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Climate Coach


SEE IF YOUR CITY IS POISED TO BOUNCE BACK FROM THE NEXT CLIMATE DISASTER

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experience.

Climate risk

Very low

Medium

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Seattle

Boston

Detroit

New York

Chicago

Philadelphia

Sacramento

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Denver

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Miami

Climate risk

Seattle

Very low

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Low

Boston

Detroit

New York

Chicago

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Sacramento

Washington, D.C.

Denver

San Francisco

St. Louis

Norfolk

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Miami

U.S. map showing combined risk of coastal flooding, inland flooding, hurricane,
drought, wildfire and heat.

Resilience

Very low

Medium

High

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Low

Seattle

Boston

Detroit

New York

Chicago

Philadelphia

Sacramento

Washington, D.C.

Denver

San Francisco

St. Louis

Norfolk

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Miami

Resilience

Seattle

Very low

Medium

High

Very high

Low

Boston

Detroit

New York

Chicago

Philadelphia

Sacramento

Washington, D.C.

Denver

San Francisco

St. Louis

Norfolk

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Miami

U.S. map showing resilience score, a combination of different economic and
social indicators


How do you pick a safe place to live? Climate scientists predict an intensifying
barrage of hurricanes, droughts, wildfires, flooding and sea-level rise in many
places. These disasters are already threatening, and even demolishing, homes.

But risk is not all. Resilience, the capacity to rebound from adversity, can
matter just as much. Climate modeling firm AlphaGeo analyzes 28 factors, from
life expectancy to infrastructure spending, to assess a location’s true
vulnerability.

Overlaying risk and resilience is a road map to a community’s future. It paints
a picture of why a place is positioned to thrive or struggle because climate
change won’t be a singular disaster. It’s a succession of stresses, some small,
others devastating.

Advice by Michael J. Coren
, 
Naema Ahmed
and 
Kevin Crowe
November 20, 2024 at 5:00 a.m. EST
17 min
143
Sorry, a summary is not available for this article at this time. Please try
again later.

How do you pick a safe place to live? Climate scientists predict an intensifying
barrage of hurricanes, droughts, wildfires, flooding and sea-level rise in many
places. These disasters are already threatening, and even demolishing, homes.

Climate risk

Very low

Medium

High

Very high

Low

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Climate risk

Very low

Medium

High

Very high

Low

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix


U.S. map showing combined risk of coastal flooding, inland flooding, hurricane,
drought, wildfire and heat.

But risk is not all. Resilience, the capacity to rebound from adversity, can
matter just as much. Climate modeling firm AlphaGeo analyzes 28 factors, from
life expectancy to infrastructure spending, to assess a location’s true
vulnerability.

Resilience

Very low

Medium

High

Very high

Low

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Resilience

Very low

Medium

High

Very high

Low

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix


U.S. map showing resilience

Overlaying risk and resilience is a road map to a community’s future. It paints
a picture of why a place is positioned to thrive or struggle because climate
change won’t be a singular disaster. It’s a succession of stresses, some small,
others devastating.

Vulnerability

Less vulnerable

More vulnerable

Lower risk than resilience

Higher risk than resilience

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix

Vulnerability

Less vulnerable

More vulnerable

Lower risk than resilience

Higher risk than resilience

Boston

New York

Chicago

St. Louis

Norfolk

Miami

Seattle

Sacramento

Denver

Los Angeles

Phoenix


U.S. map showing vulnerability to climate risk

Most people think about good schools, safe streets or desirable jobs when
considering where to live. As climate risks inexorably rise, how well your
community bounces back from a climate-related disaster — or even a bad
thunderstorm — will begin to weigh more heavily on the value of your home.

Imagine a house high up on a hill. It may seem safe from flooding. But the
streets around it become impassable during storms or even high tide. Getting to
the grocery store is difficult. As extreme weather worsens, insurance rates
rise. Some carriers stop issuing policies — or cancel them. Even if the house on
higher ground is safe, property values could fall, reducing tax revenue needed
to rebuild and protect the city. A downward cycle could ensue.


CLIMATE COACH: REAL ESTATE EDITION

Climate change is repricing your most valuable asset: your home. Here are the
tools you need to navigate a hotter planet.

PreviousNext

“The individual shoulders the risk of the community,” said Brian Stone, a
professor and director of the Urban Climate Lab at the Georgia Institute of
Technology.

Yet communities can also offer protection. It’s not just risk that determines
the value of a home, argued AlphaGeo’s founder and CEO Parag Khanna: “It’s how
resilient you are.” Resilient cities hold their value and appeal to new and
current residents, enabling even risky places to thrive.

While there’s no perfect way to measure resilience, there’s a growing body of
data to draw from. AlphaGeo helps real estate, insurance and financial firms
predict how global climate models translate into local impacts, and how those
risks might be offset by factors on the ground, from a city’s finances to how
old the buildings are.

We teamed up with AlphaGeo to reveal where and why communities appear best
positioned to recover from adversity. We looked at the nation overall, as well
as two high-risk, high-resilience communities — the flood-prone military town of
Norfolk and California’s Placer County, which is threatened by wildfire.

And we built the tool below so you can compare your city’s risk and resilience
scores, and judge its vulnerability in a volatile climate.

DO YOU LIVE IN A RESILIENT CITY?

You can think about resilience as four broad categories: infrastructure,
economic strength, good governance and social cohesion. Each reinforces the
other. Physical infrastructure — such as a reliable electricity grid or a new
seawall — protects people and job-creating businesses and, by extension, tax
revenue. AlphaGeo looks at income inequality and household debt to assess if a
community is tightly knit. Well-functioning local governments also help. The
firm estimates how different factors, like a good stormwater system management
during a downpour, could offset a community’s risks.

Find your city:

Search
Virginia Beach-Chesapeake-Norfolk, Va./N.C.



Your city ranks high for resilience. Here’s a breakdown of the individual
indicators:

Very LowLowMediumHighVery HighOverall resilience✔Energy transition
Renewables✔Energy reliability Power outages✔Social Poverty, household
debt✔Economic Income, employment, education✔Infrastructure Spending, airports,
bridges✔Health Health-care access, life expectancy✔

Source: AlphaGeo. Metrics listed under each indicator do not reflect an
exhaustive list of features used to calculate that score. State average
resilience scores were used for the New Haven, Connecticut metro area.

This is only a snapshot — and an incomplete one at that. The precise nature of
resiliency will shift over time, as scientists collect more data about what
factors matter most. But it’s one way people can glimpse the future of where
they live.

HOW DOES IT STACK UP WITH RISK?

Risk is not just a once-in-a-century disaster. It’s also everyday exposure to
extreme weather, wildfire smoke, rain bombs, hail and inland flooding. Even
“climate havens” like Asheville, North Carolina, suffer disasters like Hurricane
Helene.

“No place is particularly safe,” said Alice Hill, a former Obama administration
official and co-author of the book “Building a Resilient Tomorrow.” “But some
places are safer than others.”

Your city ranks high for risk. Here’s a breakdown of the individual risks:

Very LowLowMediumHighVery HighOverall risk✔Coastal flooding✔Inland
flooding✔Hurricane✔Heat✔Drought✔Wildfire✔

Source: AlphaGeo

RISK AND RESILIENCE

High resilience, however, can offset high risk.

Take the Netherlands. The Dutch organize their society around flood protection.
To push back the Atlantic Ocean and control riverine flooding, they’ve invested
billions of dollars into thousands of miles of dikes connected to dams and
floodgates. Roughly 20 percent of the country’s territory used to be part of the
North Sea.

Cities are following in the Netherlands’ footsteps. New York City is installing
floodgates around Manhattan and turning vulnerable coastlines such as Staten
Island’s Oakwood Beach into storm surge buffers. Boston will spend more than $1
billion to protect its 47-mile coastline. Inland cities from St. Louis to
Duluth, Minnesota, are redesigning their drainage systems for a wetter world.

Your city is as resilient as it is risky. Here’s where it stands among all
counties in the country:

Your cityRiskResilienceU.S. average
More vulnerableHigher risk than resilience←Higher riskthan resilience↓Less
vulnerableLower risk than resilience→Lower riskthan resilience↑Your city

Source: AlphaGeo

Cities can expect the cost of coping with climate change to keep rising.
“Calculating the risk is easy,” said Lauren Sorkin, co-founder of the nonprofit
Resilient Cities Network, which helps cities cope with climate impacts.
“Managing the risk is the hard part.”

Two communities, nearly 3,000 miles apart from each other, show what it may take
to thrive in the face of coming adversity.


NORFOLK, VIRGINIA AWASH IN WATER

Lionell Avant wants his last days to be on Norfolk’s Westminster Avenue. He
bought the white house with two porches, just a few blocks from where he grew
up, in 2004, and raised his children there on a half-acre of pines and oaks
along the Elizabeth River.

But he’s worried about the water.

Avant, sporting a graying beard and baseball cap, took me around the side of the
house where the driveway slopes down. “We’ve lost countless things over the
years to floods,” he said, pointing to a small garage. “I see the water flows by
everybody else. But it all just settles down here.”

A few years ago, his house was placed in flood zone “AE,” a high-risk category.
His mortgage lender forced him to purchase flood insurance for the first time.
His neighbor, who received the same designation but couldn’t afford the bill,
moved.

A storm grate now collects standing water when it rains, rusty from saltwater
below. “It’s not going down anymore,” he said. “So something’s changed.” He
hadn’t considered climate change before, but looking across at his neighbor’s
vacant house, doubt crept into his voice. “I’m going to lose my house, too,”
Avant said. “That feels like that’s the plan.”

Story continues below advertisement
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When flying over Norfolk, the city appears like an outpost of dry land
surrounded by water. Flooding has always been a problem here. It’s now sinking
into the ocean faster than any other place on the East Coast due to land
subsidence and rising seas.

In less than 20 years, some streets here will begin flooding twice daily at high
tide, the Virginia Institute of Marine Science predicts. If nothing is done,
experts predict storms and rising waters will inundate much of Norfolk, leaving
Avant and many others underwater.

The city is battling two enemies: massive storms off the Atlantic and rising
seas. An event like Hurricane Sandy, warns the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers,
could send a devastating wall of water crashing over the city. But even during
normal storms, city engineers say, rain often flows into pipes filled with
water. Old tidal creeks, which became dumping grounds, are reemerging.

To respond, Norfolk officials have mounted one of the country’s most aggressive
climate resilience efforts. The city began integrating sea-level rise as part of
its planning and zoning in 2013, publishing a detailed plan through 2100 three
years later. In 2023, it signed an agreement with the Army Corps for a $2.7
billion project that will protect core areas of the city with roughly nine miles
of flood walls and levees, 11 tide gates and 10 pump stations.

The flood wall built in 1971 by the Army Corps of Engineers in downtown Norfolk
has the gates closed in preparation for high-tide flooding.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 14: Part of the Downtown Norfolk Flood wall, built in
1971 by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in Norfolk, Va., on Thursday, Nov. 14,
2024. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For The Washington Post) (Kristen Zeis for The
Washington Post)

Yellow poles installed by residents indicate concerns over the height of a
proposed flood wall.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 14: Yellow poles in the Freemason neighborhood installed
by residents provide a visual representation of what a 16 foot proposed
floodwall would look like in Norfolk, Va., on Thursday, Nov. 14, 2024. Many
residents are concerned that the height and placement of the wall would block
their waterfront views and impact their property values.(Photo by Kristen
Zeis/For The Washington Post) (Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

Bioswales, gutters that capture stormwater runoff and debris, now sit in front
of houses.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 15: As part of the Ohio Creek Watershed Project,
bioswales designed to help with stormwater runoff were built in front of houses
in the Chesterfield Heights neighborhood of Norfolk, Va., on Friday, November
15, 2024. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For The Washington Post) (Kristen Zeis for The
Washington Post)

An earthen berm — a raised area of land often made from gravel — can help direct
runoff water and protect properties from flooding.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 15: An earthen berm built as part of the Ohio Creek
Watershed Project surrounds the Chesterfield Heights neighborhood of Norfolk,
Va., on Friday, November 15, 2024. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For The Washington
Post) (Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

(Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

Where the water can’t be stopped — like in Avant’s neighborhood — the city is
focused on minimizing damage. In these areas, city officials want to help
elevate homes, fill basements with sand and move electrical or mechanical
equipment. A new zoning code encourages building on higher ground. Developers
can earn points, required of all new developments, by buying at-risk properties
and allowing Norfolk to use them for flood control.

“Some areas of the city will be much smaller than now,” said Matthew Simons,
Norfolk’s deputy resilience officer, as we walked around the historically Black
neighborhood of Chesterfield Heights. There, flood-prone homes are now protected
by tidal gates, massive pumps, nature trails, restored wetlands and a massive
earthen berm.

Is Norfolk a model for the rest of the country? Perhaps.

AlphaGeo says rising threats from hurricanes, coastal and inland flooding, and
heat rise put the city at high risk. But it ranks Norfolk’s resilience equally
high: the city’s energy grid, health care, infrastructure and economic growth
receive good marks, trailed only by social indicators such as income inequality.

But U.S. taxpayers are underwriting much of Norfolk’s most ambitious
infrastructure. The region is home to 18 military bases, shipyards and military
facilities, including Naval Station Norfolk, the world’s largest naval base.
“Norfolk is the security center of the world,” said Kyle Spencer, the city’s
chief resilience officer. “That’s why we have to make this work.”

It’s not yet clear how Norfolk will cover its share of the Army Corps’ original
plan focused on major Atlantic storms: 35 percent will have to come from the
city, state or elsewhere. Major changes to address flooding from rising sea
levels or extend the proposed seawall to neighborhoods like Avant’s may not be
covered by federal funding. The Corps faces a $109 billion project backlog, and
plenty of bigger U.S. cities — including Miami and Boston — are demanding more
comprehensive defenses.

Whatever happens, Simons said, some Norfolk residents “should expect to live
with the water.”

One of them is David Moody, 59. He recently bought his dream home on Willoughby
Spit, a narrow strip of sand squeezed between the Atlantic Ocean and the James
River.

A mechanical engineer by training, Moody has spent countless weekends working to
ensure that when the water arrives, his 1925 house stays dry — digging drainage
trenches around his foundation, installing a pump, raising his front yard and
burying drums to store water.

To protect his Norfolk home from flooding, David Moody raised his front yard.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 14: The home of David Moody is photographed in Norfolk,
Va., on Thursday, Nov. 14, 2024. Moody has made several updates to his home to
protect it from coastal weather. Most recently Moody and his family have
installed a fence adapted to withstand hurricanes. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For
The Washington Post) (Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

Moody and his family have also installed a protective fence designed to
withstand hurricanes.

NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 14: The home of David Moody is photographed in Norfolk,
Va., on Thursday, Nov. 14, 2024. Moody has made several updates to his home to
protect it from coastal weather. Most recently Moody and his family have
installed a fence adapted to withstand hurricanes. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For
The Washington Post) (Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)
NORFOLK, VA - NOVEMBER 14: A fence built to withstand high winds and rain at the
home of David Moody is photographed in Norfolk, Va., on Thursday, Nov. 14, 2024.
The fence was installed with extra cement for stability and posts were secured 3
and a half feet into the ground. (Photo by Kristen Zeis/For The Washington Post)
(Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

(Kristen Zeis for The Washington Post)

Hiring contractors, he estimates, would have tripled the $100,000 cost. “It’s
tough for the average person to do what’s necessary,” Moody said.


PLACER COUNTY, CALIFORNIA LIVING WITH WILDFIRE

Put the Pacific Ocean at your back, drive along the blue ribbon of California’s
American River, and you’ll arrive in the foothills of Placer County. It is
surrounded by dense stands of ponderosa pine, cedar and juniper that rise up the
flanks of the Sierra Nevada range. Each year, millions of people drive through
to Lake Tahoe’s ski resorts.

For many people living here, those winding roads and vast forests now look like
a death trap.

The reality hit home on Nov. 8, 2018, after a power line sparked a fire in the
region’s tinder-dry forests. As the Camp Fire engulfed town after town, there
was little time to flee.

Nowhere suffered more than Paradise, a town of 27,000 about 100 miles north of
Placer County. Almost every structure was razed by the flames. The city’s one
route to escape, normally a 20-minute drive, became a four-hour morass.

It became the deadliest wildfire in California history, with 85 people dead. At
least seven of the victims were trapped in their cars trying to escape. Paradise
never recovered. The city now has about 8,300 residents, less than half its
earlier population. Local homeowner insurance rates have hit $12,000 per year.

As climate change primes more of California to burn than ever before, Paradise
stands as a cautionary tale. “The Camp Fire changed everybody’s attitude,” said
Kerri Timmer, the regional forest health coordinator for Placer County. “If it
can happen there, it can happen here.”

Timmer is charged with ensuring it doesn’t.

When we looked for a place in the United States at extreme risk of fire and
drought, Placer County rose near the top. But it also ranked among the most
resilient.

Despite having more dead trees and homes near the forest edge than almost any
other county in California, Placer also has the most communities enrolled in
Firewise, a voluntary national program to harden homes against wildfire. The
local government is spending tens of millions of dollars on forestry management
and resilience efforts to prevent the next big burn.

Forest management crew prepares for controlled burning to clear dead and dying
trees, and protect homes in a wildfire-prone area in Cisco Grove, California.

CISCO GROVE, UNITED STATES - NOVEMBER 14: Gabriel Garcia, a Bella Wildfire and
Forestry crew member, discusses the day’s strategy with crew members in Cisco
Grove Gould Park, Cisco Grove, California, United States, on November 14, 2024.
The crew is proactively burning to protect homes in a wildfire-prone area.
(Photo by Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post) (Tracy Barbutes for The
Washington Post)
CISCO GROVE, UNITED STATES - NOVEMBER 14: Prior to igniting fires, Bella
Wildfire and Forestry crew members use McLeod hand tools to clear brush and
flammable materials away from burn piles in the Cisco Grove Gould Park, Cisco
Grove, California, United States, on November 14, 2024. The crew is proactively
burning to protect homes in a wildfire-prone area. (Photo by Tracy Barbutes for
The Washington Post) (Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post)
CISCO GROVE, UNITED STATES - NOVEMBER 14: Gabriel Garcia, a Bella Wildfire and
Forestry crew member, keeps a watchful eye on a burn pile in the Cisco Grove
Gould Park, Cisco Grove, California, United States, on November 14, 2024. The
crew is proactively burning to protect homes in a wildfire-prone area. (Photo by
Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post) (Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post)
CISCO GROVE, UNITED STATES - NOVEMBER 14: Flames rise from a burn pile in Cisco
Grove Gould Park, Cisco Grove, California, United States, on November 14, 2024.
Ryan Bellanca, owner of the private forest management company Bella Wildfire and
Forestry, and his crew are proactively burning in the area to protect homes in a
wildfire-prone area. (Photo by Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post) (Tracy
Barbutes for The Washington Post)

(Tracy Barbutes for The Washington Post)

If done right, communities can be saved even as wildfires rage around them, said
Michele Steinberg, who directs wildfire outreach at the nonprofit National Fire
Protection Association. Homeowners in Christmas Valley, a nearby Firewise site,
spent a decade replacing wood roofs, and clearing dead and dying trees. It
allowed firefighters to defend the community from the 2021 Caldor Fire near Lake
Tahoe, without losing a single home.

But in Placer, Timmer said the county also had to “move faster and do more”:
Programs that once could take five years are now being done in 18 months, and
they’re no longer waiting for grants, but starting new programs even as they
apply for more funding.


WHAT CAN YOU DO?

Beyond looking up your city’s score, how can you tell you’re living in a
resilient community?

WHAT LEADERS DO

First, says Timmer, see if your local government cares enough to hire someone to
take on risks and talk to residents. It doesn’t have to be a chief resilience
officer. “Is there someone to call?” Timmer offered. “Does the county care
enough that they have staff whose job is just this? You know, that’s me.”

Then look hard at the decisions made by city leaders. Avoid places making bad
investments that don’t offer long-term protection, often called resilience
traps.

After Hurricane Katrina, most homes in New Orleans were rebuilt in the same
flood-prone places without accounting for the growing costs of pumps and levees
to defend them. “I don’t consider that an act of resilience,” said Stone at the
Georgia Institute of Technology, who advocates “retreat by design,” allowing
cities to reinvest in more defensible areas.

Instead, pick places investing in the future by making hard choices today. Take
Virginia Beach. In 2018, the city blocked developers from building on 50 swampy
acres arguing the homes were vulnerable to sea-level rise and promised massive
infrastructure expenses for the city. Voters doubled down by raising their
annual property taxes by about $150 for the typical home and issued a $568
million bond to combat rising seas. It passed with more than 70 percent support.

WHAT YOUR NEIGHBORS DO

And hard infrastructure isn’t everything. Resilience is much closer to home as
well. The strength of a community’s social ties predicts how well it will fare
in a crisis, said Michael Berkowitz, executive director of the University of
Miami’s Climate Resilience Academy, citing events ranging from the covid
pandemic to a 1995 heat wave in Chicago that killed at least 500 people, mostly
seniors. Despite Chicago enduring temperatures above 100 degrees for days, death
rates were far worse in neighborhoods where few neighbors knew each other,
commercial life was hollowed out and populations had collapsed amid
deindustrialization.

“Give me a disaster,” he said, “and I’ll show you how social cohesion will lead
to a more resilient outcome.”

WHAT YOU DO

Finally, no silver bullet exists to weather climate change. Resilience looks
different in every city because the risks are different.

While AlphaGeo’s customers use millions of data points to find the most
resilient properties, Khanna said, the typical homeowner can boil it down to
just a few factors: a strong economy; population growth; private reinvestment in
the community; stable insurance rates; and smart public investments to combat a
city’s top risk factors.

Finding a low-risk, high-resilience city is ideal, but “you could do much, much
worse than just having that handy dandy checklist of a few things,” he said,
even if you can’t get all of them. “It’s what we did to figure out where my
parents would live.”

They chose a retirement community near Sacramento.

It’s not risk free: Drought and wildlife pose a danger. But Khanna argued they
were lucky. Sacramento offered affordability along with good health care and
infrastructure, the kind of resilient community the United States will need more
of in the future.

MORE FROM THIS SERIES

PreviousNext
Column

Where climate change poses the most and least risk to American homeowners
Column

Everyone’s ignoring these investors’ warnings on climate risk. You shouldn’t.
Advice

See if your city is poised to bounce back from the next climate disaster

ABOUT THIS STORY

Climate risk and resilience scores provided by AlphaGeo are modeled for 2025
under the SSP245 emissions scenario. Scores on the climate risk map reflect the
combined risk from coastal flooding, inland flooding, wildfire, heat, drought
and hurricanes. Resilience scores are calculated using a combination of economic
and social indicators to show the ability to absorb climate impacts. State
average resilience scores were used for the New Haven metro area and the
counties of New Haven and Middlesex in Connecticut.

Edited by Monica Ulmanu, Juliet Eilperin, Dominique Hildebrand, Ana Campoy and
Feroze Dhanoa.

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143 Comments
Michael J. CorenMichael is a journalist writing the "Climate Coach" advice
column for The Washington Post. Before joining the Post in 2022, he spent nearly
two decades as a reporter and editor covering climate, technology, and economics
for outlets such as Quartz and CNN.com. He was also the managing editor of
Cambodia’s Phnom Penh Post. @mj_coren
Follow
Naema AhmedNaema Ahmed is a graphics reporter on The Washington Post's climate
and environment team. Before joining The Post, she worked at Axios as a data
visualization designer.@NaemaAhmed
Follow
Kevin CroweKevin Crowe is a Climate data reporter at The Washington Post. Before
joining The Post, he was an investigative data reporter at USA Today, where he
worked on stories about climate and housing. He earlier worked for the Milwaukee
Journal Sentinel, inewsource in San Diego and the St. Louis Post-Dispatch. He
works in Wisconsin and Puerto Rico. @kcrowebasspro
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If you click “I accept,” in addition to processing data using cookies and
similar technologies for the purposes to the right, you also agree we may
process the profile information you provide and your interactions with our
surveys and other interactive content for personalized advertising.

If you are an EU, Swiss, or UK resident and you do not accept, we will process
cookies and associated data for strictly necessary purposes and process
non-cookie data as set forth in our Privacy Policy (consistent with law and, if
applicable, other choices you have made).


WE AND OUR PARTNERS PROCESS COOKIE DATA TO PROVIDE:

Actively scan device characteristics for identification. Create profiles for
personalised advertising. Use profiles to select personalised advertising.
Create profiles to personalise content. Use profiles to select personalised
content. Measure advertising performance. Measure content performance.
Understand audiences through statistics or combinations of data from different
sources. Develop and improve services. Store and/or access information on a
device. Use limited data to select content. Use limited data to select
advertising. List of Partners (vendors)

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