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AUSTRALIAN APPLEBY FAMILY HERITAGE


INTRODUCTION

Over the past years family trees and histories have become very fashionable and
when once no one would reveal that they may be descendant of a convict, it is
the "in thing" to be able to claim a convict, unless of course that said convict
was sentenced for something best forgotten. No such convict has been revealed in
the Appleby research.

There is no doubt a growing awareness of the past that is evidenced by increased
involvements in History Societies and an immense amount of information becoming
available to help through Genealogy research and of course now through the
Internet.

Why do people delve into the past? For many the cares and pressures of the
present are more than sufficient. It's not a matter of nostalgically yearning
for the good old days and wanting to live in the past - nor is it a case of
snobbery. There is no desire to expose and rattle some ancient "skeleton in the
closet" and there is certainly no intention to deliberately pry into the private
affairs of other people even though genealogy is necessarily a very personal
exploration into history. In this case I have been very careful to only record
about people what has been freely given to me.

The basic reason for undertaking family research, I suppose, is one of natural
curiosity. People are forever asking questions about how, when, where and why.
Are we like our grandparents: Who were our great grandparents? Is that Appleby
related to us?

Where did we come from? When did our grandparents come to Australia. How many
times have people asked these questions?

Although Samuel Lewins and his family are not direct descendants of the Appleby
family - Samuel was James Appleby's half-brother - they grew up together and so
much of their lives are tied together I thought it would be of interest to some
of the people concerned in this history to add a few details of Samuel and his
family and their lives in Bathurst.

I have been heartened by the interest and help given to me by relatives, for
without their help this story could not have been written. I am also grateful
for any photos which have been lent to me. I have written numerous letters, some
answered, several not, spent many hours at the N. S. W. State Archives, State
Library and Society of Genealogists of which I am a member. I am also a member
of Appleby Research Organisation in England who research Appleby names. I have
had lots of surprises, many frustrations and disappointments but in all it has
been a most rewarding undertaking and one which I enjoyed doing.

I must thank Major Lloyd Kenyon Fuller, from Darlington, Durham, England for the
interest he showed and for his help with a great deal of the research of the
Goldsborough and Tinkler families, also to Phillip Atkinson and James Smith,
relatives in Durham for their help with Appleby side. My thanks to my family, to
my sister Dorothy Treseder for her help with the compiling of the history and to
Joan Borstell with her help in the research.

In compiling this history into a record I don't claim to be an author, my aim is
simply to have a record for our children and future generations to be able to
read and have their questions answered. The history remains incomplete and I
would value any information from anyone who can fill in the gaps, correct
inevitable errors and help to keep it up to date. I hope one day to meet some of
the relatives mentioned in the Family History.

The story of the Appleby family in England and Australia is no great "saga".
There are no famous deeds or bitter scandals; no illustrious crest or mottos. It
is a simple tale of ordinary folk, some of whom were illiterate. Yet there is a
story to tell and might be judged as interesting to those who share a common
bond.

SURNAMES: ORIGINS AND VARIATIONS.

Origins of many Appleby families seem to stem from the North of England,
possibly the County of Durham or Appleby in Westmorland. There is evidence of a
French connection through the Huguenot Silk Weavers of Spitafields. (1)

Prior to the Norman Invasion of 1066, all our original ancestors used a one-part
name, whether they were Celts, Anglo-Saxon, Danes or Normans, though there was a
growing trend among royalty to distinguish the single name with a personal
title, such as Ethelred the Unready and Edward the Confessor.

Following the conquest of England by William the Conqueror, increasing numbers
of noblemen had an additional "byname". It was not until the early twelfth
century that surnames became hereditary among the nobility. A law passed by
Edward 1 (1272-1307) gave families a strong reason to have surnames passed down
from father to son, instead of a new one being invented for each person. It
stated that land was to pass to the eldest son on the father's death.
Consequently sons used their father's name to help prove their identity.

The process of acquiring surnames spread throughout the land during the
thirteenth century, from the top ranks of society to the bottom. Even the poor
peasants took surnames especially after Richard 11 imposed an unpopular law in
1381 requiring everyone to pay four pence tax. Again people used surnames to
identify themselves so that it would be recorded that they and not someone else
had paid the tax. By 1400 almost everybody had a given name and the father's
surname.(2)

A person's distinguishing name or surname described his trade, his place of
residence, his father's name or some personal or physical characteristic, and
passed that name on to his children, and thus the surname became hereditary.

Many efforts have been made during the past 100 years to determine the origins
of surnames. Learned professors, researchers and so called experts etc. have all
produced their own interpretations of the origins of individual surnames, but at
the end of the day most of these are pure guesswork. That is not to say that
they are in themselves wrong, but that any such origins of a surname need not be
accurate either.

The following is one such example: the surname APPLEBY is derived from the place
where the initial bearer once lived or held land, and is derived from the old
Norse word "apall" meaning "apple" and "bye" which originally meant "homestead
or farm" but which in time came to denote "village or town". Thus the name can
literally be translated as "homestead. or town where apples grow".

One of the earliest recorded Applebys dates back to the twelfth century when one
Vlf (?) de Appeli was recorded in the Pipe Rolls in 1163. In 1204 Hugh de Apelby
was listed in the "Pleas before the King or Justice" between 1198-1202 in
Yorkshire. Thomas Appleby was mentioned in the "Assize Rolls" in London in 1366.
In 1372 John de Appleby was Bishop of Carlisle during the reign of Richard II.

VARIATIONS OF THE SPELLING OF THE NAME.

Apelbe Apelbey Apelbie Apelby Apelby Aplbie  Aplebe  Apelbey  Aplebie  Apleby
Aplebye Apletree Aplyby Appelbe Appelby Appelbye Appellbe Appilby Applbee
Applebee Applby Appleby Applebby Applebe Applebys Applebey Applebie Applebie
Applebye   Applyby Apulbi Azzlebie    

The list is derived from the "Joiners Marriage Index", a list of 294,000 Brides
and Grooms from the County Durham and the North Riding of Yorkshire in the
period before civil registration began in 1837. The most common spelling, in the
Joiner's Index were Appleby, Applebie and Appelby. This list derives from a time
when many and most of the participants were likely illiterate and also the
recorders.

The top first names, again from the Joiners Marriage Index, were

BRIDES GROOMS
Elizabeth
John
Ann
William
Mary Thomas Margaret Robert Jane George

And the most unusual first name was Zpoferus Appleby (1603)

This is one big factor for those of us engaged in Genealogical research - not
only do we have to find the missing people, but we have to figure out how they
might be recorded.(3)

REFERENCES.

 1. Information obtained from the Appleby Research Organisation. U.K.
 2. The Relevance of Surnames in Genealogy, Society of Australian Genealogists.
    Leaflet No. 7.
 3. Other information found on the internet and from the Appleby Research 4

 

More:

The English History

CHRISTOPHER APPLEBY 1825-1855

JANE ANN APPLEBY 1884-1918 / Atkinson

JAMES APPLEBY 1853-1922

JOURNEY TO AUSTRALIA

SETTLING IN AUSTRALIA

FIRST GENERATION AUSTRALIANS

SAMUEL LEWINS 1861-1939

THE TINKLER FAMILY

THE GOLDSBOROUGH FAMILY

FAMILY TREES

 

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