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GCC VS. CLANG ON THE APPLE M1 UNDER ARCH-BASED ASAHI LINUX

Written by Michael Larabel in Software on 15 April 2022. Page 1 of 1. 10
Comments

With the Arch Linux based Asahi Linux running well on the Apple M1 (aside from
accelerated graphics and various other features not implemented yet), one of the
areas I was curious about was how well LLVM Clang and GCC C/C++ compilers
compete when running on the Apple M1 with Linux. In this article are some quick
benchmarks looking at how the stock compilers on Asahi currently compare for
Apple's Arm-based SoC.



Using a 2020 Mac Mini with Apple M1 running Asahi Linux with all Arch Linux
packages at the time, I ran a few dozen different benchmarks looking at how
various open-source C/C++ workloads compare when being built under each
compiler. GCC 11.2 and LLVM Clang 13.0.1 were the current packaged compilers
available on Asahi Linux / Arch and used for this round of testing and the same
CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS across testing -- the only change made during testing was
switching out the compiler being used for building the software under test.



For the vast majority of benchmarks the LLVM Clang vs. GCC performance was quite
close, as we've come to see over the years on various AArch64 single board
computers and server platforms. On the Apple M1 the performance was close and
GCC in good standing. But for some workloads there were significant differences
between the compilers:



The NCNN neural network inference library from Tencent was performing hugely
better when built under the GCC compiler. Across all of the different NCNN
neural network benchmarks, the GCC 11.2 built binary held a commanding lead on
the Apple M1. Meanwhile the LLVM Clang 13.0.1 compiler was performing the best
in some of the Stress-NG synthetic benchmarks, consistently offering better
performance for the Liquid-DSP digital signal processing software, and then for
the many other tests was a mix between the two compilers and usually quite
small.



In total 72 different open-source C/C++ benchmarks were built and benchmarked
under each compiler. GCC 11.2 in this initial Asahi Linux compiler testing saw
GCC 11.2 lead about 58% of the time.



If taking the geometric mean of all 72 benchmarks, GCC 11.2 led by about 13%
over Clang.

That's the quick takeaways while all the individual benchmark results can be
found on this OpenBenchmarking.org result page. As the Linux support on the
Apple M1 matures I'll be back around with more compiler benchmarks especially
with Clang 14.0 having just debuted (though not yet on Asahi/Arch as of testing)
and GCC 12.1 also coming out in a few weeks as well as looking at the
performance difference across various CFLAGS/CXXFLAGS configurations and more.

10 Comments

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About The Author

Michael Larabel is the principal author of Phoronix.com and founded the site in
2004 with a focus on enriching the Linux hardware experience. Michael has
written more than 20,000 articles covering the state of Linux hardware support,
Linux performance, graphics drivers, and other topics. Michael is also the lead
developer of the Phoronix Test Suite, Phoromatic, and OpenBenchmarking.org
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contacted via MichaelLarabel.com.

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