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Home > Catholic Encyclopedia > P > François Picquet


FRANÇOIS PICQUET

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A celebrated Sulpician missionary in Canada, b. at Bourg, Bresse, France, 4
Dec., 1708; d. at Verjon, Ain, France, in 1781. He entered the seminary of Lyons
(1727), where he was ordained deacon in 1731. At the Seminary of St. Sulpice in
Paris, after winning his doctorate at the Sorbonne, he was raised to the
priesthood, and became a Sulpician. The same year he begged to be sent to
Canada, and in the month of July arrived at Montreal, where for five years
(1734-9) he was engaged in the ministry. On the Indian mission of the
Lac-des-Deux-Montagnes (now Oka), he acquired the Algonquin and Iroquois tongues
so perfectly that he surpassed the ablest orators of these tribes. His influence
enabled him to win a large number of these savages to the true Faith. The Lake
mission became very populous: Nipissings, Outaouois, Mohawks, and Hurons crowded
alongside the Algonquins and Iroquois. Picquet fortified this Catholic centre
against pagan tribes, and erected the Calvary which still exists, with its
well-built stations stretching along the mountain side facing the lake. In the
intercolonial war between France and England (1743-8), the Indian allies of
these two powers came to arms. Due to the influence of their missionary the Five
Nations, hitherto allies of the English, remained neutral, while the other
savages carried on a guerilla war in New England or served as scouts for the
French troops. When peace was restored, Picquet volunteered to establish an
Indian post on the Presentation River, whence he spread the Gospel among the
Iroquois nations, as far as the Indians of the West. Founded on 1 June, 1749,
this post became the Fort of the Presentation in the following year; from it
arose the town of Ogdensburg, New York.



In 1751 Picquet travelled round lake Ontario to gather into his mission as many
Iroquois as possible, and succeeded in establishing 392 families at the
Presentation. In 1752 Mgr. de Pontbriand, the last French Bishop of Quebec,
baptized 132 of them. A banner, preserved in the church of Oka, perpetuates the
souvenir of this event, and the memory of the fidelity of the Five Nations to
the cause of France, for, in the course of the Seven years' War, it floated side
by side with the Fleur-de-lis on many a battlefield. In 1753 Picquet went to
France and presented to the minister of the Navy a well-documented memorandum
concerning Canada, in which he pointed out the best means for preserving that
colony for the French Crown. Hardly had he returned to Canada (1754) when
hostilities were resumed. He directed his savages against the English, whom he
considered as much the enemies of Catholicism as of France, and for six years
accompanied them on their expeditions and into the field of battle. "Abbe
Picquet was worth several regiments", said Governor Duquesne of him. The English
set a price on his head. When all hope of the cause was lost, by the order of
his superiors who feared he might fall into the hands of the English, Picquet
returned to France, passing thither through Louisiana (1760). He was engaged in
the ministry in Paris till 1772. He then returned to his homeland, Bresse, and
was named canon of the cathedral of Bourg, where he died.




SOURCES

"Lettres edificantes et curieuses (Mémoires des Indes). XXVI (Paris, 1783),
1-63; GOSSELIN, "Le fondateur de la Presentation, l'abbe Picquet" in "Mémoires
et Comptes-rendus de la Societe royale du Canada, XII, sect. 1, (1894);
BERTRAND, "Bibliotheque sulpicienne ou Histoire litteraire di la Compagnie de
Saint-Sulpice, I (Paris, 1900), 394-401; CHAGNY, "Un defenseur de la
Nouvelle-France, François Picquet 'le Canadien'" (Lyons, 1911).


ABOUT THIS PAGE

APA citation. Fournet, P.A. (1911). François Picquet. In The Catholic
Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12075d.htm

MLA citation. Fournet, Pierre Auguste. "François Picquet." The Catholic
Encyclopedia. Vol. 12. New York: Robert Appleton Company, 1911.
<http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/12075d.htm>.

Transcription. This article was transcribed for New Advent by John Looby.

Ecclesiastical approbation. Nihil Obstat. June 1, 1911. Remy Lafort, S.T.D.,
Censor. Imprimatur. +John Cardinal Farley, Archbishop of New York.

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