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YOUR PRIVACY CHOICES

We and our partners store and access non-sensitive information from your device,
like cookies, and process personal data, like IP addresses and unique
identifiers to personalize content and ads, measure performance, and analyze
audiences.

By clicking Accept, you consent to this data collection and processing by us and
our 200 partners. You can select Reject to continue with only strictly necessary
cookies or Customize to manage your preferences. Some processing of your
personal data may not require your consent, but you have a right to object to
such processing. You can withdraw your consent at any time from the consent
preferences link in the footer of any ResearchGate page. For more information,
see our Privacy Policy.

We and our partners process data for the following purposesPersonalised
advertising and content, advertising and content measurement, audience research
and services development , Precise geolocation data, and identification through
device scanning, Store and/or access information on a device

CustomizeRejectAccept
TermsPrivacyIntellectual PropertyCommunityStrikesUnsolicited IdeasArchiveUpdates

LAST UPDATED: FEBRUARY 20, 2024

DOWNLOAD TEXT AS PDF

To help make this policy easy to navigate, the text is broken down into sections
covering different topics. You can find an overview of all the sections in the
Contents. When you visit each section, you’ll find a summary of what it contains
and a list of subsections. To read a section in full, click “Read more” or
download the PDF.

INTRODUCTION

* This Privacy Policy provides you with information about the collection and
use practices of ResearchGate for personal data we process in the course of
providing the Service.
* We may make amendments to this Privacy Policy regularly. We suggest that you
check back from time to time to make sure you’re aware of our current way of
handling your personal data.
* If you live in the United States, in addition to the other sections of this
Privacy Policy, section 14 (US-specific information) applies to you, with
particular provisions applicable to Users based in California. In case the
provisions of section 14 (US-specific information) are inconsistent with
other provisions of this Privacy Policy, section 14 (US-specific information)
shall prevail.
* If you’re thinking about applying or have applied for a job at ResearchGate
and want to read about how we process your data, please read our Candidate
Privacy Policy.

DEFINITIONS

* “Author”– a natural person who, for the purpose of our Service, is a member
of the scientific community by, for example, being an author or editor of a
publication or an advisor. An Author is not necessarily a User or Member.
* “GDPR” – the General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 2016/679).
* “Member” (also referred to as “you” and “your”) – a User who successfully
registers for an account on the Service.
* “ResearchGate” (also referred to as “we” and “us”) – ResearchGate GmbH, a
German limited liability company.
* “Service” – the services made available at www.researchgate.net and all other
websites and properties operated by ResearchGate and all associated
applications, including our iOS and Android apps.
* “User” (also referred to as “you” and “your”) – anyone who, as a recipient of
the Service, accesses or uses the Service for any purpose.
* “Visitor” (also referred to as “you” and “your”) – an unregistered User of
the Service.

CONTENTS

1. ResearchGate at a glance2. Data we process3. How we use data4. How we use
relevant publicly available data and data provided by our partners5. How we use
technologies like cookies and pixels6. Sponsored content on ResearchGate7.
Service providers8. Our presence in other social networks9. Reporting content10.
Transfer to third countries11. Deleting your account and retention of personal
data12. Data subject rights13. Contact information14. US specific information

1. RESEARCHGATE AT A GLANCE

At ResearchGate, our mission is to connect the world of science and make
research open to all. Members use ResearchGate to showcase their credentials and
research, engage and collaborate with others, share and access relevant content,
and discover relevant publishing, career, and business opportunities. To help
facilitate these connections, we use information about you, including your work
and activities on ResearchGate, to help connect you to relevant people,
entities, and content. We also gather information from external sources.

2. DATA WE PROCESS

We collect data for various purposes to help us provide and improve our Service.

2.1 BASIC DATA

Certain data will be processed:

* when you access the Service
* to resolve the technical request of your device
* to display the site
* to maintain the safety and security of our systems

This data is stored in so-called logs and can comprise the following:

* IP addresses
* your mobile device's Identifier for Advertising (IDFA)
* the type of computer or mobile device you are using, including the operating
system and version
* the browser type you are using and your country
* referring and exit pages and URLs
* platform type
* the number of clicks on a page or feature, pages viewed and the order of
those pages, the amount of time spent on particular pages or parts of pages
* domain names
* information collected for performance purposes (for example, average load,
render time of pages, etc.)

Even though IP addresses and mobile identifiers are generally considered
personal data, we cannot derive any conclusions about your identity from such
data.

All of our pages are secured using SSL (Secure Socket Layer) technology, which
encrypts data transmitted between our servers and your end devices. We also
apply other suitable technical and organizational measures to protect your
personal data.

2.2 ACCOUNT DATA

If you choose to create a Member account on our Service, you will be required to
provide your first and last name, email address, and a password. In some
circumstances, you may be required to present additional information to
demonstrate that you meet our registration criteria. You can also associate
certain information we present to you with your account where that information
belongs to you, such as your articles.

During the registration process or when updating your profile, you can choose to
provide other information that can be used to identify and/or contact you. For
example, you can include a profile picture (including from a selection of online
images suggested to you), your personal website, or your location. You may be
able or be required to provide additional information, including, for example,
your occupation, research vita, education, authorship, expertise or interests,
memberships, academic degrees, and previous and current roles and activities.

2.3 GOOGLE SIGN IN

You can choose to log in to your ResearchGate account using your Google
account’s credentials. If you do, Google will share with ResearchGate and we
will store your name and email address. Find out more about the data processing
and disclosure of the data by Google here. If you’d like to remove the
connection between ResearchGate and Google, please refer to your Google
settings.

2.4 ACTIVITY AND PUBLICATIONS

You can interact with our Service in various ways. We process your interactions,
which may include, for example, visiting other Members’ profiles or following
them, following or publishing in journals, or accessing, requesting, reading,
recommending, following, or sharing research. We also process the research that
you add to your profile, as well as the research you cited or that cited you.
And we process bibliographical data and other information pertaining to your
research works.

2.5 COMMUNICATIONS

When you communicate with us, you may provide us with your name, contact
details, and other personal data as part of your communication, as well as the
content of your message itself. Similarly, when we communicate with you, we will
process your personal data, such as your email address. For some of our emails,
we also process information indicating whether you have opened or interacted
with the email.

Many communications that you initiate through our Service (for example, sending
an invitation to a non-member) will list your name in the header of the message.
Other communications that you initiate through the Service, like a request for a
full-text, will list your name as the initiator but will not include your email
address. Once you have mutually connected with an individual, the contact
information you choose to include in your Member profile will be accessible to
that individual.

2.6 LEAD COLLECTION FORMS

When using the Service, you may encounter a lead collection form. Typically,
such a form is presented on behalf of a third-party advertising partner, and
offers you the opportunity to benefit from a service or offer presented by
ResearchGate on that third party’s behalf. By completing the form, you may
disclose personal data to ResearchGate and allow us to pass it on to the
relevant third party. The nature of personal data will depend on the particular
service or offer but could include your name, email address, affiliation,
further publicly available information from your profile, and/or information
about your activity on the Service relating to that third party’s sponsored
content. We do not disclose any of this personal data to any third party unless
you explicitly allow us to do so.

3. HOW WE USE DATA

We collect data for various purposes to help us provide and improve our Service.

3.1 MAINTAIN YOUR ACCOUNT

The personal data you provide in connection with registering for your Member
account will be used to create, maintain, and secure your account and to suggest
information to add to your profile (for example, research or images that may
belong to you). By creating a Member account, you will benefit from
functionalities and services that are not available to Visitors. Any personal
data you provide in addition to the required data to register for an account
facilitates your ability to get into contact with other Members (including
recruiters), promote yourself and your research, and receive relevant
recommendations.

Because ResearchGate is a professional network, when you create an account your
public profile is automatically enabled. This means that your account can be
viewed by Visitors and indexed by search engines. If you want your profile to be
visible to Members only, you can disable your public profile at any time from
your Privacy Settings. You can also determine the level of detail you disclose
to other Members, for example from your Privacy Settings, and by choosing how
much information to add to your profile. Your profile can be found by other
Members using our search functionalities (including by recruiters using
Candidate Search - see section 3.6 (Candidate Search) below) and may be
recommended to them for example as a follow suggestion. Your choices regarding
the details you want to disclose to other Members will be respected in such
features.

This processing is necessary for the performance of the contract and its legal
basis is Art. 6 (1)(b) GDPR.

3.2 PERSONALIZE YOUR EXPERIENCE

We process your personal data, including your profile information (such as your
skills, disciplines, work, ResearchGate network and connections, and
similarities with other Members), and your and others’ activities on the Service
to provide the Service in a way that is tailored to your interests. For example,
we provide dynamic web pages that are individually adapted to you. We may
present recommendations, such as research items that are suggested for you or
other researchers to follow. Your profile and content may similarly be
recommended to other Members and appear in their experience, for example in
their home feed. We derive learnings from Members’ interactions with tailored
content and suggestions and subsequently take them into account to improve the
experience. In some cases, we may take data such as your location, current IP
address, and affiliation into account to determine which content may be more
relevant to you or to tailor the availability of specific content based on a
determination as to whether you are entitled or eligible to access that
content. For more details about how we make recommendations to you, and how you
can influence these recommendations, see our Help Center.

3.3 COMMUNICATE WITH US

Depending on how you communicate with us, we may use your name, email address,
telephone number, and additional information relating to your inquiry, such as
the content of your previous correspondence or your account information, to
respond to you and provide assistance.

Insofar as the processing is necessary for the performance of a contract or in
order to take steps prior to entering into a contract, Art. 6 (1)(b) GDPR is the
legal basis. Otherwise, we have a legitimate interest in processing this data in
accordance with Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. As a public-facing company, we have a
legitimate interest in being able to receive, process, and respond to
inquiries.

3.4 RECEIVE TRANSACTIONAL EMAILS

Provided you have not opted out or indicated that you do not want to receive
transactional emails or push notifications from us, we will use your email
address or the push notification capabilities of your mobile device to send you
emails or push notifications about relevant developments on the Service or
information relevant to your account.

You can opt out of receiving transactional emails or push notifications at any
time by clicking the unsubscribe link within an email, visiting your Email
Settings, or using the relevant settings in your mobile application.

We will also process information about your interactions with such emails and
notifications (for example, whether you opened the email and/or clicked on
content within the email) for a better understanding of your preferences and
interests and tailoring our communications to your needs.

Insofar as sending of transactional emails is necessary for the performance of
our contractual relationship Art. 6 (1)(b) GDPR is the legal basis. Otherwise,
we have a legitimate interest in processing this data in accordance with Art. 6
(1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest in this regard is to keep you informed
about relevant developments regarding ResearchGate and your account.
Additionally, we have a legitimate interest in the processing of interactions
with transactional emails to better understand how these emails are used and to
improve them accordingly.

3.5 BUSINESS COMMUNICATION

If you are a customer or potential customer of our business solutions, including
our marketing, publisher, or scientific recruitment solutions, you may register
to receive a newsletter from us or fill out a form to request that we contact
you. In such case, we may process any personal data you provide, such as your
name and email address, company name, business telephone number, type of
enquiry, as well as any notes you might have left for us.

Our legal basis for sending you a newsletter in these circumstances is your
consent in accordance with Art. 6 (1)(a) GDPR. You can withdraw your consent at
any time by clicking the unsubscribe link in any such email you receive.

Insofar as the processing of your request form is necessary for the performance
of our contract or in order to take steps prior to entering into a contract,
Art. 6 (1)(b) GDPR is the legal basis. Otherwise, we have a legitimate interest
in processing this data in accordance with Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate
interest in this regard is to get in touch with potential customers and maintain
business contacts.

3.6 CANDIDATE SEARCH

Recruiters with an account on the Service may be able to search for and contact
you using our Candidate Search feature. Your inclusion in Candidate Search,
including being contacted by recruiters, is fully under your control. You can
choose to block specific recruiters or opt out from being included in Candidate
Search and contacted by any recruiters by changing your Privacy Settings at any
time.

If you are included in Candidate Search, a limited amount of your profile
information may be visible to recruiters. You can find out which profile
information recruiters can see in our Help Center. If the information on your
profile matches the search criteria entered by a recruiter in the Candidate
Search feature, this limited version of your profile may show up in their search
results. Recruiters may choose to contact you through the messaging
functionality provided within the feature.

We have a legitimate interest in processing this data in accordance with Art. 6
(1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest in this regard is to provide you with
relevant career opportunities.

3.7 ENSURE THE SECURITY OF YOUR PERSONAL DATA

We process your personal data in order to avoid its accidental or unlawful
destruction, as well as its loss, alteration, or unauthorized disclosure. For
example, we process the number of profile pages you and others view so as to
detect and prevent data harvesting.

Insofar as the processing is necessary for compliance with our legal obligation
to secure data from unauthorized loss and alteration, Art. 6 (1)(c) GDPR is the
legal basis. Otherwise, we have a legitimate interest in processing this data in
accordance with Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in maintaining
the security of your personal data.

3.8 CONDUCT USER SURVEYS

As a Member or Visitor, you may be asked to participate in user research, such
as a user interview or survey. Participation is voluntary. If you participate,
the data processed will depend on the interview or survey in question. Usually,
your email address and name will be processed, but it could also be the case
that no personal data is processed. In each case, we will specifically inform
you about the required data. We will use the generated data to learn more about
our Members and Visitors, so that we can improve our Service.

Where we request consent, the legal basis is in accordance with Art. 6 (1)(a)
GDPR. In all other cases, conducting user surveys is in our legitimate interest
pursuant to Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest lies in improving our
services through user feedback.

3.9 OFFER MEMBERS INTERNAL ACTIVITY INSIGHTS

Your interaction with and interest in other Members’ work is as valuable to them
as it is to you. Therefore, we process information about reads of your work and
your interaction with other Members' work (for example, your interaction with
publication information, full texts, or questions). We use this information to
provide Members with insights about interactions with their work. For example,
we may show read statistics on publication and author levels that contain
information about the number of reads in a given timeframe, countries and
institutions of the readers, or, subject to both Members’ Privacy Settings,
information about readers’ ResearchGate profiles. Where Members’ Privacy
Settings allow more than anonymous statistics to be provided, the additional
level of detail allows Members to get into contact with readers of their work.

Insofar as the processing is necessary for the performance of our contractual
relationship, Art. 6 (1)(b) GDPR is the legal basis. Otherwise, we have a
legitimate interest in processing this data in accordance with Art. 6 (1)(f)
GDPR. Where we rely on our legitimate interest to offer these internal activity
insights, we believe our aim to provide you and fellow ResearchGate Members with
statistics, and, where applicable, additional details about interactions, does
not conflict with your expectations, interests, and rights. The described data
processing, which is limited, is appropriate to achieve the desired objective of
helping Members understand how their work is consumed and received.

3.10 GENERATE STATISTICS

We generate statistics for internal purposes in order to constantly improve the
Service and its features. We also conduct research and development to maintain
quality and improve our Service and the User experience.

Our legal basis for this processing is our legitimate interest pursuant to Art.
6 (1)(f) GDPR. We have a legitimate interest in assessing and evaluating the
traffic on our site to improve our Service. Such improvement is also in the
interest of our Users as it allows them to always benefit from the best Service
we can offer.

3.11 AGGREGATED/DE-IDENTIFIED INFORMATION

We may process personal data collected from publicly available sources or
extracted from content provided by partners and match it with Members so that we
can generate aggregated and/or de-identified information and analysis, for
example, regarding interactions with a certain journal. We may use such
aggregated and de-identified information for any purpose, including without
limitation for research and marketing purposes and to improve our Service, and
may also disclose such aggregated and de-identified information to any third
parties, including our advertising or publisher partners.

Our legal basis for this processing is our legitimate interest pursuant to Art.
6 (1)(f) GDPR. We have a legitimate interest in creating reports and analysis,
developing marketing materials, understanding our Members better, and sharing
this understanding with selected partners. Such aggregated and de-identified
information does not include any personal data.

3.12 OTHER PURPOSES

To the extent permitted by data protection laws, we may use your data for new
purposes, such as conducting data analyses, further developing our Service and
content, product development, optimization of business processes, and evaluation
of service providers. We will only use your personal data for such new purposes
where the new purposes were not yet determined or foreseeable at the time that
your data was collected, and the new purposes are compatible with the purposes
for which the data was originally collected. For example, new legal or technical
developments and novel business models and services may lead to new processing
purposes.

4. HOW WE USE RELEVANT PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA AND DATA PROVIDED BY OUR PARTNERS

We use data that we obtain from other sources, including publicly available
sources and publishers, in order to provide our Service.

4.1 PUBLICLY AVAILABLE DATA

We may obtain a variety of information about Authors from publicly available
sources, such as information regarding published research, the research itself
(which may include personal data), and other functions or references of an
Author related to a research item. We may also process information related to an
Author to create a record of their body of scientific contributions or to try
and understand professional connections between Authors and Members.

When we collect publicly available materials, we do not have a way of ensuring
that personal data contained in such materials has been processed in accordance
with applicable laws. However, if you notify us that your personal data
contained in such materials is inaccurate or has been processed in violation of
applicable data protection laws, we may delete it upon verification of your
identity. Our Help Center provides information about how to report content to
us. Public data that we process about an Author may be associated with an
account if the Author chooses to become a Member.

Our legal basis for this processing is our legitimate interest pursuant to Art.
6 (1)(f) GDPR. The data processed is publicly available data and we need to
process it in order to provide a correct and complete scientific picture. Our
legitimate interest is to provide a comprehensive and accurate repository of
scientific work, contributions, and success. Without processing additional
public data, we could not achieve these aims. Furthermore, since we offer the
possibility to connect this data with an account, we provide Members a
convenient way to establish an account that is as complete as possible, without
the effort of manually adding the information themselves.

4.2 DATA PROVIDED BY PARTNERS

Our partners provide us with scientific publications and related data which may
contain personal data. We make this content available on our Service in
accordance with their instructions. We process certain personal data contained
in this content, such as the names of the Authors.

In some scenarios, Authors can take on tasks, roles, or responsibilities for a
third-party partner on the Service. For example, an Author might be identified
by a partner as being a speaker at a webinar we promote on that partner’s
behalf, or by a publisher as being an editor of a journal that we host on that
publisher’s behalf. To enable us to display these roles, tasks, or
responsibilities on the Service and, where applicable, connect them with
Members’ profiles, ResearchGate’s partners might provide data of those Authors
or Members to us. We contractually oblige our partners to, if required, obtain
all necessary consents and inform you prior to sharing any personal data with
us. We will treat such data in accordance with this Privacy Policy.

The legal basis for these data processing activities is our legitimate interest
pursuant to Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest is to provide a
comprehensive and accurate repository of scientific work and related tasks and
roles that are provided to us by our partners. Furthermore, since we offer the
possibility to connect this data with an account, we provide Members a
convenient way to establish an account that is as complete as possible, without
the effort of manually adding the information themselves.

5. HOW WE USE TECHNOLOGIES LIKE COOKIES AND PIXELS

We use data that we obtain from other sources, including publicly available
sources and publishers, in order to provide our Service.

We and service providers acting on our behalf store log files and use
technologies such as cookies, web beacons, and pixels to collect information
relating to you and your use of the Service.

Cookies are small files that enable us to store and collect specific information
related to you and your use of the Service on your computer or other end
devices. They help us to analyze the number of people who use the Service, usage
frequency, User behavior, and advertising effectiveness, to increase security
and tailor our Service and advertisements to your needs and preferences.

* We use so-called session cookies which are automatically deleted after your
session on the website ends.
* We use persistent cookies to record information about repeat Users of the
Service. Persistent cookies are designed to help us continually improve the
products and services we offer and ensure the quality of our Service.
Persistent cookies remain for a certain predefined period and are recognized
by us when you return to the Service (or one of our partner sites).

You can edit the settings of your browser to prevent cookies from being stored,
limit the storage of cookies to certain websites, or such that your browser
informs you every time a cookie is sent. You can also delete cookies at any
time. However, please note that if cookies are deactivated you will not be able
to take advantage of some of ResearchGate’s features. To learn how to delete
cookies with the help of your browser, please consult your browser’s help
materials.

In addition to cookies, we use so-called pixels, web beacons, clear GIFs, and
other similar mechanisms (“Pixels”). A Pixel is an image file or link to an
image file added to the website code (but not sent to your end device) or built
into an email. Pixels are largely used for the same reasons as cookies, namely
to analyze the number of people who use our Service or, if the User's email
program allows HTML, to determine whether and when an email was opened. Pixels
help us to check and optimize the effectiveness of our Service and offers as
well as advertising campaigns served on the Service or sent to you via email.
Pixels do not provide us with personal data. Pixels are usually used in
conjunction with cookies. If you have deactivated the use of cookies in your
browser, then Pixels will only report an anonymous website visit.

All information about cookies and comparable technologies that we only use with
your consent under Art. 6 (1)(a) GDPR and the possibility to change your
settings for cookies and similar technologies can be found here.

Some cookies are essential to the operation of our website and we have a
legitimate interest pursuant to Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR in using them. Our legitimate
interest in this regard is based on the respective purpose of the cookie. These
are listed in the cookie table below.

6. SPONSORED CONTENT ON RESEARCHGATE

We display advertisements on our Service, promote academic and career
opportunities, and send commercial emails on behalf of our partners so we can
continue to offer many of our features for free.

6.1 ADVERTISING

When we and our affiliated ad networks display advertisements on our Service,
the following types of data may be used:

* performance data (such as the number of clicks on an advertisement)
* certain technical information (for example, IP addresses, cookie IDs,
non-persistent device identifiers such as Identifiers for Advertising (IDFAs)
* your ResearchGate profile information, activity, interaction with and
consumption of content, including sponsored content and emails, and/or
contextual information

We and our affiliated ad networks may collect this information through the use
of tracking technologies like browser cookies and pixels (see explanations in
section 5 (How we use technologies like cookies and pixels) above) and may use a
single tracking technology or multiple tracking technologies at the same time.
The information collected may be used to:

* measure how effective advertisements are
* offer you targeted advertising to personalize your experience by showing you
advertisements that are more relevant to you
* undertake web analytics to analyze traffic and other User activity to improve
your experience

Third-party advertisements on the Service may contain links to third-party
properties that are not owned or controlled by ResearchGate. We recommend that
you proceed with caution when leaving the Service, and review any applicable
terms and privacy policies. ResearchGate is not responsible for any third party,
or its affiliates or agents, failing to use your personal data in accordance
with such third party's privacy policy, or any contractual or other legal
obligations to which such third party, its affiliates or agents, may be subject.

Where we request consent, that is the legal basis for the display of advertising
under Art. 6 (1)(a) GDPR. Details on data processing, our affiliated advertising
networks, and the possibility of changing your settings for cookies and similar
technologies can be found here. In all other cases, the display of advertising
is in our legitimate interest under Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. Our legitimate interest
lies in our economic interest in conducting direct marketing and displaying
interest-based advertising.

6.2 ACADEMIC AND CAREER OPPORTUNITIES

We aim to suggest academic and career opportunities that are most relevant to
our Members. In this context, we use, whether separately or combined, the
personal data you provide, we collect, or we infer from your use of the Service
and the Internet and contextual information about the page you are currently
visiting. This enables us to display suggestions, such as publishing and job
opportunities, that are relevant to your scientific field, experience,
institution, and research.

Our legal basis for this processing is our legitimate interest under Art. 6
(1)(f) GDPR. We aim to display the most relevant and helpful academic and career
opportunities to you. To do this, we must take your interests, journey, and some
of your personal data into account. We take great care in choosing the right
partners and limiting the personal data we process. The personal data that we
process for this purpose will not be shared with any third party except our
technical service providers (see section 7 (Service providers) below). Given
that we limit the data processed, do not share it with third parties, and
process your personal data to display only academic and career opportunities to
you, we believe that it is our legitimate interest to monetize our platform. Our
Service is a contribution to researchers, research, and science as a whole.
Among other things, we make worldwide collaboration possible and facilitate the
solving of important scientific questions. Our mission is an important one, but
this mission must be financed.

6.3 SPONSORED EMAILS

We may use your email address to send you emails sponsored by our partners. We
will also process information about your interaction with such emails, for
example, whether you opened the email and/or clicked on content within the
email.

Where we request consent, that is the legal basis for sending you sponsored
emails under Art. 6 (1)(a) GDPR. You can unsubscribe from receiving sponsored
emails at any time by clicking the unsubscribe link within any such email or
visiting your Email Settings. In all other cases, the sending of sponsored
emails is in our legitimate interest under Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR. It is our
legitimate interest to make the Service as useful and meaningful to you as
possible, which may include helping you discover new products, offers, and
services. In addition, these email campaigns help us monetize our Service so
that we can continue our mission of making research accessible to all.

7. SERVICE PROVIDERS

To provide our Service in the best possible way, we use service providers and
other third parties to help us. These service providers and third parties may
process your personal data.

The following service providers and third parties that we use to provide the
Service may process your personal data:

‍Aptum Technologies (UK) Limited, Building 5000, Langstone Technology Park,
Havant, PO9 1SA, United Kingdom
Aptum operates our servers located in Canada. Both Canada and the United Kingdom
have adopted an adequacy decision that ensures an adequate level of data
protection according to EU standards. For more information regarding Aptum and
its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Cloudflare, Inc., 101 Townsend St., San Francisco, CA 94107, USA
Cloudflare helps us to provide our Service in the fastest possible way by
“copying” our Service and putting it on servers that are geographically as close
as possible to your current location. Cloudflare also blocks threats and abusive
bots and crawlers that negatively affect our bandwidth and server resources.
Data is transferred to Cloudflare based on the European Commission's adequacy
decision, the Data Privacy Framework. In addition, we have concluded Standard
Contractual Clauses with Cloudflare. For more information regarding Cloudflare
and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Google Cloud Platform, provided by Google Cloud EMEA Limited, 70 Sir John
Rogerson’s Quay, Dublin 2, Ireland
We use Google Cloud Platform to provide the technical infrastructure necessary
to enable our services. For more information about Google Cloud Platform and its
data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Google Custom Search, provided by Google Ireland Ltd, Gordon House, Barrow
Street, Dublin 4, Ireland
We use Google Custom Search to suggest profile pictures when you register for
your ResearchGate account. For more information regarding Google Custom Search
and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Pinecone Systems, Inc., 548 Market St, Suite 19327, San Francisco, CA 94104,
USA
We use Pinecone to customize our Service and provide you with relevant
suggestions. We have concluded a data processing agreement and Standard
Contractual Clauses with Pinecone.

‍Posthog Inc., 2261 Market Street, Unit 4008, San Francisco, CA 94114 USA
Posthog is a tool for supporting multiple facets of software product
development. Posthog allows us to control the release of new features and helps
us to conduct so-called A/B testing where we expose two versions of the same
product feature to a set of Members to understand which version is better.
Additionally, it captures and processes anonymized Members’ behavior on the
Service. If you have granted your explicit consent, your ResearchGate account
will be associated with your data stored with Posthog. Furthermore, additional
Posthog features will be enabled such as session recordings and survey tooling.
We have concluded Standard Contractual Clauses with Posthog and contractually
obliged Posthog to host our data exclusively in the EU. For more information
regarding Posthog and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Salesforce.com Germany GmbH, Erika-Mann-Straße 31-37, 80636 Munich, Germany
We use Salesforce for customer relationship management for our Services. For
further information about Salesforce’s data processing, see its Privacy
Policy.

‍SurveyMonkey, operated by Momentive Europe UC, 2 Shelbourne Buildings, Second
Floor, Shelbourne Road, Dublin 4, Ireland
SurveyMonkey helps us to conduct surveys. SurveyMonkey hosts the surveys on our
behalf, processes any data entered, and provides us with survey answers,
aggregations, and reports concerning those surveys. For more information
regarding SurveyMonkey and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Webflow Inc.,398 11th St., Floor 2, San Francisco, CA 94103 California
Some of our websites are hosted and built with the help of Webflow, a
cloud-based service that allows us to create and host websites and manage their
content. Webflow will process personal data such as your IP address once you are
browsing on a page built with Webflow. Data is transferred to Webflow based on
the European Commission's adequacy decision, the Data Privacy Framework. In
addition, we have concluded Standard Contractual Clauses with Webflow. For more
information regarding Webflow and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

‍Zendesk Inc., 1019 Market Street, San Francisco, CA 94103, USA
‍We use the services of Zendesk for our email addresses intended to receive
general, external inquiries (such as press, support, privacy, or copyright
inquiries). We also use Zendesk to process incoming inquiries that have been
sent to us using our contact forms. Zendesk is a platform that helps
organizations understand, structure, and prioritize incoming inquiries of users,
customers, or otherwise interested parties. Zendesk aggregates data already
known to us, data about earlier communications with you, and data supporting
your current inquiry. This data may also be allocated to your Member account if
you have one. We have contractually agreed with Zendesk that personal data will
be hosted in the EU. Still, Zendesk is a US corporation and reserves the right
to process personal data in the US where this is required for support or service
purposes required by us. Where personal data is processed outside of the EU, we
concluded Standard Contractual Clauses under Art. 46 GDPR with Zendesk.
Furthermore, Zendesk adopted Binding Corporate Rules which were approved by the
European Commission in accordance with Art. 47 GDPR. You can find these here.
For more information regarding Zendesk and its data processing, see its Privacy
Policy.

We additionally provide information about the following third parties:

* In the course of obtaining technical, business, tax, legal, and similar
services, we may provide access to or disclose data to selected third-party
advisors, agents, and consultants. These third parties provide a variety of
services, including consulting, data hosting and storage, advertising and
marketing, website content and features, analytics, research, customer
service, security, fraud prevention, tax, and legal services.
* Where applicable, your data may be processed by third parties listed in our
consent modal. These parties might be advertisers or companies that help us
disseminate advertisements, measure the performance of advertisements, and/or
analyze your use of the Service. These third parties will not receive data
that directly personally identifies you. The data disclosed is limited to
identifiers such as IP addresses and cookie IDs. Your name, email address,
and other directly identifying data will only be disclosed to these third
parties if you explicitly allow us to disclose this data. Find out more here.
* We may disclose the information we collect to our affiliates and subsidiaries
under common ownership or control for the purposes outlined in this Privacy
Policy.
* We may disclose personal data in response to legal processes or when the law
requires it (for example, in response to a court order or an order from a
relevant national judicial or administrative authority under Art. 10
Regulation (EU) 2022/2065) or, to the extent permitted by applicable law, to
protect the rights, property, or safety of ResearchGate, the Service, Users
of the Service (including you), and others.
* We may share information about you in connection with a sale or merger or in
preparation of such transaction. Another company that buys us or part of our
business has the right to use your information, but only to the extent
permitted by law and in accordance with this Privacy Policy.
* We may include embedded content in our Service that is stored with third
parties and can be accessed directly from our site. This includes content
from:

YouTube, provided by YouTube LLC, 901 Cherry Ave., San Bruno, CA 94043, USA
and for Users from the European Economic Area by Google Ireland Limited,
Gordon House, Barrow Street, Dublin 4, Ireland. For more information
regarding YouTube and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

Vimeo, provided by Vimeo Inc., 555 West 18th Street, NY 10001, USA. For more
information regarding Vimeo and its data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

SlideShare, provided by Scribd Inc., 333 Bush St., San Francisco, CA 94104,
USA. For more information regarding SlideShare and its data processing, see
its Privacy Policy.

RockContent, provided by Visually, Inc., 163 2nd Street, Unit 300, San
Francisco, CA 94105, USA. For more information regarding RockContent and its
data processing, see its Privacy Policy.

8. OUR PRESENCE IN OTHER SOCIAL NETWORKS

We maintain a presence in other social networks so that we can connect with our
users and customers.

We maintain an online presence in other social networks to provide information
about our services and maintain contact with customers and other interested
parties. When you visit our presence on other social networks, those networks
may also process your personal data for their own purposes. For example, if you
visit our company page on Facebook, Facebook may process your personal data for
its own purposes.

The legal basis for data processing is Art. 6 (1)(f) GDPR, based on our
legitimate interest in effective communication with users and customers. In
addition, Art. 6 (1)(b) constitutes the legal basis if the communication
concerns contractual or pre-contractual steps. The data may be processed on the
basis of your consent under Art. 6 (1)(a). Otherwise, the legal basis for the
processing carried out by the social networks under their control can be found
in their respective privacy policies.

We have a presence on the following social networks:

‍Facebook and Instagram (Meta Platforms Inc. 1601 Willow Road, Menlo Park,
California, 94025, USA; for European Economic Area and Switzerland: Meta
Platforms Ireland Ltd, Serpentine Avenue, Block J, Dublin 4, Ireland)
ResearchGate's Facebook and Instagram pages are operated based on an agreement
on joint controllership under data protection law. You can find more information
about data processing at Meta in its Privacy Policy.

‍X (X Corp., 1355 Market Street, Suite 900, San Francisco, California, 94103,
USA; for European Economic Area and Switzerland: Twitter International Unlimited
Company, One Cumberland Place, Fenian Street Dublin 2, D02 AX07, Ireland)
You can find more information about data processing at X in its Privacy Policy.

‍LinkedIn (LinkedIn Corp., 1000 W. Maude Avenue, Sunnyvale, California, 94085,
USA; for European Economic Area and Switzerland: LinkedIn Ireland Unlimited
Company, Wilton Plaza, Wilton Place, Dublin 2, Ireland)
‍ResearchGate's LinkedIn page is operated based on an agreement on joint
controllership under data protection law. You can find more information about
data processing at LinkedIn in its Privacy Policy.

9. REPORTING CONTENT

If you report content on ResearchGate to us for review, we ask that you provide
some basic information about yourself. In limited cases, we may provide your
identity to the uploader of the content you reported.

If you find content on ResearchGate that you think violates ResearchGate's
policies or the law, you can report it to us. Find out how to report content
here. Generally, you will be asked to provide your name and email address as
part of your report. We may use this information to ask you follow-up questions
or to provide updates about your report. In some cases, where necessary and
appropriate, we may also provide this information to the person who added the
content you reported. For example, if you report a copyright infringement, we
normally provide the copyright owner's name and email address to the reported
party so they can understand the claim and reach out to the copyright owner with
any questions.

The legal basis for this data processing is Art. 6 (1)(c) GDPR in conjunction
with the relevant provisions of the Digital Services Act (DSA), in particular
Art. 16 and 17 DSA.

10. TRANSFER TO THIRD COUNTRIES

We transfer data to so-called third countries outside the European Economic Area
where we have a legal basis to do so.

Some of the service providers with which your personal data may be shared are
located outside of the European Economic Area. In some of these countries, the
level of data protection does not correspond with that of the European Union.

Where this is the case and the European Commission has not issued an adequacy
decision (Art. 45 GDPR) for the country, we have taken appropriate measures to
ensure an adequate level of data protection for data transfer. These measures
include, among others, the Standard Contractual Clauses of the European Union or
binding internal data protection regulations. If these measures are not
applicable we base the data transfer on the exceptions under Art. 49 GDPR,
especially on your consent or the necessity of the transfer for the performance
of our contract with you.

11. DELETING YOUR ACCOUNT AND RETENTION OF PERSONAL DATA

You can delete your account at any time. How long we store your data depends on
the status of your account.

For Members, we generally store your personal data as long as your account is
active.

Provided you can access your account, you can delete it yourself in your Account
Settings at any time. If you request that we delete your account for you, we
might ask for proof of identity before doing so, to protect you and others from
accidental or unauthorized account deletion. Should there be doubts about your
identity, we may not delete your account but instead remove it from public view
until you can clearly verify your identity.

We reserve the right to delete accounts that are inactive for at least one year
or where the contact email address for the account is no longer operational. We
will attempt to notify you before doing so.

If you delete your account, it will be deleted from our productive systems and
you won't be able to reactivate it later.

We may keep personal data if it is strictly necessary to comply with any legal
or regulatory obligations, defend disputes, enforce our Terms of Service, and/or
take other actions otherwise permitted by law.

12. DATA SUBJECT RIGHTS

As a data subject, you may be entitled to exercise a number of rights, such as
the right to request access to your personal data.

In addition to your rights to withdraw any consent you may have granted or
exercise any opt-out option we provide, you may be entitled to exercise some or
all of the following rights:

* Right of access in accordance with Art. 15 GDPR. In particular, you can
obtain information about the purposes of processing, categories of personal
data, categories of recipients to whom your data has been or will be
disclosed, planned storage period, and the origin of your data if it was not
obtained directly from you.
* Right to correct inaccurate or complete incomplete personal data according to
Art. 16 GDPR.
* Right to delete your personal data stored with us in accordance with Art. 17
GDPR, subject to legal or contractual retention periods or other legal
obligations or rights that must be observed.
* Right to restrict the processing of your personal data in accordance with
Art. 18 GDPR in the event that: you contest the accuracy of the data; the
processing is unlawful but you oppose its deletion; we no longer need the
personal data for the purposes of the processing but you need it for your
assertion; it may be relevant to exercise or defend legal claims; or you have
lodged an objection to the processing in accordance with Art. 21 GDPR.
* Right to data portability in accordance with Art. 20 GDPR, to receive the
stored personal data concerning you in a structured, commonly used, and
machine-readable format, or request the transfer of this data to another
responsible party.
* Right to lodge a complaint with the supervisory authority responsible for us
or any other competent supervisory authority in a Member State, in particular
with the supervisory authority responsible for you. The supervisory authority
competent for ResearchGate is: Berliner Beauftragte für Datenschutz und
Informationsfreiheit (Berlin Commissioner for Data Protection and Freedom of
Information), Alt-Moabit 59-61, 10555 Berlin, Germany.

You may exercise the rights referred to above, pose any related questions, or
make any complaints regarding data processing by contacting us here.

The same and/or similar rights as laid out in this section might also be
available to you under other jurisdictions, i.e. beyond the GDPR.

13. CONTACT INFORMATION

There are various ways that you can contact us.

If you have any questions or concerns about this Privacy Policy, please email
our privacy team at privacy[at]researchgate.net or contact us here.

To directly contact our data protection officer, please send a letter to:

Data Protection Officer
ResearchGate GmbH
Chausseestr. 20
10115 Berlin
Germany

You can find additional information about security and privacy in our Help
Center here.

REPRESENTATION FOR DATA SUBJECTS IN THE UK

We value your privacy and your rights as a data subject and have therefore
appointed our UK subsidiary as our privacy representative and your point of
contact. If you want to contact us via our representative or make use of your
data subject rights, please contact:

RESEARCHGATE LIMITED
1 The Green, Richmond
Kemp House 160 City Road
TW9 1PL
UNITED KINGDOM
uk-representative[at]researchgate.net

14. US SPECIFIC INFORMATION

This section is applicable to Users using our Service from the United States,
with particular provisions applicable only to Users based in California.

14.1 YOUR REQUESTS

We will consider all requests and provide our response within the time period
stated by applicable law and as otherwise required by applicable law. Please
note, however, that certain information may be exempt from such requests in some
circumstances, which may include if we need to keep processing your information
for our legitimate business interests or to comply with a legal obligation. We
may request you provide us with the information necessary to confirm your
identity before responding to your request. You have a right to submit your
request via an agent if the agent has your written permission. In such
circumstances, we may still need to verify your identity separately. Depending
on applicable law, you may have the right to appeal our decision to deny your
request. If we deny your request, we will provide you with information on how to
appeal the decision, if applicable, in our communications with you.

14.2 NOTICE OF RIGHT TO OPT OUT OF SALES OF PERSONAL INFORMATION AND
SHARING/PROCESSING OF PERSONAL INFORMATION FOR TARGETED ADVERTISING PURPOSES

As explained in section 6 (Sponsored content on ResearchGate), we allow certain
third-party advertising providers to collect information about your device and
online browsing activities for targeted advertising and related purposes, so
that we can provide you with more relevant and tailored ads. This disclosure of
your information to these third parties may be considered a “sale” of personal
information under applicable laws in the United States or the "processing" or
"sharing" of personal information for targeted advertising purposes.

You can opt out of our online disclosure of your personal information through
cookie and pixel technology for purposes that could be considered “sales” for
third parties' own commercial purposes, or “sharing” for purposes of targeted
advertising. To do so, please click here. You can also submit a request to opt
out of our disclosure of information other than through cookies or pixels that
are subject to applicable opt-out rights by emailing us at
privacy[at]researchgate.net.

14.3 ADDITIONAL PRIVACY INFORMATION FOR CALIFORNIA RESIDENTS

If you are a California resident, the California Consumer Privacy Act and its
associated amendments (“CCPA”) require us to provide you with the following
additional information about:

* The purpose for which we use each category of “personal information” (as
defined in the CCPA) we collect.
* The categories of third parties to which we: (a) disclose such personal
information for a business purpose; (b) “share” personal information for
“cross-context behavioral advertising”; and/or (c) “sell” such personal
information.

Under the CCPA, “sharing” is defined as the targeting of advertising to a
consumer based on that consumer’s personal information obtained from the
consumer’s activity across websites, and “selling” is defined as the disclosure
of personal information to third parties in exchange for monetary or other
valuable consideration.

Our use of third-party online advertising services, which are described in
detail in section 6 (Sponsored content on ResearchGate) above, may result in the
disclosure of online identifiers (for example, cookie data, IP addresses, device
identifiers, and usage information) in a way that may be considered a “sale” or
"sharing" under the CCPA.

We source, use, and disclose the categories of personal information we collect
from and about you consistent with the various business purposes we describe
throughout this Privacy Policy. See section 2 (Data we process), section 3 (How
we use data), section 4 (How we use relevant publicly available data and data
provided by our partners), section 5 (How we use technologies like cookies and
pixels), section 6 (Sponsored content on ResearchGate), and section 7 (Service
providers) for more information.

A) YOUR CHOICES REGARDING "SHARING" AND "SELLING"

You have the right to opt out of our “sharing” or “selling” of your personal
information for purposes of online analytics and advertising through the use of
cookies or pixels by clicking here. To opt out of the offline disclosure of your
information to third parties for purposes other than through cookies or pixels,
please email us at privacy[at]researchgate.net.

B) OTHER CCPA RIGHTS

If we ever offer any financial incentives in exchange for your personal
information, we will provide you with appropriate information about such
incentives.

The CCPA also allows you to limit the use or disclosure of your “sensitive
personal information” (as defined in the CCPA) if your sensitive personal
information is used for certain purposes. We do not use or disclose such
information other than for disclosed and permitted business purposes for which
there is no right to limit the use or disclosure under the applicable law.

In addition to the specific rights you have under California law as described in
this section, you may have more general rights under the GDPR. See section 12
(Data subject rights) above for more information.

C) RETENTION OF YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION

Please see section 11 (Deleting your account and retention of personal data)
above.

14.4 CONTACT INFORMATION

Please see section 13 (Contact information) above.

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