 * Compare two files / worksheets
 * Merge 2 columns in Excel
 * Compare 2 columns in Excel for matches and differences
 * How to merge two or more tables in Excel
 * CONCATENATE in Excel: combine text strings, cells and columns
 * Create calendar in Excel (drop-down and printable)
 * 3 ways to remove spaces between words



Table of contents

 * Scatter plot in Excel
 * How to organize data for a scatter chart
 * How to make a scatter plot in Excel
 * Scatter chart types
 * 3D scatter plot in Excel
 * Scatter graph and correlation
 * Customizing scatter plot
   * Adjust the axis scale to reduce white space
   * Add Excel scatter plot labels
   * Add a trendline
   * Swap X and Y data series
 * Related articles

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13 COMMENTS

 1.  HXK says:
     2021-03-13 at 2:32 pm
     
     This doesn't work - why the hell is Excel so counter-intuitive, you'd think
     selecting two columns of numeric data and clicking on scatter graph would
     make a simple scatter graph, wouldn't you? Not in the Microsoft world where
     the whole idea is that you need to be 'trained' to use Microsoft
     applications. Excel is, even more than it heretofore, an absolute piece of
     garbage.
     
     Reply
     * AC says:
       2021-08-17 at 4:17 pm
       
       You bet!
       
       Reply
       
     
 2.  Ma.B says:
     2021-02-26 at 8:44 pm
     
     in "How to switch X and Y axes in a scatter chart" why do it? I can not
     understand this and I can not do this.
     
     Reply
     * Svetlana Cheusheva says:
       2021-03-15 at 9:30 am
       
       Hello!
       
       In a a scatter plot, the independent variable is normally displayed on
       the horizonal axis (X) and the dependent variable on the vertical axis
       (Y). If, for whatever reason, your variables are plotted the other way
       round, you can swap the axes directly on the graph.
       
       Reply
       
     
 3.  Steph says:
     2020-07-15 at 1:02 am
     
     On my X axis I want Day 1, Day 2 upto Day 6. But I have multiple data
     points per day, so my X axis is 0-12 as I have 12 data points over the
     first 4 days....how do I change to Day 1, Day 2 etc.?
     
     Reply
     
 4.  Dr David Morley says:
     2020-06-18 at 2:04 pm
     
     In my rather old Microsoft Office, when you make a scatter plot, the points
     are coloured rectangles and they are rather large. Is there a way to make
     them smaller and, preferably into circular dots ?
     
     Reply
     
 5.  Talha says:
     2020-02-28 at 8:45 am
     
     I have had this issue, where i was unable to get them with group colors,
     taking the above example into consideration i want to represent dots with
     different color based over month.
     
     Please suggest a solution
     
     Reply
     
 6.  Harun says:
     2019-09-03 at 7:46 am
     
     Thank you very much, this was very useful!
     
     Reply
     
 7.  Nils says:
     2019-08-12 at 8:36 pm
     
     If having Cartesian Unit Coordianates in XYZ As in (0,500,0)
     It would be nice to be able to draw a 3D shape by Coordinates.
     (0,0,0) where first digit is X, 2nd is Y and 3rd is Z ...
     
     Reply
     
 8.  Linn Bjurek says:
     2019-04-05 at 7:47 am
     
     I'm trying to show my labels in a X & Y-chart and I thougt i found the
     solution when finding this site. Others say you need to write a macro of
     your own.
     
     My problem now:
     Under Label options/Label contains I see four boxes:
     Series namn, X value, Y value and Legend key. I don't see the "Value from
     Cells"-box.
     Why so?
     
     Reply
     
 9.  Tobias Holm Johansen says:
     2019-03-01 at 12:02 pm
     
     If I have a set of connected sample data for x and y values that varies in
     size, but I want them to be plotted in order of numerical size, how do I
     sort them without manually moving around the data entries. As an analogy in
     letters I have the letters 'b' , 'f' and 'd' but I want to plot them in
     alphabetical order so they appear from left to right as 'b','d','f'.
     The corresponding y-values would obviously have to follow so they stay with
     their x-value.
     
     Reply
     
 10. Indraditya Sarkar says:
     2019-02-10 at 3:18 am
     
     I do not have the plus button you have for your graph
     Also, I have never said this so why am I getting a duplicate response?
     
     Reply
     * Svetlana Cheusheva says:
       2019-02-11 at 8:33 am
       
       Hi!
       Just click anywhere on the chart for the plus button (Chart Elements
       button) to appear.
       And sorry for the "duplicate response" message, our webmaster is working
       on it already.
       
       Reply
       
     



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