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THE INTERNET, UNIX, BSD AND LINUX


KENNETH R. SABORIO

 

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THE INTERNET, UNIX, BSD, AND LINUX

A large gateway to the Internet—the NSFNET—was developed by the National Science
Foundation with an estimated $121 million in federal funds from the United
States government in the mid 80s. As a step to privatize the global computer
network, Sprint Corp., Pacific Bell, Ameritech, and Metropolitan Fiber Systems
took over the management of the NSFNET in late 1994. After nine years in
operation, the NSFNET was decommissioned in late April 1995.

The Unix operating system was originally developed at AT&T's Bell Laboratories
by Ken Thompson, an employee engaged in various programming research projects.
With access to an abandoned DEC PDP-7 computer that had no software, Thompson
decided in 1969 to write a set of programs that would aid him in software
research. Over a period of several years, and with the help of fellow researcher
Dennis Ritchie, this set of programs evolved into a full operating system.

The Computer Science Division at University of California at Berkeley released
in the late 70s a package of software for Unix originally named the Berkeley
Software Distribution. Unix was then adapted by UCB's Computer Science Research
Group for academic research and publishing. CSRG with the support of DARPA also
enhanced various Unix operating system utilities that were released as BSD.

Linux was conceived in 1991 by Linus Torvalds at the University in Helsinki,
Finland. Torvalds' early releases were inspired on Minix, a Unix clone developed
by Andy Tanenbaum in the late 80s. As more people got involved in Torvald's
project, Linux began to acquire the scalability of a Unix System V operating
system.

 

The Internet, Unix, BSD, and Linux

   


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