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THE 8TH VOYAGER

Information, knowledge, tips and tricks sharing that might be beneficial or
useful to you.


SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 12, 2023


A COMPREHENSIVE COMPARISON BETWEEN LEXAR 1TB NM710 AND NM790 M.2 2280 PCIE GEN
4X4 NVME SSD



Over the past 2 years, Lexar has emerged as a brand known to produce good
performance and yet very cost-effective solid-state drives (SSD).

Lexar started as a manufacturer producing SD cards, CompactFlash cards and thumb
drives, spun off from Cirrus Logic in the mid-1990s.

Later, it was acquired by Micron in the mid-2000s. In mid-2010s, it was again
acquired by China Shenzhen based company Longsys until now.

Today, Lexar partners closely with another China company Yangtze Memory
Technology (YMTC), producing advanced SSD comparible to Samsung 990 Pro series,
and selling at price cheaper than the Samsung SSD.

The NM710 and NM790 are the 2 most popular models among the various models of
Lexar M.2 2280 PCIe Gen 4x4 NVMe SSD with 1TB storage capacity available in the
Malaysian market.


Both of them look pretty identical, but there is a price difference of slightly
above 17% between them.


So, what are the differences that caused their price gap? I have come out with a
comprehensive comparison table as follows:




From the table above, we know that both of them are using the same MAP1602A
controller chip from MaxioTech.


The main different between them is the NAND flash chip used. Lexar NM710 is
using the older TLC 128 layer NAND, while NM790 is using the newer TLC 232 layer
NAND.


By making use of the later and more advanced NAND chip, Lexar NM790 has a faster
data read/write speed, and also a higher TBW in endurance.


Anyhow, both of them are having the same MTBF of 1.5 million hours and a
manufacturer warranty period of 5 years.


It is also worthwhile to note that both of them do not have built-in DRAM chip
as data buffer. They are using an alternative technology called Hosted Memory
Buffer (HMB) instead, which is making use of a small portion of the computer's
RAM as data I/O buffer.


As NAND I/O speed is slower than DRAM, DRAM is used in SSD as data writing
buffer, so that in the event there are a lot of data writing in at high speed
until the NAND chips unable to catch up, incoming data can store temporary in
the DRAM buffer for the NAND chips to pick up. 


In the situation where there is no DRAM designed for the SSD, or when the DRAM
buffer is also full, data writing speed will be forced to slow down for the SSD
to catch up the data write-in.


By using the RAM of the computer as buffer in HMB, the buffered data would need
to travel a longer distance following the PCIe data path in the motherboard to
the RAM chip, and later back to the SSD for writing to the NAND chip. 


Theoretically, this approach is slower than having a direct DRAM in the SSD
itself. The latency is dependent on the motherboard and RAM type used. It
shouldn't be a problem for the latest Z790 motherboard with fast PCIe channels,
working together with high-speed DDR5 RAM in more than 5000 Mhz.


The key advantage of using HMB is to reduce the cost of having a built-in DRAM
chip, which is one of the factors Lexar SSD can be so price competitive. Without
the DRAM chip in action, the SSD also able to consume less power and dissipate
less heat.


Both of them do not have Power Loss Protection (PLP) mechanism too. A sudden
power loss might cause bad sector(s) and premature damage to the NAND chip in
the SSD.


This should not be a concern if this SSD is used in a laptop, as the laptop has
a battery as power backup. If you were to use this SSD in a desktop or
PlayStation 5, you might want to consider using an Uninterrupted Power Supply
(UPS) to protect the computer and its SSD from sudden power failure.


Both of them also do not have hardware-based data encryption feature to protect
the data stored in the SSD from unauthorized access. The data I/O speed will be
reduced if you turn on this kind of data encryption feature, as data needs to be
encrypted before writing in, and also needs to be decrypted during reading out.
Without data encryption, the data read/write speed is comparatively faster.


Anyhow, if you really need the data in the SSD to be encrypted, there are
software-based solution, such as the Bitlocker available in Windows 11 Pro, or
certain 3rd party software, generally being part of today's antivirus solution.
Note that software-based data encryption is usually even slower than
hardware-based encryption.


Both of them do not have fancy RGB lighting as well. As the SSD is probably
either covered by its own heatsink or the heatsink of the motherboard, it makes
less sense for SSD to have RGB lighting.


In short, the key difference between Lexar NM710 and NM790 is the NAND chip
used, which is the reason for the differences in their read/write speed,
endurance, and eventually their price difference.


If you don't mind spending a little bit more, NM790 is the one to go with. If
you are on budget, NM710 is also a good choice for you among all the SSDs
available in the market nowadays.


One more thing to remember, among the SSD types in the market, PCIe NVMe type is
faster than SATA type, and SATA type SSD is of course much faster than HDD.


The latest version of PCIe is 5, you will need to latest CPU working with Z790
chipset motherboard in order to slot in a PCIe 5 SSD and get the best out of it.
Being everything on the latest up-to-date technology, the cost of each of those
components is much higher.


The Lexar NM710 and NM790 are both based on PCIe version 4. They are supported
by more variety of motherboards and chipsets, and are priced cheaper too.








Share |
Posted by Voyager8 at 1:17 AM 1 comments
Labels: IT talks



FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 1, 2023


CONVERSION TABLES FOR COMMONLY USED PROPERTY AREA MEASUREMENT UNITS AROUND THE
WORLD



Different regions of the world could be using different measurement units to
express how big/small is a property or land area.

When you book a 12 tsubos hotel suite, are you able to imagine how roughly big
is it?

When you rent a 6 tatamis unit for short stay, do you have any idea how big is
the unit?

When you buy a 1,200 square feet apartment unit, do you know how many square
meters is that?

Their conversions are as follows:



 * 1 tsubo = 2 tatamis
 * 1 tsubo = 35.58 square feet
 * 1 tsubo = 3.31 square meter

 * 1 square feet = 0.0281 tsubo
 * 1 square feet = 0.0929 square meter

 * 1 square meter = 0.3025 tsubo
 * 1 square meter = 10.7639 square feet

and for larger piece of land area, we commonly used either hectar or acre, as
follows:
 * 1 hectar = 2.4711 acres
 * 1 acre = 0.4047 hectar

Here are some conversion tables among them, for your easy reference...





















Share |
Posted by Voyager8 at 12:08 AM 0 comments
Labels: investment, misc talks



MONDAY, JULY 24, 2023


MY CYBERPOWER CL1000EVR AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR (AVR)



A few months back, when I upgraded my CyberPower UT800EG UPS with APC
BV1000I-MSX 1kVA/600W Easy UPS for power protection to my desktop PC and network
equipment, I've relocated the old CyberPower UT800EG UPS to my living room to
provide power protection for my TV, IPTV box and cordless phone.

Later, I decided to retire the old UPS and to protect my TV, IPTV box and
cordless phone with a more proper Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR).

Advantages of replacing the old CyberPower UT800EG UPS with a CyberPower
CL1000EVR AVR:



 * At the cost of below RM100, the CyberPower CL1000EVR AVR is cheaper than the
   UPS.
 * Generally, AVR has a very long lifespan of easily more than 10 years, while
   UPS has a much shorter lifespan.
 * The battery in the UPS can only last around 2 years. After that, it would
   need to be replaced for the UPS to continue function as designed. Faulty
   battery could also be a potential cause of fire hazard.







As printed on its packaging box, this CyberPower CL1000EVR AVR is able to
perform:
 * Output voltage regulation with surge protection and AVR function (prevent
   overvoltage as well as undervoltage)
 * Overload protection with circuit breaker








It is pretty small in size, about the same as a household UPS. This is how it
looks like:







At its back, it has a power switch and 4 universal power outlet sockets.





The seller has attached a flyer of CyberPower range of products in UPS, AVR and
surge protector, which I find is pretty useful in providing comparison
information among them.




Surge protector power extension could be an even cheaper option, but bear in
mind that:



 * Surge protector can only protect overvoltage spikes but not undervoltage.
 * Surge protector cannot regulate the voltage waves.
 * Surge protector normally makes use of varistor to capture the spikes. The
   varistor itself has a limited lifespan, and it sacrifices itself to capture
   the spikes. For each spike it captures, its lifespan will reduce
   tremendously.

If you want to have the maximum power protection for your expensive electrical
equipment, you can make use of a combination of surge protector, AVR and UPS by
connecting the AVR to surge protector, and connecting UPS to AVR, then
connecting your devices to the UPS.











Share |
Posted by Voyager8 at 12:21 AM 0 comments
Labels: gadget, home idea, IT talks

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