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Written by José Lopes
on October 27, 2021


BITS #5: SET STATIC IP ADDRESS IN ARCH LINUX



In this post, I am going to explain how to set a static IP address in Arch
Linux. For the first time, I created a machine with Arch Linux without DHCP
support, and although it is not a very difficult process, I took some notes and
decided to publish them for further reference.

To install Arch Linux on this environment, it is needed to configure the network
twice: one for the installation environment and another for the installed
operating system.


INSTALLATION ENVIRONMENT

Since the installation environment is volatile, there is no need to create any
files, so the steps only include running commands. First, you must find the
network interface that will be configured and make sure it is up. The next two
commands do it.

ip address show
ip link set ens32 up  # assuming ens32 as the interface


Now, the IP address must be associated to that interface along with the network
mask and broadcast address. Arch Linux makes use of iproute2 package to manage
that and the next command does the job. Note that the broadcast + parameter
automatically calculates the broadcast address using the CIDR information right
before it.

ip address add 10.0.1.2/24 broadcast + dev ens32


> Note: to remove an address from an interface, the command is similar: ip
> address del 10.0.1.2/24 dev ens32.

A default gateway must be informed to grant the connectivity. The first of the
next two commands lists the current routes and the second adds a default route
0.0.0.0/0 through gateway 10.0.1.1 associated to the same network interface.

ip route show
ip route add 0.0.0.0/0 via 10.0.1.1 dev ens32


> Note: to remove a route the command is almost the same, except for the
> parameter del that replaces the parameter add.

The last step is to adjust the DNS settings, but this live CD comes with the
systemd-resolved (127.0.0.53) service configured, so there is nothing to do. To
get the status of this service, run the following command.

resolvectl status



PERMANENT INSTALLATION

During the installation process, when the time comes to configure the network
settings, create the file /etc/systemd/network/20-wired.network (assuming it is
a wired or virtual interface) and fill it with the following content (change it
according to your settings):

[Match]
Name=ens32

[Network]
Address=10.0.1.2/24
Gateway=10.0.1.1
DNS=1.1.1.1
DNS=1.0.0.1


Enable the systemd-networkd to make the network setting permanent and the
systemd-resolved service to grant the name resolution:

systemctl enable systemd-networkd.service
systemctl enable systemd-resolved.service


Finish the Arch's installation process and after booting up the system, it
should be connected to the internet.


REFERENCES

 * Arch Linux: Network Configuration
 * Arch Linux: systemd-resolved

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