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TCAT SHELBYVILLE – ITIM
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WMIC – A LITTLE KNOWN COMMAND IN WINDOWS
Posted on Tuesday, May 18, 2021 6:10 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
So what if you needed to find out information about your computer that is
otherwise available in third party programs or all over Windows? You can use
WMIC to find out a lot of information about your computer. I’ve been using
some of these for years but only remembered to blog about it after I saw a post
at What’s On My PC (Thanks Rick!) back in 2011.
Here’s a quick list from Microsoft (Use WMIC the alias command)
Examples:
Here’s how to get your hard drive information –
Go to a command prompt and type:
wmic diskdrive get name,size,model
So how many partitions does it have?
wmic partition get name, size, type
This shows one hard drive and three partitions. (above)
How about BIOS information?
wmic bios get name,serialnumber,version
What service packs, patches and hotfixes were installed and on what date?
wmic qfe get description,installedOn /format:csv
Want to know more information about WMI? Click here to see how WMI is used at
over at Microsoft
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Posted in Microsoft, Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows 10, Technology |
Tagged windows commands, WMIC | 1 Comment
IS YOUR SSD OR HDD DIRTY?
Posted on Wednesday, May 5, 2021 12:33 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
You can of course use the Windows GUI to check your SSD or HDD. But did you
know that you should check your drives by typing the following (you can copy and
paste in a elevated command prompt and change switches as necessary)-
fsutil dirty query c:
fsutil dirty query c:
chkntfs c:
fsutil repair query c:
fsutil behavior set BugcheckOnCorrupt 1
fsutil repair set c: 0x01
pause
What does it look like when it is ran at an elevated command prompt?
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Posted in computer troubleshooting, Computers, Microsoft Windows 10, Technology,
troubleshooting, Windows, Windows 10, Windows 10 Intel Drivers, windows 10
privacy, Windows 10 Quick Tips, Windows Server | Tagged HDD, Performance, SSD,
Windows | Leave a comment
INTERNET OR NETWORK APPLICATION SLOW? YOU MAY NEED TO TEMPORARILY DISABLE
NAGLE’S ALGORITHM
Posted on Wednesday, April 7, 2021 7:30 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
With the Nagle-Algorithm, Windows takes small packets and packages them in to
more manageable and efficient sizes. If you have poor latency, you might try
to disable the Nagle-Algorithm. Nagle’s algorithm helps to control congestion
when small packets are sent continuously by TCP. When enabled, this helps to
prevent a flood of these packets.
More information – http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagle’s_algorithm
How to disable Nagle’s algorithm-
Open regedit.exe. Navigate to
HKey_Local_Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
Find the interface that has your current IP address (see example below)
Add the following values and make sure they are set to 1.
TcpAckFrequency and TCPNoDelay
This is only a temporary fix for the reduction of some applications on the
internet. Once your project or need is fulfilled, you should re-enable the
algorithm by deleting the keys and rebooting or changing the values.
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CLI VS GUI – BASIC CLI COMMANDS
Posted on Tuesday, March 30, 2021 12:14 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
The CLI or Command Line Interface, is a text-based interface used to program
devices such as switches and other network equipment. So it’s 2019. Why are we
still using a CLI?
The reason? It allows a granular ability to program devices for hundreds of
configurations. You see, a GUI is going to be limited (even though some have
hundreds of options) and CLI uses less resources and truly can give you more
control of the configuration.
Thus you can generally program a CLI faster than a GUI interface once you become
skilled using the CLI. With a CLI, you aren’t waiting between commands and
with a GUI interface, you are.
Below is a series of screenshots and several commands on the Dell N1548 switch
(For more information on how technical it can be, see the 2410 page Dell PDF) .
In this tutorial, we’ll show a novice how they can take a switch with no IP
address and program the switch so that it can be accessed by a GUI interface
with a static IP address.
While there are a million more options using a CLI, this is only an introduction
to the CLI and does not imply this is the only way to program switches by any
means. CLI commands can vary on manufacturers.
In order to use the CLI, you can use Putty or other software on your computer.
You’ll also need the console cable that came with the device or a standard
console cable.
With the switch off, connect the console cable to your computer and plug the
opposite end into the console port of the switch.
Open Putty and select the serial connection or SSH (this will depend on your
device). Generally a speed of 9600 will be ok if connecting via a serial cable.
Power the switch on and click Open on Putty. You should see the boot sequence
for the device. If your screen is garbled, trying increasing the baud rate.
As the device loads, you will see information about the device scroll by on your
console screen.
Once the device boots, you will (in this case) see console>
Next, type enable. This enables commands and the programming of the switch.
Once you hit enter, you will see console#
Next type configure in order to begin the configuration of the switch and hit
Enter. You can normally type help or ? in order to get the command syntax as
you enter different areas of the CLI.
Next type username {username you want} password {The password you want} and
privilege 15
Note: The password and username used in this example are just that – examples.
Privilege levels are determined by the switch or device manufacturer.
Next type ip default-gateway {Enter your gateway address}
Next type interface vlan 1
You will now see console {config-if-vlan1} – you can now type the IP address and
subnet that you want by entering ip address {your ip address} {your subnet}
Next, type exit
To check your configuration, type show ip interface vlan 1
You should now be able to login to your switch using a browser by typing in the
IP address in the address bar – This of course is after setting a static number
on your NIC if your computer is not on your lan and has not received a DHCP
number.
Log into the switch and you can hit the save button to make sure your
configuration is saved.
Again, this is a tutorial for beginners. While you should disable protocols
such as http, telnet and limit users on the switch, you have to remember there
are hundreds of CLI commands and GUI configurations.
Always update your firmware and disable protocols that are not secure.
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Posted in Education, Hardware, Information Technology, network, Networking,
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CHANGE NETWORK ADAPTER PRIORITIES IN WINDOWS 10 – POWERSHELL
Posted on Wednesday, March 24, 2021 6:41 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
irst thing –
* disable network adapters you don’t use
* If you use Ethernet, disable everything but flow control and RSS
* Disable LLMNR
* Adjust NTLM
* Perform test with Totusoft’s network speed test
Next, avoid latency of your network card by adjusting the network adapter
priorities.
Open PowerShell as an Administrator – Type Get-NetIPInterface
You will see the Interfacemetric numbers that vary from 11 to 90.
If you want a higher priority, set the interface to a lower number – I use wi-fi
– therefore I can type the command –
Set-NetIPInterface -InterfaceIndex “11” -InterfaceMetric “11”
Our old article on using the GUI
If you use more than one network card for mutliple LANS or connections, you can
set the metric of each card to send IP packets through the fastest card first or
the desired card.
For instance if you have a network card that connects to other servers and
computers on one LAN and a network card that connects to a separate LAN that has
security cameras; metrics can be used to compute the routing algorithm.
The one card would be set to a lower metric in order to go to the web and the
security camera system would be set to a higher metric thus giving priority to
the lower number.
Here’s an example of my home LAN which uses a printer and cameras on a separate
network and my wireless which connects to the Internet.
So how do you change it? Open the Network and Sharing Center – Click on
Adapters – Right click the desired adapter – Select Properties – Double click
TCP/IP – Click Advanced – Uncheck the Automatic Metric – Change to the desired
number
Wireless
Above the wireless is set to 1. Below the LAN which has a static IP address and
no Gateway is configured with a 20.
Valid values are 1 to 9999.
Don’t forget to set the binding order of the network cards. Go to the Adapter.
Hit the ‘Alt’ key once for the menu. Click on Advanced and then Advanced
Settings.
Move the network card with a higher priority to the top.
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Posted in Technology | Leave a comment
SEIZING THE OPERATION MASTER ROLES IN WINDOWS SERVER – RID ISSUES
Posted on Monday, March 22, 2021 11:30 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
How to repair AD in this state (object can’t be created -users/other)
* command prompt (admin) – Type the following…
* ntdsutil
* roles
* connections
* connect to server
* quit
* seize schema master
* seize naming master
* seize RID master
* seize PDC
* seize infrastructure master
Reboot
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Posted in Technology, Windows, Windows Server | Tagged Can't create object,
Windows AD errors, windows server, Windows Server RID issues | Leave a comment
SHOULD YOU DISABLE 8DOT3 FOR PERFORMANCE AND SECURITY?
Posted on Saturday, March 20, 2021 12:40 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
icrosoft did recommend to disable short names in a security guide some times
back. There is evidence that file operations in directories (folders) that
contain a large number of file can be slowed by short file name creations. So
does it improve performance? The short answer – Yes.
Now should you disable short names? This answer is going to be on a case by
case basis. Some questions to ask yourself –
* Do you have older programs that use 8dot3 (short names)?
* Do you have a folder with a significant amount of files and coping or
creating files is slow?
Below is a pic showing the improvement by disabling and stripping
Image: Blog Technet Microsoft
Here’s what you need to do –
* Always backup your system
* Open a Command Prompt as Administrator
* Type fsutil 8dot3name query c:
(enter the drive letter at the end)
* Type fsutil 8dot3name set c: 1
(This will disable 8.3)
* If you want to do this system wide, type –
– fsutil behavior set disable8dot3 1
* To strip existing files with a 8.3 short name, this will scan your computer
and the system registry and strip the files of their short names type the
following-
– fsutil 8dot3name strip /s /v c:
Example:
References:
* KB Article on short names: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/121007
* TechNet article with a reference for FSUTIL.EXE
8dot3name: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff621566.aspx
* TechNet article on the registry setting to disable 8.3 names system
wide: http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc778996.aspx
* https://blogs.technet.microsoft.com/josebda/2012/11/13/windows-server-2012-file-server-tip-disable-8-3-naming-and-strip-those-short-names-too/
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Posted in Technology, Windows, Windows 10, Windows 10 Quick Tips, Windows Server
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WIRELESS DROPPING? CHANGE YOUR SCAN VALID INTERVAL
Posted on Monday, March 15, 2021 10:09 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Is your Wireless dropping? Update your driver of course and then try changing
your Scan Valid Interval. By default, most wireless cards are set to 60.
This is the amount of time before your wireless ‘looks’ for other access points
(for roaming). Try changing the interval to 120.
Open the device manager, double click on the wireless adapter, under advanced,
click on Scan Valid Interval – change this to 120. If you have a card that has
roaming under advanced, select the lowest option.
Note: If you have a laptop and are moving around in an area, you may need
to lower this number.
Also, you may want to lower the Beacon Interval in your router if your signal is
low or if you have drops. This sends beacons more frequently and can help with
your signal. This may slightly decrease your bandwidth (wireless) and use a
little extra battery on mobile devices.
While the default is 100, did you know if you increase this time (assuming you
have a great signal in your home or business) that you can increase wireless
bandwidth (slightly) and even increase your battery life of devices?
Got Atheros? Follow this link to drivers.
Also, do a quick survey of your entire home. As you can see, one side of our
house has interference on channel 11. Because the ‘user’ of the other wireless
is using Channel 6 + 10 (40 mhz ) spread, Channel 6 and 11 are NOT optimal.
Therefore, channel 1 is the optimal channel (you can see two devices – my AP
and printer)
Left – host computer Right – TightVNC into another computer in my home.
Remember, router position and direction matters. As you can see below,
repositioning the router got rid of “Saw Tooth” (signal that goes up and down).
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Posted in Home Networking, Networking, Technology, Wireless | Tagged Network
Troubleshooting, Wireless, wireless troubleshooting | 2 Comments
ALPHIMAX PTP ESTIMATOR PROVIDES AN EXCELLENT WAY TO ALIGN YOUR WIRELESS ANTENNAS
Posted on Monday, March 15, 2021 7:00 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
When you are networking computers, wireless access points, printers and other
nodes in multiple rooms, try to avoid daisy-chaining switches or using small 4-8
port switches when you are in a hurry. Replace any hubs on your network as soon
as you can.
With a hub, collisions can be >20% and utilization can stand at >50%. By
replacing a hub alone, you can reduce collisions to 5% on switches in rooms and
<1% in the server room. Switches help to isolate traffic, relieve congestion,
separate collision domains (reduce collisions), segment and restart
distance/repeater rules.
Daisy Chaining Switches -what not to do
Real world scenarios may require you to temporarily daisy chain switches. If
you do, test the network and run additional backbones or replace core switches
to accommodate more nodes as soon as you can. (remember, replace any hubs in
your network)
One of many solutions is to run independent lines to the core switch
Basic tips on optimization of your network –
* Use stackable managed switches
* Purchase switches that support
IEEE 802.1D , IEEE 802.1p , IEEE 802.1Q , IEEE 802.1s , IEEE 802.1w , IEEE
802.1x , IEEE 802.3 , IEEE 802.3ab , IEEE 802.3ad (LACP) ,
IEEE 802.3ae , IEEE 802.3u , IEEE 802.3x , IEEE 802.3z
* Use a battery backup on the switches
This is the very basics behind network switch infrastructure. Managing switches
and using the IEEE standards above along with optimizing your network and
managing the network infrastructure is important.
Excellent articles on Networking Infrastructure
http://www.lantronix.com/resources/net-tutor-switching.html
http://www.techrepublic.com/blog/it-consultant/only-novices-daisy-chain-switches/
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WHY DO YOU SUBNET?
Posted on Monday, March 15, 2021 12:22 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Why? The Golden Question
All over the internet you will find information on ‘How to Subnet’. Suddenly
you are thrown into a world of bits and binary and given charts of ‘How to
Subnet’. But why do you subnet?
Subnets are created to separate areas of your network for security and/or to
hold down broadcasts. Computers constantly ‘talk’ to each other. If you have
a network of 10 computers, the talking (opening files or programs) or
broadcasting packets that are sent out during networking is not much traffic at
all. However if you have 10,000 computers talking and passing data, you will
have thousands of computers passing data and your network will slow down from
all of the information. If you still don’t understand, invite 10 friends over
for a get together. It’ll get noisy but you can still hear every
conversation. Now, go to a rock concert with 10,000 screaming fans. Get the
picture.
Subnetting allows you to divide areas of your network out to prevent this. So
here comes the golden question. How can you get them to ‘talk’ when you need
to? With the installation of a Layer 3 Switch or a router, these subnets can
talk.
And for all of the folks who know a ton of details on the subject, this is just
an example for people who are searching why to subnet.
Other Ways to Divide Your Network
Are there other ways to divide your network? You can use VLANs. Devices such
as switches allow virtual lans to be set up. By purchasing managed switches,
you can separate different areas of your network thus separating areas for
security and holding down traffic.
So now I know why – but how and don’t give me binary and all the fuzzy stuff!
The best explaination I have found is at this link. A simple chart with
examples!
Here’s my example –
Subnetting allows your network to become more efficient and allows you to
separate your network by subnets.
Let’s say your network is on a 192.168.1.x numbering scheme.
How do you know what your network is? Open a command prompt and type ipconfig.
See the gateway? That is your starting number for your network. The network
allows 254 computers to be in the broadcast domain.
So if you do an ipconfig and see this-
192.168.1.125 – your ip address
255.255.255.0 – your current subnet
192.168.1.1 – your gateway (This is your router or firewall – the
point leading to the internet)
Now let’s say you have 20 devices in your network. How can you effectively
hold down broadcast and prevent your router from building tables for each
device? How can you make it more effective and hold down traffic? Actually
without understanding binary, you can do this. Remember this is basics and
should help you understand.
You see under the current network, you can have 254 devices in your network.
Printers, routers, computers, tablets, netbooks, notebooks, etc. The last
set of numbers called an octet only goes from 1-254. But lets narrow this
down.
You can use a CIDR calculator online to determine how to tweak your network. A
good site is Subnet Calculator. Go there and enter your router’s number in the
ip field. Now go down and enter a number close to the number of devices you
have on your network. In this example, enter 30.
Did you see where the subnet changed to 255.255.255.224? (Did you notice that
224 + 30 is 254?)
Ok, now open your adapter settings by clicking the network icon at the bottom
right corner and selecting Open Network and Sharing Center.
Now click on the adapter settings.
Right click and select properties on your adapter that is active.
Now select Internet Protocol v4
Enter an ip address statically (manually put it in). Put in your new subnet and
your gateway. You must also put in your DNS or a public DNS server. You
should keep a list of each devices number to avoid any problems. All ip
addresses must be different on each device.
The only valid numbers in this broadcast domain now is – 192.168.1.1,
192.168.1.2, 192.168.1.3 continuing until you get to 192.168.1.30 (remember you
chose to have up to 30 devices on your network.) If you enter any number above
this, you will get an error.
Error screen showing an ip address above what you selected.
If you get the above error screen, you have entered an invalid number.
After you select a number between 192.168.1.1 and 192.168.1.30, click OK and
exit all screens by clicking OK.
If you do an ipconfig now, you will see this-
When you change subnets as the above example shows, you have to remember that
you may lose connectivity to devices such as routers or network printers. You
will need to set devices such as servers and these devices on the same subnet so
that whoever is assigned this subnet can communicate with them.
This by no means is a thorough subnetting lesson. It can become much more
complex by introducing multiple routers into your network, DHCP servers or other
devices. This is a simple how-to that shows you how broadcast domains can be
more efficient.
Now one more thing. Want to know how to subnet? You can use the magic number
method.
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Posted in Computers | Tagged Computers, how to subnet, Linux, Server, Server
2003, Server 2008, subnet, subnet example, subnetting, Windows | 5 Comments
NEED TO OPTIMIZE YOUR NETWORK – SILLY WINDOW SYNDROME COULD BE HAPPENING
Posted on Sunday, March 14, 2021 9:07 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Need to speed your internet up or tweak your network out? Here’s some things to
take into consideration. Something called Silly Window Syndrome can occur if a
server or workstation that has a shared files has high latency.
You see, when there is no synchronization between the workstation and a server
(or ws to ws) regarding the capacity of the flow of data being sent or the
packet size, Silly Window Syndrome can occur.
Here’s where Nagle’s algorithm is used if the Silly Window Syndrome occurs from
the sender. You can make sure it is enabled by running the script below from a
command line (as administrator). Nagle will send the first segment even if it
is tiny. Then it’ll wait for the acknowledgement (known as an ACK) is received
or a MSS is accumulated. (MSS – maximum sized segment)
You see, Nagle’s algorithm works by improving TCP efficiency. This algorithm
reduces the number of small packets being sent over a network.
So what if the delays are caused by the receiver? David D Clark’s solution can
be and is used. Clark’s solution closes the window until another segment of MSS
can be received or if the buffer becomes half empty.
Now there something else – Delayed ACK tries to send more data over a segment if
it can. Here’s the problem. the interaction of Delayed ACK with Nagle’s
algorithm can create 200+ ms delays.
How do I?
Run this from a command line as an administrator to turn off Nagle’s algorithm
REG ADD
HKey_Local_Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
/v TcpAckFrequency /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
REG ADD
HKey_Local_Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
/v TCPNoDelay /t REG_DWORD /d 0 /f
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
start explorer.exe
pause
______________________________________________________
Run this from a command line as an administrator to turn on Nagle’s algorithm
REG ADD
HKey_Local_Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
/v TcpAckFrequency /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f
REG ADD
HKey_Local_Machine\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces\
/v TCPNoDelay /t REG_DWORD /d 1 /f
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
start explorer.exe
__________________________________________________________________________________________
There’s several other things you can do for latency –
1. Check things like LLMNR. You can get delays with SQL and you may need to
disable it on work stations and the server.
2. Look at Nagle’s Algorithm and Delayed ACK.
1. You can turn Nagle’s algorithm on or off as needed. It’s not always the
best choice in highly interactive networks but can help to speed up
downloads and remote connectivity. We’ve had several students in a jam
that needed a file moved and high latency stopped them or the download
failed. So what did they do? Adjusted Nagle’s Algorithm.
3. Disable everything in the network card settings with the exception of flow
control
4. Manually adjust the connection speed – we’ve seen even with the correct
network card drivers slow throughput on networks. After adjusting to 1Gbps
manually instead of auto, the computer speed up.
5. Is everything a gigabit? Switches, servers, workstation and other. If so,
enable jumbo frames.
Remember always optimize your network before you throw hardware at the problem.
Also, don’t worry, Karn’s algorithm will be working when computers are talking.
It basically measures time from point A and B and if there is a delay, it’ll say
‘hello’ again to try and get a response.
If you have an application you need to access that uses TCP across the network,
you may be able to speed it up by enabling TcpAckFrequency and/or TcpNoDelay in
the registry. –
Open regedit and then find-
Registry Key
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\Tcpip\Parameters\Interfaces
Make sure you find the correct interface for your active network connection.One
way is to look at the IP Addresses listed until you find the correct interface.
On the right window, create a DWORD32 for-
TcpAckFrequency=1
TCPNoDelay=1
Reboot
Always make sure you measure your network speed before you make changes to set a
baseline. Measure the speed after you make changes. How do you measure it?
Put the following software on the workstation and server. Totusoft’s Lanspeed
http://www.totusoft.com/lanspeed
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TRULY RESET THE TCP/IP STACK – FIX NETWORK/INTERNET PROBLEMS UPDATED 3/14/2021
Posted on Sunday, March 14, 2021 6:35 am by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Having connection issues and no viruses or malware? Hardware ok?
Try typing the following at a command prompt as an administrator
(you can copy and paste the bold text below) to fully reset the TCP/IP Stack-
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
netsh winsock reset catalog
netsh interface ipv4 reset
netsh interface ipv6 reset
arp d
netsh winsock reset
netsh int tcp reset
netsh int ip reset
netsh int ip delete neighbors
netsh int ip delete destinationcache
netsh int ip delete arpcache
ipconfig /flushDNS
ipconfig /registerDNS
ipconfig /displayDNS
NBTStat -R
NBTStat -RR
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Because you may have ports opened or your firewall has exceptions, the next
command resets your firewall – This is optional
netsh advfirewall reset
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Posted in Technology | Tagged internet troubleshooting, Network Troubleshooting,
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NEED TO OPTIMIZE YOUR NETWORK? LOOK AT ADJUSTING LOCALPRIORITY, HOSTPRIORITY,
DNSPRIORITY OR NETBTPRIORITY.
Posted on Wednesday, March 10, 2021 7:09 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Need to optimize your network? Look at adjusting LocalPriority, HostPriority,
DNSPriority or NetBTPriority. (Host/DNS resolution)
The tweak works by increasing the priority of four processes.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip\ServiceProvider\
LocalPriority = 4 (DWORD, the default is 499, change to 4)
HostPriority = 5 (DWORD, the default is 500, change to 5)
DnsPriority = 6 (DWORD, the default is 2000, change to 6)
NetbtPriority = 7 (DWORD, the default is 2001, change to 7)
You can use this script at a command prompt (as Admin) or in PowerShell (as
Admin)-
reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\TcpIp\ServiceProvider /v
“LocalPriority” /t REG_DWORD /D 4 /F
reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\TcpIp\ServiceProvider /v
“HostsPriority” /t REG_DWORD /D 5 /F
reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\TcpIp\ServiceProvider /v
“DnsPriority” /t REG_DWORD /D 6 /F
reg add HKLM\System\CurrentControlSet\Services\TcpIp\ServiceProvider /v
“NetBtPriority” /t REG_DWORD /D 7 /F
taskkill /f /im explorer.exe
start explorer.exe
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Posted in computer troubleshooting, Microsoft, Microsoft Office, Microsoft
Windows, Microsoft Windows 10, network, Networking, Technology, Windows, Windows
10, Windows 10 Quick Tips | Tagged network optimization, network tweaks,
networking | 1 Comment
OPTIMIZING YOUR SERVER WITH MORE THAN ONE NETWORK CARD
Posted on Monday, January 6, 2020 7:42 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
New IT professionals may think that adding a second network card will improve
throughput. While this can be true, IT personnel need to be aware of several
rules behind configuring multiple network cards.
Assuming the server will be in the same subnet, once the network cards are
installed, several decisions have to be made. Will the cards be independent and
have separate IP addresses or will the cards be bridged and have the same IP
address?
Two IP addresses
If you plan on installing two nic cards in your server and you want to use two
ip addresses-
* Make sure that licensing of software is not based on the MAC address of one
of the NIC cards
* Do NOT enable NetBIOS over TCP/IP – This can cause the name of the server to
appear on the network more than once and an error will occur (multiple NetBT
Event ID 4319 Errors stating “A duplicate name has been detected on the TCP
network)
* Use an internal DNS server – Client computers will use a DNS round-robin and
routing tables will be built
One IP Address, multiple NIC cards
If you plan on using aggregation or the bridging of your network cards-
* USE HP, Intel, Broadcom or other NICs that support teaming (drivers) – this
is important so that the cards will be used together
Note- (Our recommendations)
* Connect each NIC to a separate switch to ensure switchport flooding does not
occur.” Use switches that support IEEE 802.3ad
* USE RSS and modify the registry appropriately to use multiple CPUs
In Windows Server 2008, administrators can set the maximum number of RSS CPUs
with the MaxNumRssCpus registry keyword
in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Ndis\Parameters.
TheMaxNumRssCpus value is a DWORD type and, if it is not present, NDIS uses
the default value of 4.
More information:
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/hardware/ff570795(v=vs.85).aspx
* To enable RSS:
1. Open a command prompt as an administrator
2. Type the following command, and then press ENTER:
netsh int tcp set global rss=enabled
* You may want to also enable TCP Chimney if your NIC card supports
it. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/951037
Is TCP Chimney working? Type netstat -t if you see Offloaded during a
connection, this feature is working
An excellent article on the use of multiple NIC cards
http://blogs.technet.com/b/josebda/archive/2010/09/03/using-the-multiple-nics-of-your-file-server-running-windows-server-2008-and-2008-r2.aspx
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REVIEW – GL-MT300N-V2 (MANGO) MINI SMART ROUTER
Posted on Friday, November 29, 2019 10:12 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
Do you travel? Want extra protection of taking a router with a firewall with
you when you are on the road? Want the flexibility of OpenWRT?
The GL iNet GL-MT300N-V2 mini smart router is loaded with a ton of features.
These Routers can act as a router, repeater, WDS, 3/4g Modem or it’ll work with
phone tethering.
For less than $21, this tiny router packs a lot of punch. Able to fit in the
palm of your hand, the router has the following features.
* Powered by MTK 7628NN 580Mhz SoC
* 300Mbps high speed
* Small, light, easy to use
* LEDE pre-installed
* Increased RAM from 64MB to 128 MB
* Better Wi-Fi with MTK driver
* Faster OpenVPN encryption
* 4 GPIOs
Tech Specs.
CPU MTK 7628NN @580Mhzz Memory/Storage DDR2 128MB/ FLASH 16MB Interfaces 1 WAN,
1 LAN, 1 USB2.0, 1 micro USB (power), 1 Reset button Frequency 2.4GHz
Transmission rate 300Mbps Max Tx Power 20dBm Protocol 802.11 b/g/n External
Storage support FAT32/EXFAT/EXT4/EXT3/EXT2/NTFS Webcam support MJPG, YUV DIY
features UART, 4GPIO, 3.3V & 5V power port External antenna support No Power
input 5V/1A Power consumption <2.75W Dimension, Weight 58*58*25mm, 39g
Using the default login, the GL-MT300N-V2 can be accessed by a web browser.
The admin panel contains every feature you’ll need in any router. While this
custom menu has Internet, Wireless, Client info, Upgrade (firmware), Firewall,
VPN (OpenVPN), Applications and more settings; its OpenWRT that makes this
router unique.
Because the router runs on OpenWRT firmware, items such as a firewall, OpenVPN
and more are available.
The firewall features logging and a Captive Portal.
The Network Mode includes changing the router from being a router to a wireless
access point, Extender or WDS (Wireless Distribution System).
By entering the IP address with /cgi-bin/luci, you can gain access to OpenWRT.
What is LuCi?
The full OpenWRT menu is available including graphs and all of the features of
OpenWRT.
Real-time information can be accessed under the OpenWRT menu.
Firmware
https://docs.gl-inet.com/en/3/release_notes/
Firmware for gl-mt300-n-v2
https://docs.gl-inet.com/en/3/release_notes/gl-mt300n-v2/
Documents
https://docs.gl-inet.com/en/3/setup/mini_router/upgrade/#official-openwrtlede-firmware
First Time Setup
https://docs.gl-inet.com/en/3/setup/mini_router/first-time_setup/
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Posted in Computers, Hardware, Internet, Mobile Computing, network, Networking,
Technology, Wireless | Tagged GL-iNet routers, openwrt, portable router, router
review, Routers, Wireless | Leave a comment
FIX WINDOWS UPDATE ERRORS BY USING THE DISM OR SYSTEM UPDATE READINESS TOOL
Posted on Friday, November 8, 2019 7:39 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
At an elevated command prompt (command prompt as administrator) – type
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
What should you try first? – Try the PowerShell post we made on an earlier date
to check for updates.
Open PowerShell as an Administrator
Type the following-
Install-Module PSWinodwsUpdate
Get-WindowsUpdate
Install-WindowsUpdate
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OPTIMIZING MYSQL- MOODLE
Posted on Sunday, November 3, 2019 5:55 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
To be specific, if you are loading Moodle, look at the optimization at –
https://docs.moodle.org/37/en/Performance_recommendations
On our server, we use a SSD with the Inetinfop\Parameters set to 2. You need to
run the performance under plugins at 100,000 request. So go to site
administration and see how you do.
https://yourdomain/cache/testperformance.php and request 100,000.
Make sure you set all of the settings under FastCGI to 10,000 or their max of
1000.
Opcache should be enabled in the php.ini file.
Optimize the my.ini file for Windows Server.
https://www.percona.com/blog/2016/10/12/mysql-5-7-performance-tuning-immediately-after-installation/
IIS PERFORMANCE (HTTPS://DOCS.MOODLE.ORG/37/EN/PERFORMANCE_RECOMMENDATIONS)
All alter this location in the registry:
HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Inetinfo\Parameters\
* The equivalent to KeepAliveTimeout is ListenBackLog (IIS – registry location
is HKLM\ SYSTEM\ CurrentControlSet\ Services\ Inetinfo\ Parameters). Set this
to between 2 to 5.
* Change the MemCacheSize value to adjust the amount of memory (Mb) that IIS
will use for its file cache (50% of available memory by default).
* Change the MaxCachedFileSize to adjust the maximum size of a file cached in
the file cache in bytes. Default is 262,144 (256K).
* Create a new DWORD called ObjectCacheTTL to change the length of time (in
milliseconds) that objects in the cache are held in memory. Default is 30,000
milliseconds (30 seconds).
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Posted in Technology, Windows Server | Tagged IIS and MySQL, IIS MySQL, Moodle,
Moodle Optimization | Leave a comment
UPDATING DRIVERS? DON’T FORGET THE CHIPSET!
Posted on Friday, November 1, 2019 10:59 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
While I’d like to guess that over 98% of the computers that I have worked on
that are privately owned; the drivers were out of date or missing critical
drivers that other drivers rely on.
Here’s what I mean. If you decide to update your wireless drivers, don’t go to
the manufacturer of the computer, look for drivers from the hardware website.
Don’t download any program that offers to update your drivers. Update your
drivers manually. Open the device manager, look for the device you want to
update, navigate to the hardware manufacturer’s website, download the zip file,
unzip the file, click update driver, select let me choose and point to the
location of the driver.
Now which drivers should you update? Video, sound, network (wired and
wireless), camera, mouse (synaptics if a laptop), and most importantly, the
chipset. Why the chipset? It controls the peripheral equipment (e.g. video,
sound, network). Updates usually correct problems or latency issues.
Remember, the chipset and BIOS (UEFI) control these devices. It’s important to
get BIOS/UEFI updates along with what controls your computer…the chipset.
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Posted in Computer hardware, Computer Software, computer troubleshooting,
Computers, Information Technology, Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows 10,
Technology, troubleshooting, Windows, Windows 10, windows 10 privacy, Windows 10
Quick Tips, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows 8.1, Windows Server | Leave a comment
LINK AGGREGATION – USE MULTIPLE NIC CARDS
Posted on Friday, October 25, 2019 6:37 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
There is truly an advantage to adding multiple NIC cards to a computer. It
won’t speed up a single internet connection but it can help with loss of signal,
detecting access points, transferring information to and from computers.
When adding a second NIC card to a computer, you can highlight both by holding
down the CTRL key and clicking on them and then right clicking to bridge the
connections so they act as one…this can allow you to bridge a wireless network
to a wired network.
Two nic cards on the same network can allow for load balancing.
Dual Wireless Cards
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NEED SYSTEM INFORMATION? USE POWERSHELL
Posted on Friday, October 18, 2019 11:07 pm by TCAT Shelbyville IT Department
If you need system information about your BIOS, Motherboard and more, open
PowerShell as an Administrator and past the following into PowerShell –
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_BIOS
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_Baseboard
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_Processor
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_LogicalDisk
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_DiskDrive
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_PhysicalMemory
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapter
Get-WMIObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration
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Posted in Computers, Education, Microsoft Windows, Microsoft Windows 10,
Technology, Windows, Windows 10, Windows 10 Quick Tips, Windows 7, Windows 8,
Windows 8.1, Windows Security, Windows Server | Tagged Hardware, PowerShell,
Windows Powershell | Leave a comment
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