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TAKING ACTION AGAINST MALICIOUS ACCOUNTS IN IRAN

August 23, 2024August 23, 2024




TAKEAWAYS

 * After investigating user reports, our security teams blocked a small cluster
   of WhatsApp accounts posing as support agents for tech companies.
 * Our investigation linked this activity to APT42, an Iranian threat actor
   known for its persistent phishing campaigns across the internet targeting
   political and diplomatic officials, and other public figures (including some
   associated with the administrations of President Biden and former President
   Trump).
 * We have not seen evidence of the targeted WhatsApp accounts being
   compromised, but out of an abundance of caution, we’re sharing our findings
   publicly, in addition to sharing information with law enforcement and our
   industry peers.

As part of our regular updates on notable threat disruption efforts, we’re
sharing our most recent insights into a small cluster of likely social
engineering activity on WhatsApp that our security teams blocked after
investigating user reports. This malicious activity originated in Iran and
attempted to target individuals in Israel, Palestine, Iran, the United States
and the UK. This effort appeared to have focused on political and diplomatic
officials, and other public figures, including some associated with
administrations of President Biden and former President Trump.

Our investigation linked it to APT42 (also known as UNC788 and Mint Sandstorm),
an Iranian threat actor known for its persistent adversarial campaigns using
basic phishing tactics across the internet to steal credentials to people’s
online accounts. We have previously shared our threat research related to APT42
targeting people in the Middle East, including Saudi military, dissidents and
human rights activists from Israel and Iran, politicians in the US, and
Iran-focused academics, activists and journalists around the world.

These accounts posed as technical support for AOL, Google, Yahoo and Microsoft.
Some of the people targeted by APT42 reported these suspicious messages to
WhatsApp using our in-app reporting tools. Those reported messages enabled us to
investigate this latest campaign and link it to the same hacking group
responsible for similar attempts aimed at political, military, diplomatic and
other officials, as reported by our industry peers at Microsoft and Google.

The vigilance of these users to report the messages to us suggests that these
efforts were unsuccessful. We have not seen evidence that their accounts were
compromised. We have encouraged those who reported to us to take steps to ensure
their online accounts are safe across the internet. Out of an abundance of
caution and given the heightened threat environment ahead of the US election, we
also shared information about this malicious activity with law enforcement and
with the presidential campaigns to encourage them to stay cautious against
potential adversarial targeting.

We continue to monitor information coming from our industry peers, our own
investigations and user reports and will take action if we detect further
attempts by malicious actors to target people on our apps. We strongly encourage
public figures, journalists, political candidates and campaigns to remain
vigilant, take advantage of privacy and security settings, avoid engaging with
messages from people they don’t know and report suspicious activity to us. 

As a reminder, cyber espionage actors typically target people across the
internet to collect intelligence, manipulate them into revealing information and
compromise their devices and accounts. When we disrupt these operations, we take
down their accounts, block their domains from being shared on our platform and
notify people who we believe were targeted by these malicious groups. Learn 
more about our threat disruption efforts.

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