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 * Introduction
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 * References (50)
 * Cited by (2)
 * Recommended articles (6)


COMPLEMENTARY THERAPIES IN CLINICAL PRACTICE

Volume 45, November 2021, 101481




EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC TOUCH ON SLEEP QUALITY AND ANXIETY IN INDIVIDUALS WITH
CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL☆

Author links open overlay panelMehmet
AliÇalışkanPersonEnvelopeBirgülCeritEnvelope
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctcp.2021.101481Get rights and content




ABSTRACT


PURPOSE

The purpose is to determine the effect of therapeutic touch (TT) on the sleep
quality and anxiety of individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary (COPD)
disease.


METHODS

103 patients were randomized in to the two groups: the experimental group, and
the control group. In this randomized control study, the patients with COPD in
the experimental group were given TT for 10 min between 18:00 and 20:00, one
session every day for three consecutive days.


RESULTS

When the experimental group was compared to control group following the
intervention, the decrease in the levels of anxiety (p < 0.001) and increase in
the sleep quality (p < 0.001) were found to be significant.


CONCLUSION

As a result of the study, it was determined that TT reduced anxiety level and
improved sleep quality in individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. The Clinical Trial Registration Number: NCT04842903.


INTRODUCTION

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a group of lung diseases such as
chronic bronchitis and emphysema that prevent adequate airflow in the
respiratory tract and progress with life-threatening exacerbations [1]. COPD has
characteristic symptoms such as dyspnea, wheezing, cough, dry mouth and purulent
sputum, with gradually increasing severity [1,2]. There can also be many
different symptoms such as fatigue, reduced exercise capacity, anxiety,
hopelessness, alteration of the level of consciousness, sleep problems, loss of
appetite and weight loss, which cause limitations in daily life activities [[3],
[4], [5]]. It is stated in the literature that sleep problems and anxiety, which
are among these symptoms, are quite common in individuals with COPD [[6], [7],
[8]].

Night sleep is frequently interrupted due to anxiety and disturbing symptoms
such as cough, sputum, dyspnea, wheezing, and hypoxemia, which are seen in
individuals with COPD due to obstruction in the respiratory tract. Excessive and
continuous episodes of these issues in patients with COPD affects physical and
psychological well-being, quality of life and productivity of individuals as
well as increasing the frequency of use of pharmacological agents [7,[9], [10],
[11]]. However, the sleep quality of the patients is negatively affected by the
pharmacological agents used due to their side effects and psychosocial problems
that occur [12]. Reducing levels of anxiety of individuals with COPD and
increasing their sleep quality can positively affect their compliance with
treatment by increasing their satisfaction and quality of life. Nowadays,
pharmacological and non-pharmacological (education, self-management, physical
activity and pulmonary rehabilitation) treatment methods are used to relieve or
eliminate the symptoms experienced by individuals with COPD [13]. In addition,
Complementary and Alternative Therapy (CAT) methods can also be applied. Some of
these methods are massage, acupuncture, music therapy, meditation, reiki, and
yoga [14]. In addition to these CAT methods, it is suggested in the literature
that the TT method can also be provided to individuals with respiratory system
diseases [15].

Therapeutic touch is an energy transfer process based on the assumption that
every living organism in the universe has an energy field, and these energy
fields interact with each other and can be changed by practices made with
volitional and certain intent [16,17]. TT is an independent nursing practice
first applied and developed by nurses Dora Kunz and Dolores Krieger in 1972
[18]. TT is also an art of concentration in which the therapist focuses on
consciousness to create balance and coordination in the mutual energy fields of
the patient and the environment and using their hands to transfer energy [19].
The fact that TT is easy to use, is non-invasive, has no known side effects, is
low cost, and its recent increasing frequency of use among nurses shows that it
is a powerful alternative to other CAT methods [18,20]. While there are studies
that in different patient groups are showing that TT reduces anxiety [21,22],
relieves nausea and vomiting [23,24], relieves pain and fatigue [18,25],
improves sleep quality [26,27], and increases hemoglobin and hematocrit levels
[28], there are no studies conducted patients with COPD.

As a result, nurses have important responsibilities in increasing the compliance
with treatment of patients with COPD, patient's satisfaction, and patient's
well-being. In this context, reducing the anxiety of patients with COPD and
improving their sleep quality are very important in the holistic nursing
approach. As a matter of fact, the premise is that TT, which has been proven to
be effective with anxiety and sleep quality in other patient groups, can also be
effective in patients with COPD. It is thought that this study, which is the
first TT study conducted on the group of patients with COPD, will be both a
guide for nurses working in the clinic and will be a new alternative treatment
method for these patient groups. İt is proposed that the results obtained from
this study will reflect positively on the care of patients with COPD and will
shed new light in the literature on the use of TT in this patient population.

This study was conducted to determine the effect of TT on sleep quality and
anxiety in individuals with COPD.

The hypotheses of this study are:

H1

Therapeutic touch affects the sleep quality of patients with COPD.

H2

Therapeutic touch affects the anxiety levels of patients with COPD.




SECTION SNIPPETS


STUDY DESIGN

This study was designed as a single-blinded randomized controlled trial where
the participants were randomly assigned into experimental (receiving TT) and
control groups.


PARTICIPANTS

The population for the study was recruited from 124 hospitalized patients
hospitalized with COPD in a Training and Research Hospital of Chest Diseases
located in Turkey, between March 2018 and March 2019. The sample size for the
study consisted of 103 patients who were admitted to the chest diseases clinic
with a diagnosis of


DESCRIPTIVE CHARACTERISTICS

Descriptive characteristics of age, gender, marital status, educational status,
employment status, having other illnesses, smoking and alcohol use of the
patients included in the study are shown in Table 1. The distributions of the
patients in the experimental and control groups showed homogeneity.


ANXIETY SCORES

In Table 2, the anxiety scores of the two groups were compared the across
different times. Using a two-way repeated measures ANOVA test, the time
interaction effect within the group was found to be


DISCUSSION

Among the comorbidities accompanying chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,
anxiety is the most common psychological problem [37]. In this study, it was
determined that TT application has a positive effect on the anxiety scores of
patients with COPD. In the literature, similar findings to the results of this
study were found in studies conducted with different sample groups on the
subject [19,21,[38], [39], [40], [41]]. It is thought that the positive effect
of TT on anxiety may have emerged as


CONCLUSION

It has been determined that TT, which is among traditional and complementary
therapies, is effective in reducing anxiety and improving sleep quality in
patients hospitalized in the chest diseases clinic. The fact that TT has no
negative effects and is a non-pharmacological intervention suggests that nurses
can easily integrate it into their care activities and apply them independently.
According to the results of the study, it is recommended that nurses working in
chest diseases clinic use TT,


FUNDING

This study didn't receive funding.


CREDIT AUTHORSHIP CONTRIBUTION STATEMENT

Mehmet Ali Çalışkan: Conceptualization, Methodology, Data curation, Writing –
original draft, Visualization, Investigation, Resources, Writing – review &
editing. Birgül Cerit: Conceptualization, Methodology, Supervision, Validation,
Writing – review & editing.


DECLARATION OF COMPETING INTEREST

No conflict of interest has been declared by the authors.


ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

As authors, we would like to thank all healthcare professionals working in the
Chest Diseases Clinic of Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Izzet Baysal
Training and Research Hospital and all patients who participated for their
support and participation.




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Navigate DownView more references


CITED BY (2)


 * THE EFFECT OF THERAPEUTIC TOUCH AND MUSIC REST ON SLEEP PARAMETERS IN
   CHILDREN WITH LIVER TRANSPLANTATION
   
   2022, Journal of Pediatric Nursing
   Show abstractNavigate Down
   
   This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of therapeutic touch and
   music rest on the sleep of children with liver transplantation.
   
   The data of the study were collected between February 2021 and November 2021.
   The study was completed with 50 patients included in the therapeutic touch
   and music rest groups. Therapeutic touch and music practices were applied for
   three consecutive days, once a day and 20 min. Before and after the
   practices, the 24-h sleep of the children was evaluated with actigraphy.
   
   It was determined that the time in bed, total sleep time, and sleep
   efficiency of the children in the therapeutic touch group increased after the
   procedure. On the other hand, it was determined that the time in bed, and
   total sleep time increased, and the onset latency decreased after the
   procedure in the children in the music rest group. It was determined that the
   effects of therapeutic touch and music rest applications on sleep parameters
   after the procedure were similar.
   
   It has been determined that therapeutic touch and music rest applications
   have an improving effect on the sleep of children with liver transplantation.
   
   Music rest and therapeutic touch, which are non-pharmacological methods that
   do not increase the burden of the liver, can be used by health professionals
   to support the sleep of children with liver transplantation.


 * A REVIEW OF THE HOSPICE CARE FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY
   DISEASE (COPD)
   
   2022, Chinese Journal of Nursing Education
   
   


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   Complementary Therapies in Medicine, Volume 23, Issue 4, 2015, pp. 612-616
   Show abstractNavigate Down
   
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☆

This study is produced from master thesis.

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