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World


GLOBAL WARMING OF 1.5 °C

Format Analysis Source
 * IPCC

Posted 8 Oct 2018 Originally published 8 Oct 2018 Origin View original


ATTACHMENTS

 * Download Report (PDF | 1.05 MB | Summary for policymakers)
 * Download Report (PDF | 74.91 KB | Headline statements)

Global Warming of 1.5 °C - an IPCC special report on the impacts of global
warming of 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas
emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the global response to the
threat of climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate
poverty

INCHEON, Republic of Korea, 8 Oct - Limiting global warming to 1.5ºC would
require rapid, farreaching and unprecedented changes in all aspects of society,
the IPCC said in a new assessment.

With clear benefits to people and natural ecosystems, limiting global warming to
1.5ºC compared to 2ºC could go hand in hand with ensuring a more sustainable and
equitable society, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) said on
Monday.

The Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5ºC was approved by the IPCC on
Saturday in Incheon,
Republic of Korea. It will be a key scientific input into the Katowice Climate
Change Conference in Poland in December, when governments review the Paris
Agreement to tackle climate change. “With more than 6,000 scientific references
cited and the dedicated contribution of thousands of expert and government
reviewers worldwide, this important report testifies to the breadth and policy
relevance of the IPCC,” said Hoesung Lee, Chair of the IPCC.

Ninety-one authors and review editors from 40 countries prepared the IPCC report
in response to an invitation from the United Nations Framework Convention on
Climate Change (UNFCCC) when it adopted the Paris Agreement in 2015.

The report’s full name is Global Warming of 1.5°C, an IPCC special report on the
impacts of global warming of 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels and related
global greenhouse gas emission pathways, in the context of strengthening the
global response to the threat of climate change, sustainable development, and
efforts to eradicate poverty. “One of the key messages that comes out very
strongly from this report is that we are already seeing the consequences of 1°C
of global warming through more extreme weather, rising sea levels and
diminishing Arctic sea ice, among other changes,” said Panmao Zhai, Co-Chair of
IPCC Working Group I.

The report highlights a number of climate change impacts that could be avoided
by limiting global warming to 1.5ºC compared to 2ºC, or more. For instance, by
2100, global sea level rise would be 10 cm lower with global warming of 1.5°C
compared with 2°C. The likelihood of an Arctic Ocean free of sea ice in summer
would be once per century with global warming of 1.5°C, compared with at least
once per decade with 2°C. Coral reefs would decline by 70-90 percent with global
warming of 1.5°C, whereas virtually all (> 99 percent) would be lost with 2ºC.
“Every extra bit of warming matters, especially since warming of 1.5ºC or higher
increases the risk associated with long-lasting or irreversible changes, such as
the loss of some ecosystems,” said Hans-Otto Pörtner, Co-Chair of IPCC Working
Group II.

Limiting global warming would also give people and ecosystems more room to adapt
and remain below relevant risk thresholds, added Pörtner. The report also
examines pathways available to limit warming to 1.5ºC, what it would take to
achieve them and what the consequences could be. “The good news is that some of
the kinds of actions that would be needed to limit global warming to 1.5ºC are
already underway around the world, but they would need to accelerate,” said
Valerie Masson-Delmotte, Co-Chair of Working Group I.

The report finds that limiting global warming to 1.5°C would require “rapid and
far-reaching” transitions in land, energy, industry, buildings, transport, and
cities. Global net human-caused emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) would need to
fall by about 45 percent from 2010 levels by 2030, reaching ‘net zero’ around
2050. This means that any remaining emissions would need to be balanced by
removing CO2 from the air. “Limiting warming to 1.5ºC is possible within the
laws of chemistry and physics but doing so would require unprecedented changes,”
said Jim Skea, Co-Chair of IPCC Working Group III.
Allowing the global temperature to temporarily exceed or ‘overshoot’ 1.5ºC would
mean a greater reliance on techniques that remove CO2 from the air to return
global temperature to below 1.5ºC by 2100. The effectiveness of such techniques
are unproven at large scale and some may carry significant risks for sustainable
development, the report notes. “Limiting global warming to 1.5°C compared with
2°C would reduce challenging impacts on ecosystems, human health and well-being,
making it easier to achieve the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,”
said Priyardarshi Shukla, Co-Chair of IPCC Working Group III.

The decisions we make today are critical in ensuring a safe and sustainable
world for everyone, both now and in the future, said Debra Roberts, Co-Chair of
IPCC Working Group II. “This report gives policymakers and practitioners the
information they need to make decisions that tackle climate change while
considering local context and people’s needs. The next few years are probably
the most important in our history,” she said.

The IPCC is the leading world body for assessing the science related to climate
change, its impacts and potential future risks, and possible response options.

The report was prepared under the scientific leadership of all three IPCC
working groups. Working Group I assesses the physical science basis of climate
change; Working Group II addresses impacts, adaptation and vulnerability; and
Working Group III deals with the mitigation of climate change.

The Paris Agreement adopted by 195 nations at the 21st Conference of the Parties
to the UNFCCC in December 2015 included the aim of strengthening the global
response to the threat of climate change by “holding the increase in the global
average temperature to well below 2°C above preindustrial levels and pursuing
efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels.”
As part of the decision to adopt the Paris Agreement, the IPCC was invited to
produce, in 2018, a Special Report on global warming of 1.5°C above
pre-industrial levels and related global greenhouse gas emission pathways. The
IPCC accepted the invitation, adding that the Special Report would look at these
issues in the context of strengthening the global response to the threat of
climate change, sustainable development, and efforts to eradicate poverty.

Global Warming of 1.5ºC is the first in a series of Special Reports to be
produced in the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Cycle. Next year the IPCC will release
the Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate, and
Climate Change and Land, which looks at how climate change affects land use.

Read the full report here


REPORT DETAILS

Primary country
 * World

Source
 * Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Format
 * Analysis

Theme
 * Climate Change and Environment

Language
 * English


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