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June 6, 2024


D-DAY: WHEN THE TIDE TURNED

Eighty years ago today, U.S., British, and Canadian forces simultaneously landed
on five beachheads in western Europe—code-named Omaha, Gold, Juno, Sword, and
Utah—in a mission that marked a turning point in World War II. By the end of
August all of Nazi-occupied northern France was liberated, and the invading
forces reorganized for the drive into Germany, where they would eventually meet
with Soviet forces advancing from the east to bring an end to the Nazi Reich.
Explore the Normandy Invasion in this Comprehensive Portal
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PHANTOM ARMADA

In the run-up to the Normandy Invasion, Allied forces employed a classic wartime
deception: amass a fake army. Operation Fortitude—one of many interlocking
deception operations and suboperations—used a variety of tactics to direct Nazi
Germany’s attention away from Normandy. Here’s more on this often unsung
operation.
Misdirection
The goal of Operation Fortitude was to make Nazi Germany believe that the Allies
were poised to attack Norway and the Pas-de-Calais region of France. To sell the
deception, the Allies employed a fictitious army known as the First U.S. Army
Group, made up of thousands of fake tanks and airplanes as well as decoy
buildings and other infrastructure on England’s southeast coast.
Disinformation
The U.S. command then announced that Gen. George S. Patton—the most feared and
respected general by the German high command—would lead this fictitious army.
The Allies generated fake radio transmissions to deceive the Germans into
thinking that an invasion would take place at Calais in mid-July. And they used
double-agents to feed this information to Nazi Germany.
Seeing is believing
The Allies also allowed German reconnaissance aircraft to photograph the site of
their ghost army. By this point in the war, the Allies had cracked the Enigma
code as well as another German encryption system, which meant they could monitor
the false info they were pushing, and assess its effects.



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