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URL:
https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2021/04/what-is-blockchain/
Submission: On September 30 via api (September 30th 2023, 11:53:02 pm UTC) from FI — Scanned from FI

Form analysis
6 forms found in the DOM

<form>
  <fieldset>
    <legend class="visuallyhidden">Consent Selection</legend>
    <div id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyFieldsetInnerContainer">
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"><span
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Necessary</span></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapperDisabled"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessary"
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"><span
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Preferences</span></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
            data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" checked="checked" tabindex="0"> <span class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></div>
      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"><span
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Performance</span></label>
        <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox"
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      </div>
      <div class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonWrapper"><label class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonLabel" for="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing"><span
            class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDescription">Marketing</span></label>
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</form>

<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonNecessaryInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonDisabled" disabled="disabled" checked="checked"> <span
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<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferencesInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonPreferences"
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<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatisticsInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonStatistics"
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<form><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketingInline" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelConsentCheckbox" data-target="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonMarketing" checked="checked"
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<form class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSliderWrapper"><input type="checkbox" id="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyContentCheckboxPersonalInformation" class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButton"> <span
    class="CybotCookiebotDialogBodyLevelButtonSlider"></span></form>

Text Content

THIS WEBSITE USES COOKIES

The World Economic Forum uses necessary cookies to make our site work. We would
also like to set optional "marketing" cookies to personalise content and ads and
“performance” cookies to improve the website.
Consent Selection
Necessary

Preferences

Performance

Marketing

Show details
Necessary 52

Necessary cookies help make a website usable by enabling basic functions like
page navigation and access to secure areas of the website. The website cannot
function properly without these cookies.
* Dailymotion
1
Learn more about this provider
usprivacyDetects whether the user has checked the Do Not Sell My Personal
Information-button on the website. This feature is a part of the CCPA.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Google
1
Learn more about this provider
test_cookieUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* Kaltura
1
Learn more about this provider
object(quot;#-#-#T#:#:#.#Zquot;)Holds the users timezone.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* LinkedIn
2
Learn more about this provider
li_gcStores the user's cookie consent state for the current domain
Expiry: 180 daysType: HTTP
bscookieThis cookie is used to identify the visitor through an application.
This allows the visitor to login to a website through their LinkedIn
application for example.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Loginradius
5
Learn more about this provider
_GRECAPTCHAThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots. This
is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the use of
their website.
Expiry: 180 daysType: HTTP
rc::aThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots. This is
beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the use of
their website.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
rc::bThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
rc::cThis cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
rc::d-15#This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* NASA
1
Learn more about this provider
cookietestThis cookie is used to determine if the visitor has accepted the
cookie consent box.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* OneTrust
1
Learn more about this provider
OptanonConsentDetermines whether the visitor has accepted the cookie consent
box. This ensures that the cookie consent box will not be presented again
upon re-entry.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Parse.ly
1
Learn more about this provider
cookies.js_dtestThis cookie determines whether the browser accepts cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* VWO
7
Learn more about this provider
t.gifEnsures that product pictures are presented correctly on website.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
_vwo_uuid_v2 [x5]This cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which
optimizes the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can also
be set to improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
nlsgd#Pending
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* World Economic Forum
9
Learn more about this provider
tsThis cookie is necessary for the PayPal login-function on the website.
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
v1stPending
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
connect.sidThe cookie is necessary for secure log-in and the detection of any
spam or abuse of the website.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
SessionSets a unique ID for the session. This allows the website to obtain
data on visitor behaviour for statistical purposes.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
fdisIdentifies the logged in user. A unique session ID is linked to the user
so that they are identified while navigating the website. The user is logged
out when the session expires.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
followTopicUsed to set topic preferences for unauthenticated visitors prior
to authentication
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
redirect_pathUserd to handle internal page redirects
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
refresh_token_prodA token used to refresh a user's authenticated session upon
access_token expriry
Expiry: 30 daysType: HTTP
STICKYUsed to distribute traffic to the website on several servers in order
to optimise response times.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* api2.hcaptcha.com
1
__cflbRegisters which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used in
context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* assets.weforum.org
consent.cookiebot.com

9
CookieConsent [x9]Stores the user's cookie consent state for the current
domain
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* fonts.net
livestream.com
onesignal.com
vimeo.com

4
__cf_bm [x4]This cookie is used to distinguish between humans and bots. This
is beneficial for the website, in order to make valid reports on the use of
their website.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* jp.weforum.org
google.com

2
CONSENT [x2]Used to detect if the visitor has accepted the marketing category
in the cookie banner. This cookie is necessary for GDPR-compliance of the
website.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
* nr-data.net
www.linkedin.com

2
JSESSIONID [x2]Preserves users states across page requests.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* resourcewatch.org
1
nextauth.messagePreserves users states across page requests.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* tag.aticdn.net
3
_cookie_test [x3]This cookie determines whether the browser accepts cookies.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* widget.sndcdn.com
1
sc_anonymous_idUsed in context with the 3D-view-function on the website.
Expiry: 10 yearsType: HTTP

Preferences 29

Preference cookies enable a website to remember information that changes the way
the website behaves or looks, like your preferred language or the region that
you are in.
* Acast
1
Learn more about this provider
AcastLangThis cookie is used to determine the preferred language of the
visitor and sets the language accordingly on the website, if possible.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Alibaba.com
2
Learn more about this provider
l [x2]The cookie determines the preferred language and country-setting of the
visitor - This allows the website to show content most relevant to that
region and language.
Expiry: 180 daysType: HTTP
* LinkedIn
3
Learn more about this provider
langNecessary for maintaining language-settings across subpages on the
website.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
lidcRegisters which server-cluster is serving the visitor. This is used in
context with load balancing, in order to optimize user experience.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
li_alertsUsed to determine when and where certain pop-ups on the website
should be presented for the user and remember whether the user has closed
these, to keep them from showing multiple times.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* OneSignal
5
Learn more about this provider
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#IdsDetects whether the user should be presented with a
notification-bar upon entry on the website.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationClickedUsed by the website to determine which
support notifications the user has been shown.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationOpenedContains the widget state on whether it
has been minimized or opened for internal statistics.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#NotificationReceivedUsed by the website to determine which
support notifications the user has been shown.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#SessionsUsed to maintain visitors' preferences throughout
the visit and sub-pages.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
* Sli.do
6
Learn more about this provider
app.lastEventUuidCaptures state of last user event on the app too ensure user
flow states are maintained
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.localFeatureFlagsSets locale as per user preference on the browser
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.rememberedUserMaintains user state while using Sli.do app on the
website
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.uiApp.isLightnessAutomaticBased on user device, loads light or
complete app automatically
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.uiApp.lightnessBased on user device, loads light or complete app
automatically
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
app.redux.uiNewQuestions.readQuestionsIdsEnables capture of new questions
from users
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Tableau
2
Learn more about this provider
tableau_localeThe cookie determines the preferred language and
country-setting of the visitor - This allows the website to show content most
relevant to that region and language.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
tableau_public_negotiated_localeUsed in context with the language setting on
the website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of the
visitor.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Vimeo
2
Learn more about this provider
playerSaves the user's preferences when playing embedded videos from Vimeo.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
sync_activeContains data on visitor's video-content preferences - This allows
the website to remember parameters such as preferred volume or video quality.
The service is provided by Vimeo.com.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* World Economic Forum
8
Learn more about this provider
i18next.translate.boo [x2]Used in context with the language setting on the
website. Facilitates the translation into the preferred language of the
visitor.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
jwplayerLocalIdUsed to determine the optimal video quality based on the
visitor's device and network settings.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
loglevelMaintains settings and outputs when using the Developer Tools Console
on current session.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
i18nextLngDetermines the preferred language of the visitor. Allows the
website to set the preferred language upon the visitor's re-entry.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
inlined_view_idThis cookie is used in conjunction with the video player. The
cookie remembers if the user has muted the volume and keeps this setting on
other video content watched by the visitor.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
dismissedCtaBannerUsed to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call to
action
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
dismissedNavPromoUsed to determine whether a visitor has dismissed a call to
action
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP

Performance 118

Performance cookies help website owners to understand how visitors interact with
websites by collecting and reporting information anonymously.
* Alibaba.com
1
Learn more about this provider
APLUS_LS_KEYRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Google
66
Learn more about this provider
__utma [x3]Collects data on the number of times a user has visited the
website as well as dates for the first and most recent visit. Used by Google
Analytics.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
__utmb [x3]Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user
accessed the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration of a
website visit.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
__utmc [x3]Registers a timestamp with the exact time of when the user leaves
the website. Used by Google Analytics to calculate the duration of a website
visit.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__utmv [x3]Saves user-defined tracking parameters for use in Google
Analytics.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
__utmz [x3]Collects data on where the user came from, what search engine was
used, what link was clicked and what search term was used. Used by Google
Analytics.
Expiry: 6 monthsType: HTTP
_ga [x16]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on
how the visitor uses the website.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
_ga_# [x12]Used by Google Analytics to collect data on the number of times a
user has visited the website as well as dates for the first and most recent
visit.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
_gat [x6]Used by Google Analytics to throttle request rate
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
_gid [x12]Registers a unique ID that is used to generate statistical data on
how the visitor uses the website.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
collectUsed to send data to Google Analytics about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
__utmt [x2]Used to throttle the speed of requests to the server.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
__gsasUsed by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement efficiency
across websites using their services.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
tdRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for
internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
* LinkedIn
2
Learn more about this provider
AnalyticsSyncHistoryUsed in connection with data-synchronization with
third-party analysis service.
Expiry: 30 daysType: HTTP
ln_orRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for
internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* OECD
1
Learn more about this provider
context_historyPending
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* Parse.ly
3
Learn more about this provider
_parsely_sessionThis cookie is used to collect data on visitor behavior on
the website.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
_parsely_visitorThis cookie is used to determine if the visitor has visited
the website before, or if it is a new visitor on the website.
Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
parsely_uuidRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website.
Used for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Sli.do
4
Learn more about this provider
_persistenceTest [x2]Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
Slido.EventAuthTokens [x2]Pending
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Taobao.com
2
Learn more about this provider
x5secdataRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
xlly_sCollects data on visitor interaction with the website's video-content.
This data is used to make the website's video-content more relevant towards
the visitor.
Expiry: 3 daysType: HTTP
* VWO
11
Learn more about this provider
analyzeThis cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with
multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on
the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of
the site.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
l.gifThis cookie is used by the website’s operator in context with
multi-variate testing. This is a tool used to combine or change content on
the website. This allows the website to find the best variation/edition of
the site.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
v.gifThis cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which optimizes
the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can also be set to
improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
vwoSnThis cookie is set to make split-tests on the website, which optimizes
the website's relevance towards the visitor – the cookie can also be set to
improve the visitor's experience on a website.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_vis_opt_exp_#_combiUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the same
user interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is
participating in a design experiment.
Expiry: 100 daysType: HTTP
_vis_opt_sUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to determine if the visitor is
participating in a design experiment.
Expiry: 100 daysType: HTTP
_vis_opt_test_cookieUsed to check if the user's browser supports cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_vwo_dsCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number
of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded
with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
Expiry: 2 monthsType: HTTP
_vwo_referrerRegisters data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is used for
internal analysis and website optimization.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_vwo_snCollects statistics on the visitor's visits to the website, such as
the number of visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have
been read.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
_vwo_uuidUsed by Visual Website Optimizer to ensure that the same user
interface variant is displayed for each visit, if the user is participating
in a design experiment.
Expiry: 10 yearsType: HTTP
* World Economic Forum
6
Learn more about this provider
__qcaCollects data on the user's visits to the website, such as the number of
visits, average time spent on the website and what pages have been loaded
with the purpose of generating reports for optimising the website content.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
undefinedCollects data on visitor interaction with the website's
video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more
relevant towards the visitor.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
dmvkRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used for
internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
createDateContains the expiry date for other cookies.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
__utm.gifGoogle Analytics Tracking Code that logs details about the visitor's
browser and computer.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
NRBA_SESSIONCollects data on the user’s navigation and behavior on the
website. This is used to compile statistical reports and heatmaps for the
website owner.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* embed-cdn.spotifycdn.com
1
sentryReplaySessionRegisters data on visitors' website-behaviour. This is
used for internal analysis and website optimization.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
* livestream.com
f.vimeocdn.com

2
vuid [x2]Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's
video-content. This data is used to make the website's video-content more
relevant towards the visitor.
Expiry: 2 yearsType: HTTP
* static.chartbeat.com
13
_cb [x2]Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and
statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_chartbeat2 [x2]Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as
which pages have been read.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_chartbeat4 [x5]Collects data on the user's visits to the website, such as
which pages have been read.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_cbCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and
statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cb_expiresThis cookie is used in context with HTML local storage, this sets
an expiry date/time for the _cb tracker, which makes it function like a
cookie.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cbtCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and
statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
_v__cb_cpCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location
and website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization
and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* tag.aticdn.net
2
atuseridRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
pa_userRegisters statistical data on users' behaviour on the website. Used
for internal analytics by the website operator.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* www.weforum.org
static.chartbeat.com

4
_cb_svref [x2]Collects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical
location and website navigation - This information is used for internal
optimization and statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
_cb_svref_expires [x2]This cookie is used in context with HTML local storage,
this sets an expiry date/time for the _cb_sverf, which makes it function like
a cookie.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML

Marketing 96

Marketing cookies are used to track visitors across websites. The intention is
to display ads that are relevant and engaging for the individual user and
thereby more valuable for publishers and third party advertisers.
* Alibaba.com
3
Learn more about this provider
tfstk [x2]Necessary for the implementation of video-content on the website.
Expiry: 180 daysType: HTTP
isgSets a unique ID for the visitor, that allows third party advertisers to
target the visitor with relevant advertisement. This pairing service is
provided by third party advertisement hubs, which facilitates real-time
bidding for advertisers.
Expiry: 180 daysType: HTTP
* Baidu
6
Learn more about this provider
Hm_lpvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: HTML
Hm_lvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
HMACCOUNT_BFESSUsed to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and
behavior. Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: 400 daysType: HTTP
Hm_ck_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
Hm_lpvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
Hm_lvt_#Used to send data to Baidu about the visitor's device and behavior.
Tracks the visitor across devices and marketing channels.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
* Chartbeat
1
Learn more about this provider
pingCollects data such as visitors' IP address, geographical location and
website navigation - This information is used for internal optimization and
statistics for the website's operator.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
* Dailymotion
1
Learn more about this provider
_TEST_Collects data on visitor interaction with the website's video-content.
This data is used to make the website's video-content more relevant towards
the visitor.
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* Google
9
Learn more about this provider
_gcl_au [x3]Used by Google AdSense for experimenting with advertisement
efficiency across websites using their services.
Expiry: 3 monthsType: HTTP
IDEUsed by Google DoubleClick to register and report the website user's
actions after viewing or clicking one of the advertiser's ads with the
purpose of measuring the efficacy of an ad and to present targeted ads to the
user.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
pagead/landing [x2]Collects data on visitor behaviour from multiple websites,
in order to present more relevant advertisement - This also allows the
website to limit the number of times that they are shown the same
advertisement.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
ads/ga-audiencesUsed by Google AdWords to re-engage visitors that are likely
to convert to customers based on the visitor's online behaviour across
websites.
Expiry: SessionType: Pixel
NIDRegisters a unique ID that identifies a returning user's device. The ID is
used for targeted ads.
Expiry: 6 monthsType: HTTP
GoogleAdServingTestUsed to register what ads have been displayed to the user.
Expiry: 1 dayType: HTTP
* LinkedIn
3
Learn more about this provider
bcookieUsed by the social networking service, LinkedIn, for tracking the use
of embedded services.
Expiry: 1 yearType: HTTP
li_sugrCollects data on user behaviour and interaction in order to optimize
the website and make advertisement on the website more relevant.
Expiry: 3 monthsType: HTTP
UserMatchHistoryEnsures visitor browsing-security by preventing cross-site
request forgery. This cookie is essential for the security of the website and
visitor.
Expiry: 30 daysType: HTTP
* Loginradius
1
Learn more about this provider
rc::fPending
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* Meta Platforms, Inc.
1
Learn more about this provider
dprPending
Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
* OneSignal
1
Learn more about this provider
ONE_SIGNAL_SDK_DB#OptionsUsed to track visitors on multiple websites, in
order to present relevant advertisement based on the visitor's preferences.
Expiry: PersistentType: IDB
* Parse.ly
1
Learn more about this provider
undefined(undefined)Pending
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
* ScorecardResearch
1
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UIDCollects information of the user and his/her movement, such as timestamp
for visits, most recently loaded pages and IP address. The data is used by
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customer's preferences.
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sp_landingUsed to implement audio-content from Spotify on the website. Can
also be used to register user interaction and preferences in context with
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Expiry: 400 daysType: HTTP
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used to register user interaction and preferences in context with
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Expiry: SessionType: HTTP
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Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
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whether the user has visited the website before.
Expiry: PersistentType: HTML
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* tag.aticdn.net
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Expiry: 13 monthsType: HTTP
* widget.sndcdn.com
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* OneSignal
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Blockchain

WHAT IS BLOCKCHAIN AND WHAT CAN IT DO?

Apr 5, 2021

Blockchain is mostly associated with money and finance, it can be used widely.

Image: Unsplash/Pascal Bernardon

SEAN FLEMING

Senior Writer, Formative Content

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What's the World Economic Forum doing to accelerate action on Blockchain?
The Big Picture

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BLOCKCHAIN

This article is part of: Global Technology Governance Summit
* Blockchain is a distributed ledger that allows for more transparent and
verifiable record keeping.
* Although associated mostly with money and finance, it can be used widely.
* There are still many barriers to its widespread adoption, including
confidence and regulation.

Every time you make an electronic payment, whether from your mobile, online, or
with a card, that transaction passes through multiple systems. Each of them
plays a role in processing that payment and forms part of the sequence of checks
and balances that exist between payer and payee.

HAVE YOU READ?

* 4 PREDICTIONS FOR BLOCKCHAIN IN 2021 – FROM CRYPTOCURRENCIES TO ART

* USING BLOCKCHAIN TO MONITOR THE COVID-19 VACCINE SUPPLY CHAIN

* SUPPLY CHAINS CAN BE A CLIMATE GAME-CHANGER. HERE'S WHY

It can be a long, complex and costly chain of connections, with each taking a
small fee from every transaction. Typically, it involves a series of banks or
other large payment processing businesses who keep track of the money on its
journey from A to B. Identities are verified, creditworthiness is established
and sums of money are accurately reconciled between accounts.

Without such processes, how could trusted payments take place? Enter blockchain,
which has the potential to disrupt that process completely. And not just for
payments, but other forms of transaction including the flow of goods and
information around the world.

Blockchain can seem complicated and a little impenetrable, which is ironic as
one of the core tenets of this technology is its openness and transparency.

How does blockchain work?

Blockchain allows consumers and suppliers to connect directly, removing the need
for a third party such as a bank.

There are some fundamentals to understanding blockchain, including the notion of
a distributed ledger. Using cryptography to keep exchanges secure, blockchain
provides a decentralized database, or “digital ledger”, of transactions that
everyone on the network can see. This network is essentially a chain of
computers that must all approve an exchange before it can be verified and
recorded.

Consulting firm Deloitte explains it as follows: “You (a ‘node’) have a file of
transactions on your computer (a ‘ledger’). Two government accountants (let's
call them ‘miners’) have the same file on theirs (so it’s ‘distributed’). As you
make a transaction, your computer sends an email to each accountant to inform
them … the first to check and validate hits REPLY ALL, attaching their logic for
verifying the transaction (‘proof of work’). If the other accountant agrees,
everyone updates their file.”

In theory, it could be completely open on the public internet, or blockchain can
be used within defined networks - there are different configurations for
different use cases. In the latter configuration, the data pertaining to a
transaction will be stored, simultaneously on the dozens, or hundreds, or
thousands of computers within that defined network. That data will update in
close to real time, so that anyone on the network can see everyone else’s
entries.

Instead of having to outsource the idea of being able to trust in a transaction
to banks and other intermediaries, blockchain puts trust out in the open by
making everything visible. And because it is open and distributed, no single
party on the network can exert undue control or influence on the ledger – or
anyone attached to it.

It has a long way to go, though, before it really becomes part of the
mainstream. Concerns around trust and regulatory compliance are among the top
reasons for its slow adoption, according to the data journalism organization,
Statista.

The barriers to blockchain. Image: Statista

More than money and bitcoins

Although cryptocurrencies depend on blockchain and are frequently cited as how
blockchain works, they are far from being its only application.

It can be used to record and track the ownership of a photographic image or a
piece of music or a patent for a new gadget. It can even be used to track the
provenance of food – from farm to plate – and medical supplies, including
vaccines.

IBM describes blockchain as: “A shared, immutable ledger that facilitates the
process of recording transactions and tracking assets in a business network. An
asset can be tangible (a house, car, cash, land) or intangible (intellectual
property, patents, copyrights, branding). Virtually anything of value can be
tracked and traded on a blockchain network, reducing risk and cutting costs for
all involved.”

Through its Food Trust network, IBM is working with businesses from the length
of the food supply chain, including Carrefour, Nestlé and others. On the Food
Network website, Chris Tyas, Global Head of Supply Chain for Nestlé, says:
“People want to know, quite rightly, where ingredients they give to their baby
have come from. We wanted a product in which trust meant something.”

“You are building a halo effect – ‘If I can trust Carrefour with this chicken, I
can also trust Carrefour for their apples or cheese,’” Emmanuel Delerm,
Carrefour’s blockchain project manager, told the news agency Reuters in 2019.

DON'T MISS ANY UPDATE ON BLOCKCHAIN

License and Republishing

World Economic Forum articles may be republished in accordance with the Creative
Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International Public
License, and in accordance with our Terms of Use.

The views expressed in this article are those of the author alone and not the
World Economic Forum.

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