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Tunisia Faqs



 * 

Tunisia Faqs




TUNISIA FAQS

Tunisia, officially known as the Republic of Tunisia, is a country located in
North Africa. It is located on the Mediterranean coast, bordered by Algeria to
the west and Libya to the southeast. Tunisia’s geographic coordinates range from
approximately 30° to 37°N latitude and 7° to 12°E longitude.

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GEOGRAPHY

CLIMATE

Tunisia has a Mediterranean climate, characterized by hot, dry summers and mild,
wet winters. Inland regions experience more extreme temperatures, with desert
areas in the south reaching scorching highs. The coastal regions enjoy milder
temperatures, making them popular tourist destinations.

FAUNA

Tunisia is home to a diverse array of wildlife, including mammals such as the
Barbary macaque, the North African hedgehog, and the fennec fox. The country’s
avifauna includes various species of birds of prey, waterfowl, and migratory
birds. The coastal waters support marine life such as dolphins, sea turtles, and
a variety of fish species.

LONGEST RIVERS

The Medjerda River is the longest river in Tunisia, stretching approximately 460
kilometers (286 miles) from its source in the Atlas Mountains to its mouth at
the Gulf of Tunis. The river plays a crucial role in the country’s agriculture
and economy, supporting irrigation and hydroelectric power generation.

HIGHEST MOUNTAINS

The highest peak in Tunisia is Jebel ech Chambi, located in the Atlas Mountains
near the Algerian border. Jebel ech Chambi rises to an elevation of
approximately 1,544 meters (5,066 feet) above sea level, offering stunning views
of the surrounding landscape.


HISTORY

Prehistory

Tunisia has a rich history dating back thousands of years, with evidence of
human habitation since the Paleolithic era. The region was inhabited by various
ancient civilizations, including the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, and
Vandals. Carthage, founded by the Phoenicians in the 9th century BCE, became a
major power in the Mediterranean.

Roman and Byzantine Period

Tunisia flourished under Roman rule, with cities such as Carthage, Dougga, and
Bulla Regia becoming important centers of trade and culture. The region was
known as the breadbasket of Rome, exporting grain, olive oil, and other
commodities to the rest of the empire. Christianity spread throughout the region
during the Roman and Byzantine periods.

Arab Conquest and Islamic Civilization

In the 7th century CE, Arab conquerors brought Islam to Tunisia, establishing a
new era of Islamic civilization. The city of Kairouan became a major center of
Islamic learning and culture, with its Great Mosque serving as a symbol of the
country’s religious heritage. Tunisia was ruled by various Islamic dynasties,
including the Aghlabids, Fatimids, and Hafsids.

Ottoman and French Rule

Tunisia came under Ottoman rule in the 16th century and remained part of the
Ottoman Empire until the late 19th century. In 1881, Tunisia became a French
protectorate, marking the beginning of French colonial rule. The country gained
independence from France in 1956, establishing the Republic of Tunisia.

Modern Age

Since independence, Tunisia has undergone significant political, social, and
economic changes. The country has transitioned to a democratic system of
government, with periodic elections and a multi-party political landscape.
Tunisia has made strides in areas such as education, healthcare, and women’s
rights, although challenges remain.


DEMOGRAPHICS

Tunisia has a population of approximately 11.7 million people, with a diverse
mix of ethnicities and cultures. The majority of the population is Arab-Berber,
with significant influences from European, African, and Middle Eastern peoples.
Islam is the predominant religion, practiced by the vast majority of Tunisians,
while there are also small Christian and Jewish communities.


ADMINISTRATIVE DIVISIONS

Tunisia is divided into 24 governorates (wilayat), which are further subdivided
into delegations (mutamadiyat). Here are the administrative divisions along with
their respective populations:

 1.  Tunis – Population: 1,070,000
 2.  Sfax – Population: 956,000
 3.  Sousse – Population: 717,000
 4.  Kairouan – Population: 570,000
 5.  Gabes – Population: 532,000
 6.  Bizerte – Population: 565,000
 7.  Ariana – Population: 609,000
 8.  Gafsa – Population: 342,000
 9.  Manouba – Population: 378,000
 10. Medenine – Population: 583,000
 11. Monastir – Population: 548,000
 12. Nabeul – Population: 801,000
 13. Tataouine – Population: 149,000
 14. Tozeur – Population: 128,000
 15. Kasserine – Population: 458,000
 16. Kebili – Population: 160,000
 17. Jendouba – Population: 400,000
 18. Zaghouan – Population: 176,000
 19. Beja – Population: 304,000
 20. Siliana – Population: 312,000
 21. Mahdia – Population: 424,000
 22. Kef – Population: 259,000
 23. Kef – Population: 259,000
 24. Tunis – Population: 1,070,000

10 LARGEST CITIES BY POPULATION

The largest cities in Tunisia by population are:

 1.  Tunis
 2.  Sfax
 3.  Sousse
 4.  Kairouan
 5.  Gabes
 6.  Bizerte
 7.  Ariana
 8.  Gafsa
 9.  Manouba
 10. Medenine


EDUCATION SYSTEMS

Education in Tunisia is free and compulsory for children between the ages of 6
and 16. The country has a well-developed education system, with both public and
private schools at all levels. Tunisian universities, such as the University of
Tunis and the University of Sfax, offer a wide range of undergraduate and
graduate programs.


TRANSPORTATION

AIRPORTS

Tunisia has eight international airports, with Tunis-Carthage International
Airport being the busiest and most important. Other major airports include
Djerba-Zarzis International Airport, Monastir-Habib Bourguiba International
Airport, and Sfax–Thyna International Airport.

RAILWAYS

The Tunisian railway network, operated by Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer
Tunisiens (SNCFT), spans approximately 2,165 kilometers (1,345 miles) and
connects major cities such as Tunis, Sfax, and Gabes. The railway system plays a
vital role in both passenger and freight transportation.

HIGHWAYS

Tunisia has a well-developed road network, with highways connecting major cities
and regions across the country. The total length of paved roads in Tunisia is
approximately 20,000 kilometers (12,400 miles), facilitating efficient
transportation and commerce.

PORTS

The Port of Tunis is the largest and busiest port in Tunisia, handling the
majority of the country’s maritime trade. Other major ports include the Port of
Bizerte, the Port of Sfax, and the Port of Rades. These ports serve as vital
gateways for imports and exports, contributing significantly to Tunisia’s
economy.


COUNTRY FACTS

 * Population: 11.7 million
 * Capital: Tunis
 * Language: Arabic (official), French (lingua franca)
 * Religion: Islam (predominantly Sunni)
 * Race: Arab-Berber, European, African
 * Currency: Tunisian Dinar (TND)
 * ISO Country Codes: TN, TUN
 * International Calling Code: +216
 * Top-Level Domain: .tn




 




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