xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com

Summary

This website contacted 4 IPs in 2 countries across 5 domains to perform 7 HTTP transactions. The main IP is 2606:50c0:8002::153, located in United States and belongs to FASTLY, US. The main domain is xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com.
TLS certificate: Issued by R11 on July 8th 2024. Valid for: 3 months.

This is the only time xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com was scanned on urlscan.io!

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

	IP Address	AS Autonomous System
4	2606:50c0:800... 2606:50c0:8002::153	54113 (FASTLY) (FASTLY)
1	78.47.177.120 78.47.177.120	24940 (HETZNER-AS) (HETZNER-AS)
1	2600:9000:275... 2600:9000:275b:2a00:1d:d7f6:39d3:d9e1	16509 (AMAZON-02) (AMAZON-02)
1 1	2606:4700:303... 2606:4700:3033::ac43:845c	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
1 1	2606:4700:20:... 2606:4700:20::681a:614	13335 (CLOUDFLAR...) (CLOUDFLARENET)
1	34.73.158.243 34.73.158.243	396982 (GOOGLE-CL...) (GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM)
7	4

4 2606:50c0:8002::153 (United States)

ASN54113 (FASTLY, US)

xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 78.47.177.120 (Germany)

ASN24940 (HETZNER-AS, DE)
PTR: ganymede.siacs.eu

conversations.im	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2600:9000:275b:2a00:1d:d7f6:39d3:d9e1 (United States)

ASN16509 (AMAZON-02, US)

images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2606:4700:3033::ac43:845c (United States) 1 redirects

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

travis-ci.org	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 2606:4700:20::681a:614 (United States) 1 redirects

ASN13335 (CLOUDFLARENET, US)

app.travis-ci.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

1 34.73.158.243 (North Charleston, United States)

ASN396982 (GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM, US)
PTR: 243.158.73.34.bc.googleusercontent.com

api.travis-ci.com	Domain lookup VirusTotal SecurityTrails crt.sh Censys Domaintools

	Apex Domain Subdomains	Transfer
4	kdjstudios.com xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com	10 KB
2	travis-ci.com 1 redirects app.travis-ci.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 414658 api.travis-ci.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 379324	1 KB
1	travis-ci.org 1 redirects travis-ci.org — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 358513	532 B
1	ssl-images-amazon.com images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 922	5 KB
1	conversations.im conversations.im — Cisco Umbrella Rank: 749691	8 KB
7	5

	Domain	Requested by
4	xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com	xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
1	api.travis-ci.com	xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
1	app.travis-ci.com	1 redirects
1	travis-ci.org	1 redirects
1	images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com	xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
1	conversations.im	xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
7	6

This site contains links to these domains. Also see Links.

Domain
github.com
play.google.com
a.co
travis-ci.org
kdjstudios.com

Subject Issuer	Validity	Valid
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com R11	`2024-07-08` - `2024-10-06`	3 months	crt.sh
conversations.im R3	`2024-05-23` - `2024-08-21`	3 months	crt.sh
images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com DigiCert Global CA G2	`2024-01-05` - `2024-12-08`	a year	crt.sh

This page contains 1 frames:

Primary Page: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Frame ID: 1E37E5C2341E0DB05F61060242B2227B
Requests: 7 HTTP requests in this frame

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

Page Title

XMPP Jabber Client | A amazing free and open source client for android.

Detected technologies

Jekyll (Static Site Generator) Expand

Overall confidence: 100%
Detected patterns

<!-- Begin Jekyll SEO tag

Page Statistics

7
Requests

86 %
HTTPS

67 %
IPv6

5
Domains

6
Subdomains

4
IPs

2
Countries

24 kB
Transfer

34 kB
Size

0
Cookies

10 Outgoing links

These are links going to different origins than the main page.

URL: https://github.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient
Title: View the Project on GitHub

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://github.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient/zipball/master
Title: Download ZIP File

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://github.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient/tarball/master
Title: Download TAR Ball

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.KDJStudios.XMPPJabberClient

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: http://a.co/0nId7Og

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://travis-ci.org/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://github.com/siacs/Conversations
Title: Source Code

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: http://kdjstudios.com/contact.html
Title: Click Here

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://github.com/TheKyleJohnson90
Title: TheKyleJohnson90

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

URL: https://github.com/orderedlist
Title: orderedlist

Search URL Search Domain Scan URL

Redirected requests

There were HTTP redirect chains for the following requests:

Request Chain 4

https://travis-ci.org/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master HTTP 301
https://app.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master HTTP 301
https://api.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master

7 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions

Method
Protocol Status Resource
Path Size
x-fer Time
Latency Type
MIME-Type IP
Location

GET
H2 200 Primary Request / Show response
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/ 7 KB
3 KB 179ms
120ms Document
text/html 2606:50c0:8002::153
FASTLY

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:50c0:8002::153 , United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: GitHub.com /
Resource Hash: e0858fbafdd0f4f73e0e70191c199508150b6a879f01c627cc4d7ed083ecc4a6

Request headers

Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

accept-ranges: bytes
access-control-allow-origin: *
age: 0
cache-control: max-age=600
content-encoding: gzip
content-length: 2562
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:06 GMT
etag: W/"5ad8133f-1b39"
expires: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:20:06 GMT
last-modified: Thu, 19 Apr 2018 03:55:43 GMT
server: GitHub.com
vary: Accept-Encoding
via: 1.1 varnish
x-cache: MISS
x-cache-hits: 0
x-fastly-request-id: 234ac0b2992264a2cb84c03135613602cc871667
x-github-request-id: E92F:8619C:263C747:2759B5D:668BD71E
x-proxy-cache: MISS
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230139-FRA
x-timer: S1720440607.692002,VS0,VE101

GET
H2 200 style.css
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/assets/css/ 5 KB
2 KB 128ms
127ms Stylesheet
text/css 2606:50c0:8002::153
FASTLY

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/assets/css/style.css?v=074dce91a246f8c58aa43016714e54115d3c5fda
Requested by: Host: xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:50c0:8002::153 , United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: GitHub.com /
Resource Hash: ede701caa26db80cc2dfd141164e848d4948b0a438b2497b82891adad7ae1353

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: 4cc57df47e281d46ea011b2b404f6c22a656e9ee
date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:06 GMT
content-encoding: gzip
via: 1.1 varnish
x-cache-hits: 0
age: 0
x-cache: MISS
x-proxy-cache: MISS
content-length: 1609
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230139-FRA
last-modified: Thu, 19 Apr 2018 03:55:43 GMT
server: GitHub.com
x-github-request-id: AD4E:317377:249AA2F:25AB722:668BD71E
x-timer: S1720440607.817029,VS0,VE106
etag: W/"5ad8133f-12ca"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: text/css; charset=utf-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=600
accept-ranges: bytes
expires: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:20:06 GMT

GET
H2 200 scale.fix.js Show response
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/assets/js/ 503 B
498 B 133ms
132ms Script
application/javascript 2606:50c0:8002::153
FASTLY

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/assets/js/scale.fix.js
Requested by: Host: xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2606:50c0:8002::153 , United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: GitHub.com /
Resource Hash: a9f4e404ccdbfa36a52d8c4a987dd047e9ad90c0314f0d161b00c5eec14551ed

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: 7715b031f2170ef52299765a92d70b01e707bf21
date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:06 GMT
content-encoding: gzip
via: 1.1 varnish
x-cache-hits: 0
age: 0
x-cache: MISS
x-proxy-cache: MISS
content-length: 306
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230139-FRA
last-modified: Thu, 19 Apr 2018 03:55:40 GMT
server: GitHub.com
x-github-request-id: 9679:114F0F:252A626:264747C:668BD71E
x-timer: S1720440607.817177,VS0,VE112
etag: W/"5ad8133c-1f7"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: application/javascript; charset=utf-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=600
accept-ranges: bytes
expires: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:20:06 GMT

GET
H/1.1 200
OK en-play-badge.png
conversations.im/images/ 8 KB
8 KB 95ms
28ms Image
image/png 78.47.177.120
HETZNER-AS

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://conversations.im/images/en-play-badge.png
Requested by: Host: xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Protocol: HTTP/1.1
Security: TLS 1.2, ECDHE_RSA, AES_256_GCM
Server: 78.47.177.120 , Germany, ASN24940 (HETZNER-AS, DE),
Reverse DNS: ganymede.siacs.eu
Software: nginx/1.14.2 /
Resource Hash: 12dfa91968f927e3a432dc73971dbad36e6d6f45a7844ecf4fedb82177b346ac

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

Date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:06 GMT
Last-Modified: Sun, 06 May 2018 13:55:35 GMT
Server: nginx/1.14.2
ETag: "5aef0957-1e36"
Content-Type: image/png
Connection: keep-alive
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Content-Length: 7734

GET
H2 200 amazon-apps-store-us-black.png
images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/G/01/AmazonMobileApps/ 4 KB
5 KB 107ms
21ms Image
image/png 2600:9000:275b:2a00:1d:d7f6:39d3:d9e1
AMAZON-02

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL: https://images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com/images/G/01/AmazonMobileApps/amazon-apps-store-us-black.png
Requested by: Host: xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
Protocol: H2
Security: TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM
Server: 2600:9000:275b:2a00:1d:d7f6:39d3:d9e1 , United States, ASN16509 (AMAZON-02, US),
Reverse DNS
Software: Server /
Resource Hash: c05d44b74d52c4829788073dca49c50c236a812e55b23a1145e38d4f7d772cdf

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 11:10:08 GMT
via: 1.1 21f03f5333352c6494e837ba1b3bb6ce.cloudfront.net (CloudFront)
age: 75154
x-amz-cf-pop: FRA60-P7
edge-cache-tag: x-cache-471,/images/G/01/AmazonMobileApps/amazon-apps-store-us-black
x-nginx-cache-status: HIT
x-cache: Hit from cloudfront
server-timing: provider;desc="cf"
alt-svc: h3=":443"; ma=86400
content-length: 4408
surrogate-key: x-cache-471 /images/G/01/AmazonMobileApps/amazon-apps-store-us-black
last-modified: Thu, 13 Dec 2012 17:27:20 GMT
server: Server
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: image/png
access-control-allow-origin: *
cache-control: max-age=86400,public
x-amz-ir-id: dadbab7e-5920-4e56-b1a1-25379b8192c2
accept-ranges: bytes
timing-allow-origin: https://www.amazon.com
x-amz-cf-id: qyKuEaaIVz4A1y5PMbi4qxWTt55KgXpLvufLjmAbD2tjA43N4VvN8g==
expires: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 07:26:06 GMT

GET
H2

200

XMPPJabberClient.svg
api.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/
Redirect Chain

https://travis-ci.org/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master
https://app.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master
https://api.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master

730 B
926 B

421ms
125ms

Image
image/svg+xml

34.73.158.243
GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLAT...

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to Show image

Full URL

https://api.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master

Requested by

Host: xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/

Protocol

H2

Server

34.73.158.243 North Charleston, United States, ASN396982 (GOOGLE-CLOUD-PLATFORM, US),

Reverse DNS

243.158.73.34.bc.googleusercontent.com

Software

/

Resource Hash

4eb903681f04f8d1fa42710f2fc7d5c7df6f1e0aced01eb40a8a7870eba17024

Security Headers

Name	Value
Strict-Transport-Security	max-age=15724800; includeSubDomains

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-oauth-scopes: public
date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:07 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=15724800; includeSubDomains
content-encoding: gzip
content-disposition: inline; filename="unknown.svg"
x-accepted-oauth-scopes: public
x-request-id: 9c7c79dce59d40ae289a3d5606b6dfb7
pragma: no-cache
last-modified: Tue, 11 Jun 2024 10:12:47 GMT
vary: Accept,Accept-Encoding
content-type: image/svg+xml
access-control-allow-origin: *
access-control-expose-headers: Content-Type, Cache-Control, Expires, Etag, Last-Modified, X-Request-ID
cache-control: no-cache
access-control-allow-credentials: true
x-endpoint: Travis::Api::App::Endpoint::RepoStatus
x-pattern: /:owner_name/:name
expires: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:07 GMT

Redirect headers

date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:07 GMT
strict-transport-security: max-age=15724800; includeSubDomains
x-content-type-options: nosniff
cf-cache-status: MISS
nel: {"success_fraction":0,"report_to":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
server: cloudflare
x-frame-options: SAMEORIGIN
report-to: {"endpoints":[{"url":"https:\/\/a.nel.cloudflare.com\/report\/v4?s=%2FjvyG%2FrP3UHoQkp3CiVlIQ6HDGRnjNcrRvkhXBTq7%2BRb%2F0VtdJnlPFnL%2BdW6IC%2BKK%2F2E5e0lfTQsgT%2BA4xFXxCGc%2BB%2FsWxzh0rBvKXXMOnt4HZVhU5gLHuKQDWPcVd6bVm6AzLDkkFRAgKzoM3V2"}],"group":"cf-nel","max_age":604800}
content-type: text/html;charset=utf-8
location: https://api.travis-ci.com/TheKyleJohnson90/XMPPJabberClient.svg?branch=master
cache-control: max-age=14400
vary: Accept-Encoding
cf-ray: 89fff8221d2a4d7c-FRA
x-xss-protection: 1; mode=block

GET
H2 404 favicon.ico
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/ 9 KB
5 KB 126ms
126ms Other
text/html 2606:50c0:8002::153
FASTLY

General

Check archive.org

Show headers Download Go to

Full URL

https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/favicon.ico

Protocol

H2

Security

TLS 1.3, , AES_128_GCM

Server

2606:50c0:8002::153 , United States, ASN54113 (FASTLY, US),

Reverse DNS

Software

GitHub.com /

Resource Hash

b620507312c5e97566a3c6cfaf99144fefc18a0da7d941401dfa0f5f58fb0368

Security Headers

Name	Value
Content-Security-Policy	default-src 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; img-src data:; connect-src 'self'

Request headers

Referer: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/126.0.0.0 Safari/537.36

Response headers

x-fastly-request-id: 6dc4277612d35e6995c46888bfd6fa1017161959
content-security-policy: default-src 'none'; style-src 'unsafe-inline'; img-src data:; connect-src 'self'
content-encoding: gzip
via: 1.1 varnish
date: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 12:10:08 GMT
age: 0
x-cache: MISS
x-cache-hits: 0
content-length: 5254
x-served-by: cache-fra-eddf8230139-FRA
server: GitHub.com
x-github-request-id: 2640:3A785E:16E078:176CEB:668BD71F
x-timer: S1720440608.945873,VS0,VE104
etag: W/"64cd02b0-24a3"
vary: Accept-Encoding
content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8
access-control-allow-origin: *
accept-ranges: bytes
x-proxy-cache: MISS

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

1 JavaScript Global Variables

These are the non-standard "global" variables defined on the window object. These can be helpful in identifying possible client-side frameworks and code.

function| fixScale

0 Cookies

Cookies are little pieces of information stored in the browser of a user. Whenever a user visits the site again, he will also send his cookie values, thus allowing the website to re-identify him even if he changed locations. This is how permanent logins work.

1 Console Messages

A page may trigger messages to the console to be logged. These are often error messages about being unable to load a resource or execute a piece of JavaScript. Sometimes they also provide insight into the technology behind a website.

Source	Level	URL Text
network	error	URL: https://xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com/favicon.ico Message: Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 404 ()

Indicators

This is a term in the security industry to describe indicators such as IPs, Domains, Hashes, etc. This does not imply that any of these indicate malicious activity.

api.travis-ci.com
app.travis-ci.com
conversations.im
images-na.ssl-images-amazon.com
travis-ci.org
xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com
2600:9000:275b:2a00:1d:d7f6:39d3:d9e1
2606:4700:20::681a:614
2606:4700:3033::ac43:845c
2606:50c0:8002::153
34.73.158.243
78.47.177.120
12dfa91968f927e3a432dc73971dbad36e6d6f45a7844ecf4fedb82177b346ac
4eb903681f04f8d1fa42710f2fc7d5c7df6f1e0aced01eb40a8a7870eba17024
a9f4e404ccdbfa36a52d8c4a987dd047e9ad90c0314f0d161b00c5eec14551ed
b620507312c5e97566a3c6cfaf99144fefc18a0da7d941401dfa0f5f58fb0368
c05d44b74d52c4829788073dca49c50c236a812e55b23a1145e38d4f7d772cdf
e0858fbafdd0f4f73e0e70191c199508150b6a879f01c627cc4d7ed083ecc4a6
ede701caa26db80cc2dfd141164e848d4948b0a438b2497b82891adad7ae1353

xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com Open in urlscan Pro 2606:50c0:8002::153 Public Scan

Summary

urlscan.io Verdict: No classification

Domain & IP information

Screenshot Live screenshot Full Image

Page Title

Detected technologies

Page Statistics

7 Requests

86 %HTTPS

67 %IPv6

5 Domains

6 Subdomains

4 IPs

2 Countries

24 kBTransfer

34 kBSize

0 Cookies

10 Outgoing links

Redirected requests

7 HTTP transactions Everything HTML Script AJAX CSS Image Expand all 0 data transactions

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Request headers

Response headers

Redirect headers

Request headers

Response headers

Verdicts & Comments Add Verdict or Comment

1 JavaScript Global Variables

0 Cookies

1 Console Messages

Indicators

xmppjabberclient.kdjstudios.com Open in urlscan Pro
2606:50c0:8002::153 Public Scan

Screenshot
Live screenshot

Full Image

7
Requests

86 %
HTTPS

67 %
IPv6

5
Domains

6
Subdomains

4
IPs

2
Countries

24 kB
Transfer

34 kB
Size

0
Cookies

7 HTTP transactions
0 data transactions