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MIT News: 77 Mass Ave
A SIMPLE URINE TEST FOR LOW-COST CANCER DIAGNOSIS
The paper-based diagnostic, which can be read without sophisticated equipment,
could also be designed to reveal whether a tumor has metastasized or recurred.
By
* Anne Traftonarchive page
June 27, 2023
A new nanoparticle sensor can enable cancer diagnosis with a urine test. The
nanoparticles (blue) carry DNA barcodes (zigzag lines) that can be cleaved by
cancer-associated proteases in the body (pac-man shapes). Once cleaved, the DNA
barcodes can be detected in a urine sample.Courtesy of the researchers. Edited
by the MIT News Office
A nanoparticle sensor developed by Professor Sangeeta Bhatia, SM ’93, PhD ’97,
and colleagues including former MIT postdoc Liangliang Hao, now an assistant
professor at Boston University, could make it possible to detect and monitor
cancers with an affordable paper-based urine test.
The nanoparticles are a variation on a type of “synthetic biomarker” developed
in Bhatia’s lab that can produce a more easily detectable signal than the
natural markers present in tiny quantities in people with cancer. When injected
particles interact with enzymes that tumor cells produce, they shed specific
sequences of DNA that are excreted in urine. Using CRISPR technology to analyze
these DNA “bar codes” can point to distinguishing features of a particular
patient’s tumor or reveal how well it is responding to treatment.
“Putting this diagnostic on paper is part of our goal of democratizing
diagnostics and creating inexpensive technologies that can give you a fast
answer at the point of care,” says Bhatia. In tests in mice, the researchers
showed that they could accurately distinguish tumors that arose in the lungs
from tumors formed by colorectal cancer cells that had metastasized to the
lungs. They also showed that their approach could be scaled up to distinguish at
least 46 DNA bar codes in a single sample.
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BY ANNE TRAFTON
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WELCOME TO THE NEW SURREAL. HOW AI-GENERATED VIDEO IS CHANGING FILM.
Exclusive: Watch the world premiere of the AI-generated short film The Frost.
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INTRODUCING THE CHIEF TRUST OFFICER
Building and maintaining stakeholder trust is now a key responsibility across
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A BRAIN IMPLANT CHANGED HER LIFE. THEN IT WAS REMOVED AGAINST HER WILL.
Her case highlights why we need to enshrine neuro rights in law.
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MODERNIZING THE AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY: CREATING A SEAMLESS CUSTOMER EXPERIENCE
As digital modernization drives more intelligent vehicles, traditional OEMs are
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