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AERIAL GUIDED TRANSPORT

Our fields Aerial Guided Transport

The current mobility challenges largely concern public transport and the major
role it plays in travel within the major French cities. This is in keeping with
a context that is still strongly marked by the use of private cars to serve city
centers and suburban areas.



In 2009, the first law resulting from the Grenelle Environment Forum identified
cable transportation in urban areas as a potential avenue for development in
French cities.

The lack of French experiments in urban areas and the lack of evaluation of the
first achievements are currently an obstacle to the promotion of this system in
non-mountain areas.


THE CHALLENGES OF INSERTION IN AN URBAN ENVIRONMENT:


TECHNICAL REGULATIONS FOR CABLE TRANSPORT

This type of transport falls within the scope of technical regulations for ski
lifts, backed up by a European framework and based initially on feedback from
systems in service mainly in the mountains.

Numerous technical constraints are set out in regulations (location and height
of towers, ground clearance, location of stations, overflight, speed, fire,
etc.) and are relatively fixed in the decrees. However, these decrees do not
prohibit derogations from certain principles, provided that it can be
demonstrated that safety is perfectly preserved. Initially, the regulations were
not adapted to cable transport in urban areas, which are subject to more complex
integration constraints, as the urban planning code is not the same as in
mountain areas. The technical regulations have just been adapted to meet these
new urban issues.


IMPACTS OF CABLE TRANSPORTATION

ACOUSTICS

The installation of a cable transport system raises concerns about the noise
pollution it will create for local residents. The population has strong
preconceived ideas about noise pollution, perhaps linked to the fact that
mountain equipment is often older and less regularly maintained than in urban
areas, or to the specific environment of mountain areas (resonance, lower noise
levels).



LANDSCAPE

The adaptation of CPT in urban areas is much more sensitive than in ski resorts
in winter where the facilities are well assimilated. The notions of
“disfigurement” and negative impact on the landscape are obstacles put forward
by opponents of cable transport.

ENVIRONMENTAL

Even if the urban environment is less environmentally sensitive than mountainous
areas, CPT projects cross natural environments and can impact the fauna and
flora. Environmental impact studies on biophysical and human environments are
therefore necessary, and must be accompanied by mitigation measures or
compensatory formulas.

In the city, it will be necessary to foresee the treatment of the overflight of
wooded areas which can impose, according to the height, the clearing of trees to
prevent the fire risk.

ECONOMIC

The economic dimension involves, among others, two major issues:

The question of the relationship between service and cost, but also the impact
on the neighborhood and habitat.

The investment costs of an aerial cableway system cannot be compared in a crude
way with those of a ground-based transport mode. The different systems do not
provide the same services, and the CPT system allows the crossing of urban
cut-offs that other ground-based modes of transport do not allow without
structures.

NEED FOR SKILLS AND ORGANIZATION

Historically, manufacturers have produced mountain installations that they offer
as standardized products. On their side, local authorities and urban transport
actors are not very familiar with TPC technologies. It is therefore necessary to
develop and build a mutual knowledge between actors. It is more complex for
manufacturers to work on urban projects than on mountain projects where the
implementation is often simpler and the context more favorable. Aerial ropeway
builders must develop a culture of anticipation necessary for urban transport
projects and collaborate with the various actors in the area. In fact, in urban
areas, constructors work in the form of a consortium with partners who have
experience in urban public transport and public works.

To develop this market and design these new urban products, manufacturers are
investing in research and development. They are aware of this need and are
developing alliance strategies with other industrial partners or designers in
order to perfect urban facilities and their architectural treatment, and to
develop new concepts. Having a development committee allows manufacturers to get
closer to the level required in urban transport.

SOCIAL DIMENSION

Quite apart from the feasibility of an air-guided transport system in an urban
environment, there is the question of the social acceptability of an atypical
mode of transport that is surrounded by preconceived ideas.

Despite widespread communication about its reliability and low mortality rate,
these factors do not seem to be enough to reassure the public. This remains a
significant problem, and a major social issue.

Passing close to private plots of land and visual intrusion are the negative
points raised by the population when a guided air transport project was
presented.

From New York to Constantine, from Medellín to Brest, urban air transport is
developing around the world. They enable people to cross rivers and hills and
open up remote areas. In terms of its performance in crossing urban divides and
gradients, it is an innovative transport solution that complements land
transport networks. It can be adapted to a wide range of contexts and appears to
be highly appropriate for certain services, but must be limited to certain
configurations if it is to be competitive.

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