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THE STORY OF THE USS GRAYBACK: AFTER DECADES OF NO ANSWERS, NEW INFORMATION
SHEDS LIGHT ON WHAT HAPPENED

By admin / June 11, 2024

Seventy-five years after a U.S. Navy submarine sank in the Pacific Ocean during
World War II, the family members of its 80 lost sailors are finally getting
closure as to where their loved ones rest.

Stories of sunken ships have fascinated the world for centuries, including the
story of the USS Grayback. It was one of 52 U.S. submarines reported missing
during the great conflict. Six have been found in the decades since, and now the
Grayback can be added to the list of subs whose demise is no longer a mystery.

The Lost 52 Project is an organization dedicating its time and resources to
finding these lost subs. This month, the Navy History and Heritage Command
verified the discovery of the Grayback, which the Lost 52 Project found 1,427
feet below sea level on June 5 off Okinawa’s coast. It’s the first U.S.
submarine to be found in waters off Japan.

According to a news release, the Lost 52 team discovered that historical
documents erred in the translation of the longitude of where the Grayback sank.
With the new data and newly discovered Japanese mission logs, the searchers were
able to refocus their efforts and, using groundbreaking robotics and technology,
found the dilapidated sub 100 miles from the area recorded in the original
historical records.

The Grayback was one of the most successful submarines of World War II, but it
never returned from its last mission in late February 1944. Here are the details
of its glory and its tragic end.

The USS Grayback was commissioned on June 30, 1941, and set sail for Pearl
Harbor about six months later, quickly becoming a major part of the war’s
submarine offensive. In two years, it went on 10 successful war patrols, during
which it sank a total of 63,835 tons and 14 ships.

On March 17, 1942, the sub took down its first target, a 3,291-ton cargo ship
off Port Lloyd in the Japanese-held Bonin Islands. Through the latter half of
1942, the Grayback damaged several freighters and was a general menace to enemy
escorts, submarines and shipping vessels. The efforts of the Grayback and its
sister ships played a large role in the success of the Allies’ first major
Pacific campaign at Guadalcanal.

Here are some of the many other notable events attributed to Grayback: 

 * It sank four landing barges with its deck guns on Dec. 25, 1942.
 * It sank a Japanese sub on Jan. 3, 1943.
 * On Jan. 5, 1943, the sub helped rescue six survivors of a crashed B-26 on the
   island of Munda Bay, earning Cmdr. Edward C. Stephan the Navy Cross.
 * The Grayback was damaged on Jan. 17, 1943, by a depth charge and had to go
   back to port at Brisbane, Australia, for repairs.
 * In May 1943, it was credited with sinking the Japanese cargo ship Yodogawa
   Maru and the freighter England Maru, seriously damaging the destroyer Yugure
   with torpedoes and damaging two other freighters.
 * In September-October 1943, the Grayback formed the first of the Submarine
   Force’s highly successful “wolfpacks,” referring to a mass-attack tactic in
   which the Grayback, the USS Cero and the USS Shad teamed up to sink 38,000
   tons and damage 63,300 more worth of material on enemy convoys. The Grayback
   was responsible for sinking a fleet tanker and two transport ships, including
   one already damaged by the Shad.
 * In December 1943, on its ninth combat patrol, the Grayback used all of its
   torpedoes to take out four freighter ships carrying more than 10,000 tons.


LAST COMMUNICATIONS

The Grayback left Pearl Harbor for the last time on Jan. 28, 1944, on its way to
the East China Sea for its 10th war patrol. About a month later, the sub radioed
that it had sunk two Japanese army cargo ships. The Grayback had only two
torpedoes remaining, so it was ordered back home. Soon after, though, it was
reported that the sub was damaged by enemy aircraft, but it still managed to
sink an enemy naval transport on Feb. 27.

The Grayback wasn’t heard from again.

This is how the Naval History and Heritage Command documented its demise: “That
same day [Feb. 27], a Japanese carrier-based plane spotted a submarine on the
surface in the East China Sea and attacked. According to Japanese reports, the
submarine exploded and sank immediately, but antisubmarine craft were called in
to depth-charge the area, clearly marked by a trail of air bubbles, until at
last a heavy oil slick swelled to the surface.”

The Grayback was expected at Midway on March 7, 1944, but it never arrived. It
was listed as presumed lost on March 30, 1944.

The rest, as they say, is history, except that now a new chapter can be opened –
one that can bring closure to the families of the long lost sailors who gave
their lives for the greater good.




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