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Topics * Week's top * Latest news * Unread news * Subscribe SCIENCE X ACCOUNT Remember me Sign In Click here to sign in with or Forget Password? Not a member? Sign up Learn more * Nanotechnology * Physics * Earth * Astronomy & Space * Chemistry * Biology * Other Sciences * Medicine * Technology * * share this! * 2 * 6 * Share * Email 1. Home 2. Biology 3. Plants & Animals 1. Home 2. Biology 3. Biotechnology * * * -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- January 17, 2020 HOW DO SEA STARS MOVE WITHOUT A BRAIN? THE ANSWER COULD IMPACT ROBOTICS AND MORE by Avni Shah, University of Southern California Credit: Pexels, Emre Kuzu. Have you ever seen a sea star move? To many of us, sea star seem motionless, like a rock on the ocean's floor, but in actuality, they have hundreds of tube feet attached to their underbelly. These feet stretch and contract to attach to rough terrain, hold on to prey and, of course, move. Any one tube foot on a sea star can act autonomously in responding to stimuli, but coupled together, they can synchronize their motion to produce a bouncing motion—their version of running. For years, researchers have wondered exactly how a sea star accomplishes this synchronization, given it has no brain and a completely decentralized nervous system. The answer, from researchers at the USC Viterbi School of Engineering, was recently published in the Journal of the Royal Society Interface: sea star couple a global directionality command from a "dominant arm" with individual, localized responses to stimuli to achieve coordinated locomotion. In other words, once the sea star provides an instruction on which way to move, the individual feet figure out how to achieve this on their own, without further communication. The researchers, including Professor Eva Kanso in USC Viterbi's Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering and Sina Heydari, a USC Viterbi Ph.D. candidate, were joined by Matt McHenry, associate professor of ecology and evolutionary biology at the University of California, Irvine; Amy Johnson, professor of marine biology at Bowdoin College; and Olaf Ellers, research associate in biology and mathematics at Bowdoin College. A third model of locomotion. Credit: University of Southern California The work builds on an existing hierarchal model of behavior, but goes further in explaining how much of sea star locomotion happens locally versus globally. "The nervous system does not process everything in the same place at the same time, but relies on the idea that the sea star is competent and will figure it out," said Kanso, a Zohrab A. Kaprielian Fellow in Engineering. "If one tube foot pushes against the ground, the others will feel the force. This mechanical coupling is the only way in which one tube foot shares information with another." The nervous system of a sea star is characterized by a nerve ring that surrounds its mouth and connects to each individual arm through a radial nerve. The muscles of each tube foot are stimulated by neurons connected to the radial and ring nerves. All feet step in the same direction while crawling, but their movement is not synchronized. However, when achieving the bouncing gait, sea star seem to coordinate tens of feet into two or three synchronized groups. The research team, led by Kanso, looked at both modes of motion, and the transition between them. The result is a model that describes how much of a sea star's locomotion is determined by local sensory-motor response at the tube feet level versus global sensory-motor commands. The neural network and its physical distribution in a sea star. Credit: Eva Kanso. In the animal world, behavior is often described by one of two prevailing models of locomotion; behavior such as insect flight is the result of sensory feedback traveling through a central processing system, which sends a message activating a response, or it is the result of completely decentralized, individual responses to sensory information such as in fish schools or ant colonies. Neither of these models seem to describe the motion of a sea star. "In the case of the sea star, the nervous system seems to rely on the physics of the interaction between the body and the environment to control locomotion. All of the tube feet are attached structurally to the sea star and thus, to each other." In this way, there is a mechanism for "information" to be communicated mechanically between tube feet. An individual tube foot would only need to sense its own state (proprioception) and respond accordingly. Because its state is coupled mechanically to other tube feet, they work together collectively. As the tube feet begin to move, each produces an individual force that becomes a part of the sensory environment. In this way, each tube foot is also responding to the forces produced by other tube feet and eventually, they establish a rhythm with each other. Experiment with 32 Metronome synchronizing. They all end up synchronizing. This is similar to other mechanical models of coordination. For example, take a set of mechanical metronomes, devices used to help keep rhythm or time for a musician. You can start a set of 10 at all different phases, resting them on the same flat surface. Over time, they will synchronize. At play is the mechanical coupling effect seen with the sea star; each metronome is mechanically interacting with the phases created by the other metronomes and as such, is effectively "communicating" with the other metronomes until they begin to beat in complete rhythm and synchrony. HOW SEA STAR BEHAVIOR CAN HELP US DESIGN MORE EFFICIENT ROBOTICS SYSTEMS Understanding how a distributed nervous system, like that of a sea star, achieves complex, coordinated motions could lead to advancements in areas such as robotics. In robotics systems, it is relatively straightforward to program a robot to perform repetitive tasks. However, in more complex situations where customization is required, robots face difficulties. How can robots be engineered to apply the same benefits to a more complex problem or environment? The answer might lie in the sea star model, Kanso said. "Using the example of a sea star, we can design controllers so that learning can happen hierarchically. There is a decentralized component for both decision-making and for communicating to a global authority. This could be useful for designing control algorithms for systems with multiple actuators, where we are delegating a lot of the control to the physics of the system—mechanical coupling—versus the input or intervention of a central controller." Next, Kanso and her team will look at how the global directionality command arises in the first place and what happens if there are competing stimuli. More information: Sina Heydari et al. Sea star inspired crawling and bouncing, Journal of The Royal Society Interface (2020). DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0700 Journal information: Journal of the Royal Society Interface Provided by University of Southern California Citation: How do sea stars move without a brain? The answer could impact robotics and more (2020, January 17) retrieved 5 August 2024 from https://phys.org/news/2020-01-sea-stars-brain-impact-robotics.html This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no part may be reproduced without the written permission. 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View details Consent (12 vendors)Legitimate interest (2 vendors)help_outline ENSURE SECURITY, PREVENT AND DETECT FRAUD, AND FIX ERRORS help_outline Your data can be used to monitor for and prevent unusual and possibly fraudulent activity (for example, regarding advertising, ad clicks by bots), and ensure systems and processes work properly and securely. It can also be used to correct any problems you, the publisher or the advertiser may encounter in the delivery of content and ads and in your interaction with them. View details DELIVER AND PRESENT ADVERTISING AND CONTENT help_outline Certain information (like an IP address or device capabilities) is used to ensure the technical compatibility of the content or advertising, and to facilitate the transmission of the content or ad to your device. View details SAVE AND COMMUNICATE PRIVACY CHOICES help_outline The choices you make regarding the purposes and entities listed in this notice are saved and made available to those entities in the form of digital signals (such as a string of characters). This is necessary in order to enable both this service and those entities to respect such choices. View details MATCH AND COMBINE DATA FROM OTHER DATA SOURCES help_outline Information about your activity on this service may be matched and combined with other information relating to you and originating from various sources (for instance your activity on a separate online service, your use of a loyalty card in-store, or your answers to a survey), in support of the purposes explained in this notice. View details LINK DIFFERENT DEVICES help_outline In support of the purposes explained in this notice, your device might be considered as likely linked to other devices that belong to you or your household (for instance because you are logged in to the same service on both your phone and your computer, or because you may use the same Internet connection on both devices). View details IDENTIFY DEVICES BASED ON INFORMATION TRANSMITTED AUTOMATICALLY help_outline Your device might be distinguished from other devices based on information it automatically sends when accessing the Internet (for instance, the IP address of your Internet connection or the type of browser you are using) in support of the purposes exposed in this notice. View details USE PRECISE GEOLOCATION DATA With your acceptance, your precise location (within a radius of less than 500 metres) may be used in support of the purposes explained in this notice. View details Consent You can choose your data preferences. This site or app wants your permission to do the following: Site or app MEASURE CONTENT PERFORMANCE Information regarding which content is presented to you and how you interact with it can be used to determine whether the (non-advertising) content e.g. reached its intended audience and matched your interests. For instance, whether you read an article, watch a video, listen to a podcast or look at a product description, how long you spent on this service and the web pages you visit etc. This is very helpful to understand the relevance of (non-advertising) content that is shown to you. View details Legitimate interesthelp_outline DEVELOP AND IMPROVE SERVICES Information about your activity on this service, such as your interaction with ads or content, can be very helpful to improve products and services and to build new products and services based on user interactions, the type of audience, etc. This specific purpose does not include the development or improvement of user profiles and identifiers. View details Legitimate interesthelp_outline Vendor preferences Accept all Confirm choices arrow_back Vendor preferences CONFIRM OUR VENDORS Vendors can use your data to provide services. Declining a vendor can stop them from using the data you shared. TCF vendors help_outline EXPONENTIAL INTERACTIVE, INC D/B/A VDX.TV Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ROQ.AD GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent INDEX EXCHANGE INC. Cookie duration: 395 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent QUANTCAST Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline BEESWAXIO CORPORATION Cookie duration: 395 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SOVRN, INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ADIKTEEV Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline RTB HOUSE S.A. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent THE UK TRADE DESK LTD Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline NEXXEN INC. Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline EPSILON Cookie duration: 184 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent YAHOO EMEA LIMITED Cookie duration: 397 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ADVENTORI SAS Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent TRIPLE LIFT, INC. Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline XANDR, INC. Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline NEORY GMBH Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent NEXXEN GROUP LLC Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline NEURAL.ONE Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ADITION (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH) Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ACTIVE AGENT (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH) Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent TABOOLA EUROPE LIMITED Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent EQUATIV Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ADFORM A/S Cookie duration: 3650 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline MAGNITE, INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline RATEGAIN ADARA INC Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SIFT MEDIA, INC Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent RAKUTEN MARKETING LLC Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline LUMEN RESEARCH LIMITED Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline AMAZON AD SERVER Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline OPENX Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent YIELDLAB (VIRTUAL MINDS GMBH) Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ROKU ADVERTISING SERVICES Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline NANO INTERACTIVE GROUP LTD. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data more View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SIMPLIFI HOLDINGS LLC Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent PUBMATIC, INC Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline COMSCORE B.V. Cookie duration: 720 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent FLASHTALKING Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent PULSEPOINT, INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SMAATO, INC. Cookie duration: 21 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline SEMASIO GMBH Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent CRIMTAN HOLDINGS LIMITED Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline GENIUS SPORTS UK LIMITED Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent CRITEO SA Cookie duration: 390 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ADLOOX SA Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline BLIS GLOBAL LIMITED Cookie duration: 400 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent LOTAME SOLUTIONS, INC Cookie duration: 274 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent LIVERAMP Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent GROUPM UK LIMITED Cookie duration: 395 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline LOOPME LIMITED Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent DYNATA LLC Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ASK LOCALA Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent AZIRA Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline DOUBLEVERIFY INC. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline BIDSWITCH GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent IPONWEB GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent NEXTROLL, INC. Cookie duration: 183 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent TEADS FRANCE SAS Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline STRÖER SSP GMBH (SSP) Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline OS DATA SOLUTIONS GMBH & CO. KG Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline PERMODO GMBH Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent PLATFORM161 B.V. Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent BASIS GLOBAL TECHNOLOGIES, INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline SMADEX, S.L.U. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent BOMBORA INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline EASYMEDIA GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent REMERGE GMBH Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ADVANCED STORE GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline MAGNITE CTV, INC. Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline DELTA PROJECTS AB Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline USEMAX ADVERTISEMENT (EMEGO GMBH) Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Users’ profiles, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent EMETRIQ GMBH Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent PUBLICIS MEDIA GMBH Cookie duration: 1825 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent M.D. PRIMIS TECHNOLOGIES LTD. Cookie duration: 25 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ONETAG LIMITED Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent CLOUD TECHNOLOGIES S.A. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SMARTOLOGY LIMITED Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline IMPROVE DIGITAL Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ADOBE ADVERTISING CLOUD Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device identifiers, Privacy choices, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline BANNERFLOW AB Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline TABMO SAS Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent INTEGRAL AD SCIENCE (INCORPORATING ADMANTX) Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline WIZALY Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent WEBORAMA Cookie duration: 393 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline JIVOX CORPORATION Cookie duration: 30 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent VISTAR MEDIA EMEA BV Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Non-precise location data more View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ON DEVICE RESEARCH LIMITED Cookie duration: 30 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ROCKABOX MEDIA LTD Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline EXACTAG GMBH Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent CELTRA INC. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent MAINADV SRL Cookie duration: 30 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent GEMIUS SA Cookie duration: 1825 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent THE KANTAR GROUP LIMITED Cookie duration: 914 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent NIELSEN MEDIA RESEARCH LTD. Cookie duration: 120 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline SOLOCAL SA Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline PIXALATE, INC. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ORACLE ADVERTISING Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent NUMBERLY Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent AUDIENCEPROJECT A/S Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline DEMANDBASE, INC. Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent EFFILIATION / EFFINITY Cookie duration: 30 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ARRIVALIST CO. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Non-precise location data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent SEENTHIS AB Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch COMMANDERS ACT Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent TRAVEL AUDIENCE GMBH Cookie duration: 397 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent HUMAN Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline ADLUDIO LTD. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers more View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent BLENDEE SRL Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent INNOVID LLC Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline PAPIRFLY AS Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline NEUSTAR, INC., A TRANSUNION COMPANY Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline VERVE GROUP EUROPE GMBH Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent OTTO (GMBH & CO KG) Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ADOBE AUDIENCE MANAGER, ADOBE EXPERIENCE PLATFORM Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent LOCALSENSOR B.V. Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ONLINE SOLUTION Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent RELAY42 NETHERLANDS B.V. Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent GP ONE GMBH Cookie duration: Uses session cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline THE MEDIAGRID INC. Cookie duration: 365 (days). Data collected and processed: Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent MINDTAKE RESEARCH GMBH Cookie duration: 180 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent CINT AB Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent GOOGLE ADVERTISING PRODUCTS Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline GFK GMBH Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent REVJET Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent PROTECTED MEDIA LTD Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline CLINCH LABS LTD Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ORACLE DATA CLOUD - MOAT Doesn't use cookies. Data collected and processed: Non-precise location data, IP addresses more View details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline HEARTS AND SCIENCE MÜNCHEN GMBH Cookie duration: 60 (days). Data collected and processed: IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent AMAZON ADVERTISING Cookie duration: 396 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Users’ profiles, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent MOLOCO, INC. Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch ConsentLegitimate interesthelp_outline ADTRIBA GMBH Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent OBJECTIVE PARTNERS BV Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device identifiers more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent ENSIGHTEN Cookie duration: 1825 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, Privacy choices, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Legitimate interesthelp_outline EBAY INC Cookie duration: 90 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Privacy choices, IP addresses more View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent METRIXLAB NEDERLAND B.V. Cookie duration: 730 (days). Data collected and processed: Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Browsing and interaction data, User-provided data, IP addresses more Uses other forms of storage. View details | Privacy policylaunch Consent HURRA COMMUNICATIONS GMBH Cookie duration: 366 (days). Data collected and processed: Authentication-derived identifiers, Precise location data, Device characteristics, Device identifiers, Non-precise location data, Browsing and interaction data, Probabilistic identifiers, IP addresses more Cookie duration resets each session. View details | Storage details | Privacy policylaunch Consent Ad partners help_outline AKAMAI Privacy policylaunch Consent META Privacy policylaunch Consent AUNICA Privacy policylaunch Consent BOOKING.COM Privacy policylaunch Consent C3 METRICS Privacy policylaunch Consent IBM Privacy policylaunch Consent EVIDON Privacy policylaunch Consent ADACADO Privacy policylaunch Consent INTELLIAD Privacy policylaunch Consent DSTILLERY Privacy policylaunch Consent MEDIAMATH Privacy policylaunch Consent ZMS Privacy policylaunch Consent OMNICOM MEDIA GROUP Privacy policylaunch Consent RESONATE Privacy policylaunch Consent SOJERN Privacy policylaunch Consent TRADEDOUBLER AB Privacy policylaunch Consent TRUSTARC Privacy policylaunch Consent TRUEFFECT Privacy policylaunch Consent TRAVEL DATA COLLECTIVE Privacy policylaunch Consent ADVOLUTION.CONTROL Privacy policylaunch Consent LIFESTREET Privacy policylaunch Consent ADMAXIM Privacy policylaunch Consent BATCH MEDIA Privacy policylaunch Consent VODAFONE GMBH Privacy policylaunch Consent MAGNITE Privacy policylaunch Consent SCENESTEALER Privacy policylaunch Consent NETQUEST Privacy policylaunch Consent MANAGE.COM Privacy policylaunch Consent CLOUDFLARE Privacy policylaunch Consent SALESFORCE DMP Privacy policylaunch Consent NETFLIX Privacy policylaunch Consent EBUILDERS Privacy policylaunch Consent APPLOVIN CORP. 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KG Privacy policylaunch Consent MARKETING SCIENCE CONSULTING GROUP, INC. Privacy policylaunch Consent DENTSU Privacy policylaunch Consent KOBLER Privacy policylaunch Consent WIDESPACE Privacy policylaunch Consent VIMEO Privacy policylaunch Consent Accept all Confirm choices Close