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ISOFLAVONES

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Soy foods are one of the healthiest foods with many benefits, including
protection against breast cancer, prostate cancer, menopausal symptoms, heart
disease and osteoporosis. Many of these health benefits are attributed to its
isoflavones. However some critics claim that isoflavones can increase the risk
of breast cancer and cause goiter and hyperthyroidism. Besides isoflavones, soy
foods contain other healthy compounds, such as saponins, fiber, lunasin and
omega-3 fatty acid.

The chemical structure of isoflavones is very similar to that of our own
estrogen. Because of this similarity in structure, they can interfere with the
action of our own estrogen.



Depending on the type of estrogen receptor on the cells, they may reduce or
increase the activity of estrogen. They can compete with estrogen for the same
receptor sites thereby decreasing the health risks of excess estrogen. But they
can also increase the estrogen activity. If during menopause the body’s natural
level of estrogen drops, isoflavones can compensate this by binding to the same
receptor, thereby easing menopause symptoms as a result.

The best way to consume isoflavones is in the form of soy or soy foods, so you
can benefit from other healthy components of soy. Soy contains many types of
isoflavones, but the most beneficial are genistein (see picture) and daidzein.
The highest amounts of soy isoflavones can be found in soy nuts and tempeh.
Another natural source is red clover. Tempeh and other fermented soy foods
contain isoflavones as aglycones, which are more readily absorbed.


HEALTH BENEFITS

Research in several areas of healthcare has shown that consumption of
isoflavones may play a role in lowering risk for diseases. The following
potential health benefits are attributed to isoflavones:

 * Ease menopausal symptoms – The benefits of soy go beyond reducing long-term
   cancer risk. Recent studies have found that soy isoflavones can reduce
   menopausal symptoms such as hot flushes and increase bone density in women.
   Indeed, many menopausal and post-menopausal health problems may result from a
   lack of isoflavones in the typical Western diet. Although study results are
   not entirely consistent, isoflavones from soy or red clover may be helpful
   for symptoms of menopause. A study carried out by “Health Test” in 2004
   investigated the prescription behavior of 27 doctors for women with menopause
   symptoms. It showed that isoflavones were recommended twice as often as
   hormonal treatment. The prescribed supplements were mainly based on soy,
   black cohosh and hops.
 * Reduce heart disease risk – Soy isoflavones also appear to reduce
   cardiovascular disease risk via several distinct mechanisms. They inhibit the
   growth of cells that form artery clogging plaque. These plaques usually form
   blood clots which can lead to a heart attack. A review of 38 controlled
   studies on soy and heart disease concluded that soy is definitely effective
   for improving cholesterol profile. There is some evidence that isoflavones
   are the active ingredients in soy responsible for improving cholesterol
   profile.
 * Protect against prostate problems – Isoflavones may be beneficial for men
   because they may protect against enlargement of the male prostate gland.
   Studies show that they may slow prostate cancer growth and may cause prostate
   cancer cells to die. They act against cancer cells in a way similar to many
   common cancer-treating drugs.
 * Isoflavones improve bone health – Soy Isoflavones help in the preservation of
   the bone substance and fight osteoporosis. This is the reason why people in
   China and Japan very rarely have osteoporosis, despite their low consumption
   of dairy products, whereas in Europe and North America the contrary happens.
   Unlike estrogen, which helps prevent the destruction of bone, evidence
   suggests that isoflavones may also assist in creating new bone. Other studies
   are not entirely consistent, but evidence suggests that genistein can help
   prevent osteoporosis.
 * Reduce cancer risk – Isoflavones seem to be protect against tumors because
   they act against cancer cells in a way similar to many common cancer-treating
   drugs. Population-based studies show a strong association between consumption
   of isoflavones and a reduced risk of breast and endometrial cancer. Women who
   ate the most soy products and other foods rich in isoflavones reduced their
   risk of endometrial cancer by 54%.


ISOFLAVONES ARE NATURAL ANTIOXIDANTS

Isoflavones have potent antioxidant properties, comparable to that of the well
known antioxidant vitamin E. Their antioxidant powers can reduce the long-term
risk of cancer by preventing free radical damage to DNA. Genistein is the most
potent antioxidant among the soy isoflavones, followed by daidzein.



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