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 * Install Certificate Services on Windows Server 2022
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 * * December 17, 2022December 17, 2022
   * by Jay
 * Security


INSTALL CERTIFICATE SERVICES ON WINDOWS SERVER 2022

A Certificate Authority is an entity that stores, signs and issues digital
certificates. A digital certificate certifies the ownership of a public key by
the named subject of the certificate. This allows others to rely upon signatures
made about the private key that corresponds to the certified public key.

Microsoft’s Certification Authority is based on Public Key Infrastructure. The
Active Directory Certificate Services role can be deployed on most Windows
Server operating systems and provides the ability to act as an Enterprise or
Standalone Root CA.

Using a Windows Root CA server is very useful for many applications, for example
– if deploying 802.1x with certificate-based authentication or EAP-TLS for
Wireless 802.1x, a Windows Server provides the ability to enrol and
automatically distribute certificates to endpoints with ease through Microsoft
Group Policy.

A CA Server can also be used to sign certificates for Servers, Network and
Security Devices within an internal organisation. Certificate based
authentication is considered one of the most secure methods as its uses public
key and private key to encrypt and decrypt data.

In this basic step-by-step guide, we will install the Active Directory
Certificate Services role and configure it.

A fresh new virtual instance of Windows Server 2022 has been installed, this
server has been renamed, basic networking has been configured and it has been
joined to the Active Directory Domain.

Let’s get started!

INSTALL THE CERTIFICATION AUTHORITY SERVER ROLE

1. Login to Windows Server 2022 and launch “Server Manager”



2. Click the “Manage” button select “Add roles and features”



3. At the Wizard click “Next”



4. Select “Role-Based or Feature-based installation” and click “Next”



5. Click “Select a server from a server pool” and highlight the current server,
click “Next”



6. Tick the “Active Directory Certificate Services” box, a new Window will pop
up click “Add Features”





7. Click “Next”



8. At the features window, click “Next” we are not installing any additional
features



9. Read of the role description and, note the tasks that cannot be performed
once the CA role is installed. click “Next”



10. From the role services list select “Certification Authority” and
“Certification authority Web Enrollment”



Click “Add Features” at the popup for IIS installation



11. Click “Next”



12. Click “Next”



13. Click “Next”



14. Select the “Restart the destination server automatically if required” tick
box. This will allow the server to restart automatically if a reboot is required
at the end of the install. Finally click “Install”



15. Once the role is installed, click “Close”



CONFIGURE THE ROLE

1. From Server Manager click on the yellow warning message, select “Configure
Active Directory Certificate Services on this Server”



2. At the configuration wizard click “change”



3. Provide the Domain Admin user account credentials and click “OK”



4. Note the change in the “Credentials” window, click “Next”



5. Tick both role services and click “Next”



6. Select “Enterprise CA” and click “Next”



7. Select “Root CA” and click “Next”



8. Select “Create a new private key” and click “Next”



9. Leave the default values for the private key information and click “Next”



10. Specify the common name for the CA or leave as default. Click “Next”



11. Specify the CA Certificate default validity period, this is set to 5 years
by default, this can be changed if required, Click “Next”



12. leave the default location of storing the database files and click “Next”



13. Review the configuration and click “Configure”



14. Once configuration has successfully completed, click “Close”



CONFIGURE IIS

By default, IIS does not have HTTPS enabled for the web enrollment service, we
need to allow HTTPS connections and define a certificate for the service to use.
HTTP connections will work, however in the event the CA server is being accessed
from another source to request a certificate, the credentials will be sent over
in clear text. It’s important we modify this to use SSL.

1. Click “Start” and type “IIS Manager”



2. Expand “Server Name” – “Sites”, right click “Default Web Site” and select
“Edit Bindings”



3. Click “Add”



4. Select “https” then from the “SSL Certificate” drop down menu, Select the
Server certificate that should have been generated automatically by the CA, in
this case it’s the “LNS-LNS-CA-01-CA”.

If for any reason this certificate is not yet present, one can be generated by
selecting “Create a Self-Signed” Certificate” from the right-hand pane within
IIS.

Click “View” to check the contents of the certificate, then click “OK, and “OK”
to save the changes and return to the IIS window.





5. From the right-hand pane within IIS, select “Browse*:443 (https)”



6. The browser will launch with “https://localhost/certsrv” in the address
field. Click “Continue”



From the web interface, we can start requesting certificates from the CA for our
organisation. To access this portal from other devices, you can navigate to
“https://IP Address or DNS name/certsrv”



Tags: CA, Certificate, Certificate Authority, Encryption, PKI, SSL
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