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Sign In to the Console
 1. AWS
 2. ...
 3. Documentation
 4. Elastic Load Balancing
 5. Application Load Balancers


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Elastic Load Balancing
Application Load Balancers
 * What is an Application Load Balancer?
 * Getting started
 * Tutorial: Create an Application Load Balancer using the AWS CLI
 * Load balancers
    * Create a load balancer
    * Update Availability Zones
    * Update security groups
    * Update the address type
    * Update tags
    * Delete a load balancer

 * Listeners
    * Create an HTTP listener
    * Create an HTTPS listener
    * Update listener rules
    * Update an HTTPS listener
    * Authenticate users
    * X-forwarded headers
    * Delete a listener

 * Target groups
    * Create a target group
    * Configure health checks
    * Register targets
    * Sticky sessions
    * Lambda functions as targets
    * Update tags
    * Delete a target group

 * Monitor your load balancers
    * CloudWatch metrics
    * Access logs
    * Request tracing
    * CloudTrail logs

 * Troubleshoot your load balancers
 * Quotas
 * Document history


Create an HTTPS listener for your Application Load Balancer - Elastic Load
Balancing
AWSDocumentationElastic Load BalancingApplication Load Balancers
SSL certificatesSecurity policiesAdd an HTTPS listenerUpdate an HTTPS listener


CREATE AN HTTPS LISTENER FOR YOUR APPLICATION LOAD BALANCER

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A listener is a process that checks for connection requests. You define a
listener when you create your load balancer, and you can add listeners to your
load balancer at any time.

You can create an HTTPS listener, which uses encrypted connections (also known
as SSL offload). This feature enables traffic encryption between your load
balancer and the clients that initiate SSL or TLS sessions.

The information on this page helps you create an HTTPS listener for your load
balancer. To add an HTTP listener to your load balancer, see Create an HTTP
listener for your Application Load Balancer.

Contents

 * SSL certificates
   * Default certificate
   * Certificate list
   * Certificate renewal
 * Security policies
   * FS supported policies
   * TLS security policies
 * Add an HTTPS listener
 * Update an HTTPS listener


SSL CERTIFICATES

To use an HTTPS listener, you must deploy at least one SSL/TLS server
certificate on your load balancer. The load balancer uses a server certificate
to terminate the front-end connection and then decrypt requests from clients
before sending them to the targets.

The load balancer requires X.509 certificates (SSL/TLS server certificates).
Certificates are a digital form of identification issued by a certificate
authority (CA). A certificate contains identification information, a validity
period, a public key, a serial number, and the digital signature of the issuer.

When you create a certificate for use with your load balancer, you must specify
a domain name.

We recommend that you create certificates for your load balancer using AWS
Certificate Manager (ACM). ACM supports RSA certificates with 2048, 3072, and
4096-bit key lengths, and all ECDSA certificates. ACM integrates with Elastic
Load Balancing so that you can deploy the certificate on your load balancer. For
more information, see the AWS Certificate Manager User Guide.

Alternatively, you can use SSL/TLS tools to create a certificate signing request
(CSR), then get the CSR signed by a CA to produce a certificate, then import the
certificate into ACM or upload the certificate to AWS Identity and Access
Management (IAM). For more information about importing certificates into ACM,
see Importing certificates in the AWS Certificate Manager User Guide. For more
information about uploading certificates to IAM, see Working with server
certificates in the IAM User Guide.


DEFAULT CERTIFICATE

When you create an HTTPS listener, you must specify exactly one certificate.
This certificate is known as the default certificate. You can replace the
default certificate after you create the HTTPS listener. For more information,
see Replace the default certificate.

If you specify additional certificates in a certificate list, the default
certificate is used only if a client connects without using the Server Name
Indication (SNI) protocol to specify a hostname or if there are no matching
certificates in the certificate list.

If you do not specify additional certificates but need to host multiple secure
applications through a single load balancer, you can use a wildcard certificate
or add a Subject Alternative Name (SAN) for each additional domain to your
certificate.


CERTIFICATE LIST

After you create an HTTPS listener, it has a default certificate and an empty
certificate list. You can optionally add certificates to the certificate list
for the listener. Using a certificate list enables the load balancer to support
multiple domains on the same port and provide a different certificate for each
domain. For more information, see Add certificates to the certificate list.

The load balancer uses a smart certificate selection algorithm with support for
SNI. If the hostname provided by a client matches a single certificate in the
certificate list, the load balancer selects this certificate. If a hostname
provided by a client matches multiple certificates in the certificate list, the
load balancer selects the best certificate that the client can support.
Certificate selection is based on the following criteria in the following order:

 * Public key algorithm (prefer ECDSA over RSA)

 * Hashing algorithm (prefer SHA over MD5)

 * Key length (prefer the largest)

 * Validity period

The load balancer access log entries indicate the hostname specified by the
client and the certificate presented to the client. For more information, see
Access log entries.


CERTIFICATE RENEWAL

Each certificate comes with a validity period. You must ensure that you renew or
replace each certificate for your load balancer before its validity period ends.
This includes the default certificate and certificates in a certificate list.
Renewing or replacing a certificate does not affect in-flight requests that were
received by the load balancer node and are pending routing to a healthy target.
After a certificate is renewed, new requests use the renewed certificate. After
a certificate is replaced, new requests use the new certificate.

You can manage certificate renewal and replacement as follows:

 * Certificates provided by AWS Certificate Manager and deployed on your load
   balancer can be renewed automatically. ACM attempts to renew certificates
   before they expire. For more information, see Managed renewal in the AWS
   Certificate Manager User Guide.

 * If you imported a certificate into ACM, you must monitor the expiration date
   of the certificate and renew it before it expires. For more information, see
   Importing certificates in the AWS Certificate Manager User Guide.

 * If you imported a certificate into IAM, you must create a new certificate,
   import the new certificate to ACM or IAM, add the new certificate to your
   load balancer, and remove the expired certificate from your load balancer.


SECURITY POLICIES

Elastic Load Balancing uses a Secure Socket Layer (SSL) negotiation
configuration, known as a security policy, to negotiate SSL connections between
a client and the load balancer. A security policy is a combination of protocols
and ciphers. The protocol establishes a secure connection between a client and a
server and ensures that all data passed between the client and your load
balancer is private. A cipher is an encryption algorithm that uses encryption
keys to create a coded message. Protocols use several ciphers to encrypt data
over the internet. During the connection negotiation process, the client and the
load balancer present a list of ciphers and protocols that they each support, in
order of preference. By default, the first cipher on the server's list that
matches any one of the client's ciphers is selected for the secure connection.

Application Load Balancers do not support SSL renegotiation for client or target
connections.

When you create a TLS listener, you must select a security policy. You can
update the security policy as needed. For more information, see Update the
security policy.

You can choose the security policy that is used for front-end connections. The
ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08 security policy is always used for backend
connections. Application Load Balancers do not support custom security policies.

Elastic Load Balancing provides the following security policies for Application
Load Balancers:

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08 (default)

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-0-2015-04

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-1-2017-01

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-2017-01

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS-1-2-Ext-2018-06

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-FS-2018-06

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-FS-1-1-2019-08

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-FS-1-2-2019-08

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-FS-1-2-Res-2019-08

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-2015-05 (identical to ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08)

 * ELBSecurityPolicy-FS-1-2-Res-2020-10

We recommend the ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08 policy for compatibility. You can use
one of the ELBSecurityPolicy-FS policies if you require Forward Secrecy (FS).
You can use one of the ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS policies to meet compliance and
security standards that require disabling certain TLS protocol versions, or to
support legacy clients that require deprecated ciphers. Only a small percentage
of internet clients require TLS version 1.0. To view the TLS protocol version
for requests to your load balancer, enable access logging for your load balancer
and examine the access logs. For more information, see Access Logs.


FS SUPPORTED POLICIES

The following table describes the default policy, ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08, and
the ELBSecurityPolicy-FS policies. The ELBSecurityPolicy- has been removed from
policy names in the heading row so that they fit.

Security policies TLS Protocols

Protocol-TLSv1

✓ ✓

Protocol-TLSv1.1

✓ ✓ ✓

Protocol-TLSv1.2

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ TLS Ciphers

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓

AES128-SHA256

✓

AES128-SHA

✓

AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓

AES256-SHA256

✓

AES256-SHA

✓


TLS SECURITY POLICIES

The following table describes the default policy, ELBSecurityPolicy-2016-08, and
the ELBSecurityPolicy-TLS policies. The ELBSecurityPolicy- has been removed from
policy names in the heading row so that they fit.

Security policies TLS Protocols

Protocol-TLSv1

✓ ✓

Protocol-TLSv1.1

✓ ✓ ✓

Protocol-TLSv1.2

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ TLS Ciphers

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES128-GCM-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES128-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES128-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES256-GCM-SHA384

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES256-SHA256

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

AES256-SHA

✓ ✓ ✓ ✓

DES-CBC3-SHA

✓

* Do not use this policy unless you must support a legacy client that requires
the DES-CBC3-SHA cipher, which is a weak cipher.

To view the configuration of a security policy for Application Load Balancers
using the AWS CLI, use the describe-ssl-policies command.


ADD AN HTTPS LISTENER

You configure a listener with a protocol and a port for connections from clients
to the load balancer, and a target group for the default listener rule. For more
information, see Listener configuration.

Prerequisites

 * To add a forward action to the default listener rule, you must specify an
   available target group. For more information, see Create a target group.

 * To create an HTTPS listener, you must specify a certificate and a security
   policy. The load balancer uses the certificate to terminate the connection
   and decrypt requests from clients before routing them to targets. The load
   balancer uses the security policy when negotiating SSL connections with the
   clients.

To add an HTTPS listener using the console

 1.  Open the Amazon EC2 console at https://console.aws.amazon.com/ec2/.

 2.  On the navigation pane, under LOAD BALANCING, choose Load Balancers.

 3.  Select a load balancer, and choose Listeners, Add listener.

 4.  For Protocol : port, choose HTTPS and keep the default port or enter a
     different port.

 5.  (Optional) To authenticate users, for Default actions, choose Add action,
     Authenticate and provide the requested information. To save the action,
     choose the checkmark icon. For more information, see Authenticate users
     using an Application Load Balancer.

 6.  For Default actions, do one of the following:
     
     * Choose Add action, Forward to and choose a target group.
     
     * Choose Add action, Redirect to and provide the URL for the redirect. For
       more information, see Redirect actions.
     
     * Choose Add action, Return fixed response and provide a response code and
       optional response body. For more information, see Fixed-response actions.
     
     To save the action, choose the checkmark icon.

 7.  For Security policy, we recommend that you keep the default security
     policy.

 8.  For Default SSL certificate, do one of the following:
     
      * If you created or imported a certificate using AWS Certificate Manager,
        choose From ACM and choose the certificate.
     
      * If you uploaded a certificate using IAM, choose From IAM and choose the
        certificate.

 9.  Choose Save.

 10. (Optional) To define additional listener rules that forward requests based
     on a path pattern or a hostname, see Add a rule.

 11. (Optional) To add a certificate list for use with the SNI protocol, see Add
     certificates to the certificate list.

To add an HTTPS listener using the AWS CLI

Use the create-listener command to create the listener and default rule, and the
create-rule command to define additional listener rules.


UPDATE AN HTTPS LISTENER

After you create an HTTPS listener, you can replace the default certificate,
update the certificate list, or replace the security policy. For more
information, see Update an HTTPS listener for your Application Load Balancer.

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On this page
 * SSL certificates
 * Security policies
 * Add an HTTPS listener
 * Update an HTTPS listener