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WATER ROCKET







SUNDAY, JANUARY 24, 2010


LATEST SATELITE TECHNOLOGY| MISSILES



Pakistan has decided to manufacture the latest satellite version and launchers
indigenously. Until now, Suparco was manufacturing weather forecast satellites.

Scientists and engineers of the commission are determined to achieve on schedule
the mission of manufacturing and launching communication and surveillance
satellites.

The former Chairman of Suparco, Dr. Salim Mehmud, appreciated the directives of
the president regarding manufacturing and launching of a multipurpose satellite.
He recalled that Suparco provided the foundation for the country’s missile
program.

NASA launched a Nike-Cajun (renamed: Rehbar-1) rocket from Pakistan’s territory.
To this date, Suparco claims to have launched over 200 sounding rockets for
scientific purposes. The co-operation with NASA led to the training of several
Pakistani Scientists abroad. Soon afterwards, Pakistan set in motion its own
sounding rocket program.

During the 1980’s Pakistan established high-altitude rocket production and
propulsion factory.Pakistan also built rocket testing, high-speed tracking radar
and telemetry related facilities. Today, most rockets acquired or manufactured
by Suparco are launched from Sonmiani test range. It is possible that any future
satellite launch vehicle might also be launched from this spot.

The head director of Suparco announced, in 1981, that Pakistan will launch an
indigenous satellite launch vehicle within a decade. In January 1989, Suparco
successfully launched a multistage space launch vehicle to an altitude of
480~600 km. The rocket carried a 150 kilogram payload into deep space.

Soon afterwards, however, Suparco faced many disasters. The challenger space
shuttle tragedy forced the delay of Pakistan’s first satellite (Badar-A) launch.
Furthermore, Suparco faced strict sanctions on the import of several materials
required to launch and manufacture rockets during the early 90’s. The delay of
the Russian launch vehicle also resulted in a long delay for the launch of
Pakistan’s second satellite (Badar-B). These tragedies had an immense impact on
Suparco’s plan to launch and place its own satellite in orbit.

Pakistan has been involved in the development of military related missiles since
the late 1980’s. On April 6, 1998 Pakistan successfully tested a medium range
ballistic missile known as Ghauri. Ghauri Missile can carry a payload of 700 kg
to an optimum range of 1500 kilometers. Furthermore, Ghauri Missile reportedly
reached an altitude of 350 km before directing itself to the designated target.
Pakistan has also manufactured and tested other Intermediate Range Ballistic
Missiles (Range: 2,500-5,499 km). Pakistan’s indigenous ballistic missile
program is a clear example of its expertise in this field.

Interestingly, many U.S based intelligence agencies have reported ties between
Suparco and Kahuta Research Laboratories (the key producer of Pakistan’s
ballistic missiles). According to U.S sources, it is also possible that a joint
satellite launch vehicle and ballistic missile development program was agreed
between North Korea, Pakistan and Iran in 1993. It is anticipated that
Pakistan’s Satellite Launch Vehicles will utilize the advance ballistic missile
technology developed by Kahuta Research Laboratories (with possible involvement
with Suparco and/or North Korea). Indian SLV-3/ASLV used Agni ballistic missile
as the first stage and as boosters. As with India, China, and North Korea;
Pakistan might use Ghauri/Saheen/Abdali/Ghaznavi type ballistic missiles as its
stages (possibly first and second).

During the IDEAS 2002 defense exhibition Pakdef spotted two similar models of
Pakistani Satellite Launch Vehicles. The first model points out a possible three
stage SLV. Judging from other similar SLV’s, it is estimated that it can place a
payload weighing less than 80 kilogram to an orbit 450 kilometers above Earth’s
surface. However the exact data remains unknown. The second model of the SLV
seems similar to the first model however, with four extra boosters. Many nations
with SLV technology developed boosters based on their missile technology.
Therefore it is fair to assume that the boosters on the second model might also
be based on one of Pakistan’s ballistic missiles.

Suparco has already tested two high altitude sounding rockets; Shahpar and
Rakhnum. Shahpar is a 7 meter solid fuel two stage rocket that can carry a
payload of 55 kilograms to an altitude of 450 kilometers. And Rakhnum can lift a
payload of 38 kilograms to an altitude of 100 kilometers.

As pointed out before, several U.S intelligence reports indicate possible
involvement between North Korea, Pakistan and Iran. This is plausible since both
Pakistan and Iran has expressed desire to launch satellites on their own.
Furthermore, both nations have been suspected for involvement with North Korea’s
ballistic missile technology. Keeping this in mind, it might not be surprising
that both Iranian and Pakistani personnel were present at the August 1998 launch
of Taep’o-dong 1 North Korean SLV.

Both Iran and Pakistan are racing towards space. On January 2004 Iranian
authorities reported that their indigenous SLV will soon place a satellite in
orbit. While Pakistan, on the other hand, plans to launch an SLV within the next
five years. The exact nature of Pakistan’s SLV program remains unknown. However,
judging from Pakistan’s ballistic missile technology, it can be said that
Pakistan Government and Suparco might just be waiting for the right moment to
test Pakistan’s first satellite launch vehicle.


Posted by Sabexel at 4:03 PM
Labels: shaheem pakistani missile


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