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Geoid Modeling


Local Geoid Modeling Methods:

 * Stokes - Helmert Method
 * Danish Method (Remove - Compute - Restore)
 * KTH Method

Others:

 * Gravity Data Assessment
 * Supporting Data

Geoid Modeling
 * 
 * Local Geoid Modeling
 * View page source

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LOCAL GEOID MODELING

The geoid is an equipotential surface that coincides with mean sea level,
usually used as a mathematical model to represent the physical shape of the
Earth (Heiskanen & Moritz, 1967). The geoid plays an important role in geodesy,
the geoid not only shows the true surface shape of the Earth, but also becomes a
reference surface for height systems. (Torge, 2001). Additionally, a geoid has
an accurate geometric representation of the Earth compared to an ellipsoid.
Geoid determination can use two methods including the gravimetric method and the
geometric method.

In geometric geoid modeling, geoid undulations are obtained from GNSS
observations and leveling. Meanwhile, the gravimetric method is a more reliable
method than the geometric method for building high-resolution geoid models on a
regional or global scale because gravity anomalies are relatively easier to
measure over large areas without cumulative errors in distance (Matsuo &
Kuroishi, 2020).

The relationship between geoid undulations, geodetic height and orthometric
height is illustrated as follows:

N=h−H

where N is geoid undulation, h is ellipsoidal height, and H is orthometric
height.

Local Geoid Modeling Methods:

 * Stokes - Helmert Method
 * Danish Method (Remove - Compute - Restore)
 * KTH Method

Others:

 * Gravity Data Assessment
 * Supporting Data

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