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CERN ACCELERATING SCIENCE

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THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting
magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the
particles along the way.


LHC tunnel pt1 various angle (Image: CERN)


THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting
magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the
particles along the way.


LHC tunnel pt1 various angle (Image: CERN)


THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting
magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the
particles along the way.


LHC tunnel pt1 various angle (Image: CERN)


THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting
magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the
particles along the way.


LHC tunnel pt1 various angle (Image: CERN)


THE LARGE HADRON COLLIDER

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It consists of a 27-kilometre ring of superconducting
magnets with a number of accelerating structures to boost the energy of the
particles along the way.


LHC tunnel pt1 various angle (Image: CERN)
prev
next



The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world’s largest and most powerful
particle accelerator. It first started up on 10 September 2008, and remains the
latest addition to CERN’s accelerator complex. The LHC consists of a
27-kilometre ring of superconducting magnets with a number of accelerating
structures to boost the energy of the particles along the way.

(Image: Anna Pantelia/CERN)

Inside the accelerator, two high-energy particle beams travel at close to the
speed of light before they are made to collide. The beams travel in opposite
directions in separate beam pipes – two tubes kept at ultrahigh vacuum. They are
guided around the accelerator ring by a strong magnetic field maintained by
superconducting electromagnets. The electromagnets are built from coils of
special electric cable that operates in a superconducting state, efficiently
conducting electricity without resistance or loss of energy. This requires
chilling the magnets to ‑271.3°C – a temperature colder than outer space. For
this reason, much of the accelerator is connected to a distribution system of
liquid helium, which cools the magnets, as well as to other supply services.

Replacing one of the LHC's dipole magnets (Image: Maximilien Brice/CERN)

Thousands of magnets of different varieties and sizes are used to direct the
beams around the accelerator. These include 1232 dipole magnets 15 metres in
length which bend the beams, and 392 quadrupole magnets, each 5–7 metres long,
which focus the beams. Just prior to collision, another type of magnet is used
to "squeeze" the particles closer together to increase the chances of
collisions. The particles are so tiny that the task of making them collide is
akin to firing two needles 10 kilometres apart with such precision that they
meet halfway.

All the controls for the accelerator, its services and technical infrastructure
are housed under one roof at the CERN Control Centre. From here, the beams
inside the LHC are made to collide at four locations around the accelerator
ring, corresponding to the positions of four particle detectors – ATLAS, CMS,
ALICE and LHCb.

Explore the CERN Control Centre with Google Street View (Image: Google Street
View)
video
image


LHC FACTS AND FIGURES


THE SAFETY OF THE LHC



video
image


VIRTUAL TOUR OF THE LHC


STATUS OF THE LHC IN REAL-TIME




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