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AGRIS ON-LINE PAPERS IN ECONOMICS AND INFORMATICS

ISSN 1804–1930

The international journal AGRIS on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics is
a scholarly open access, blind peer-reviewed by two reviewers,
interdisciplinary, and fully refereed scientific journal. The journal is
published quarterly on March 30, June 30, September 30 and December 30 of the
current year by the Faculty of Economics and Management, Czech University of
Life Sciences Prague. The journal prefers scientific papers by international
teams of authors who deal with problems concerning the focus of our journal
in the world-wide scope with relation to Europe.


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CONTENT OF ARCHIVED ISSUE
No 3/2024, September



FULL ISSUE (.PDF, 6.87 MB)


EFFECTS OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND DEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS ON MEAT CONSUMPTION PATTERN IN
IRAN: A DEMAND SYSTEM APPROACH

Parisa AlizadehHosein MohammadiNaser ShahnoushiSayed Saghaian
DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160301
No 3/2024, September
pp. 3 - 15


ABSTRACT

Meat as one of the most important resources of protein has a special role in
human nutrition. Understanding the meat consumption structure of households is
essential for planning and policymaking in this regard. In this research, we
studied consumption patterns of meat products including chicken, veal, lamb, and
fish for households in Iran (Mashhad city) using demand system estimation. The
hypothesis of this study is that chicken is a necessary goods and other types of
meat are luxury goods. Given the cross-sectional nature of the data and presence
of zero expenditure for some households, we used the censored demand model based
on a consistent two-step approach. For this purpose, at first, four Probit
models were estimated to determine the factors affecting the probability of
purchasing each selected meat product. After that, the probability density
function (PDF) and the cumulative distribution function (CDF) were calculated
for each selected meat product, and the Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS)
considering PDF and CDF was estimated for all types of meat using a non-linear
seemingly unrelated regression. Also, the effect of demographic variables on
meat consumption pattern was considered in demand system. The results of
expenditure elasticities confirmed the hypothesis. The highest own-price
elasticity was related to veal. Based on compensated price elasticities, all
types of meat were net substitutes for chicken and chicken was also a net
complement for all types of meat. On the other hand, the only substitute for
lamb and chicken was veal, but with compensating income effect fish also became
a substitute for them. So, in the event of an increase of the price of lamb and
chicken, we recommend subsidizing the consumers with low purchasing power in
order to increase the diversity of consumption of protein products. This can
increase the consumption of fish.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Censored demand system, demographic variables, meat, Iran, Probit model.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 580.6 KB)


IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL ONTOLOGIES EVOLUTION ON THE ALIGNMENT PRESERVATIVE
ADAPTATION

Yahia AtigAhmed ZahafNadri Khiati DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160302
No 3/2024, September
pp. 17 - 32


ABSTRACT

Ontology matching techniques are a solution to surmount the problem of
interoperability on the fly between ontologies. However, both alignments and
ontologies are likely to be evolved throughout their life cycle, which
frequently degrades their qualities. One of the main features of an alignment is
its conservativity, so that it should never generate new knowledge compared to
those generated by reasoning solely on ontologies. We focus in this paper on the
issue of adapting the fresh alignment between evolved OWL-2 ontologies while
respecting the conservativity principle. We also propose several patterns to
deal with the problem of detection and repair of conservativity breaches during
such evolution depending on the type of change in the related OWL-2 ontologies.
We use famous ontologies from the field of agriculture to validate our
experimentation. At the end we present a set of open research issues.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Agricultural ontologies, matching adaptation, breaches identifying, breaches
remedying, OWL-2 ontologies evolution, ontology matching, semantic web.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 1.73 MB)


RURAL ATTRACTIVENESS INDEX AND ITS VISUALIZATION AS TOOLS TO SUPPORT LOCAL AND
REGIONAL DECISION-MAKING

Otakar ČerbaSarah Velten DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160303
No 3/2024, September
pp. 33 - 43


ABSTRACT

Promoting rural regions is crucial for societies all over the world. Prosperous
and vital rural regions can contribute to solving many pressing problems that
threaten humanity, such as climate change, poverty, hunger, health or clean
energy. The attractiveness of rural regions can be improved through targeted
measures and support. For the design of such targeted interventions,
high-quality assessments of rural attractiveness can provide a solid information
basis. However, the attractiveness of rural regions is a complex construct and
therefore difficult to assess. Thus, in this paper, we present tools for the
assessment of rural attractiveness that address these complexities and support
use and interpretation of the results of rural attractiveness assessments by
stakeholders: First, we develop a Rural Attractiveness Index (RAI) which
provides a general blueprint for assessing rural attractiveness, yet still is
flexible and adaptable to each specific context. As integrated measure of rural
attractiveness it also facilitates interpretation by stakeholders. Second, to
further enhance interpretation and communication, we propose to visualize the
RAI in map-based form. We demonstrate the application of these tools through an
illustrative showcase in a European context. We discuss strengths, limitations
and challenges of the presented tools and highlight directions for future
research.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Rural regions, rural attractiveness, thematic map, spatial analysis, clustering,
spatial data.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 1.01 MB)


A MULTI-METHOD APPROACH TO ASSESS THE ADOPTION OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE
TECHNOLOGY IN BRAZIL

André Henrique IvaleIrenilza de Alencar NããsMarcelo de Camargo Jani
DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160304
No 3/2024, September
pp. 45 - 58


ABSTRACT

Precision Agriculture (PA) application aims to increase crop productivity while
minimizing environmental impacts. We analyzed the topics most studied in the
advancement of crop production in Brazil by applying the concepts of PA using
the systematic literature review (SLR). A multi-method approach combined an SLR
applying the PRISMA method and secondary data analysis. We found five clusters
of technologies using the PA concept related to hardware development and four
clusters related to applying technologies to software development in the PA
concept. Most topics focused on using sensors to control water (soil and
environment), soil electrical conductivity, and data communication. The focus on
sustainability led researchers to reduce chemical products related to
fertilizers and pesticides using Variable Rate Fertilizers (VRT) and reducing
the environmental loading. According to the research results, it was evident
that PA technology might help farmers make more accurate decisions about
cultivation, production, harvest, and soil management. The availability of
decision support systems powered by big data and artificial intelligence to
select the best crop for a given season and soil might assist Brazil's
sustainable growth of food production.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Agricultural production, crop production, food production, hardware, software,
sustainability.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 1.28 MB)


IMPLEMENTATION OF A SECRET AND VERIFIABLE PERSONAL REMOTE ELECTRONIC ELECTION OF
AN AGRARIAN ORGANIZATION PER THE RECOMMENDATION OF THE COUNCIL OF EUROPE

Tomáš MartínekMartin PelikánJan TyrychtrJakub Konopásek
DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160305
No 3/2024, September
pp. 59 - 73


ABSTRACT

Lockdowns and social progress have increased hours of work from home, often
requiring remote methods of communication. Agricultural organizations from
associations to cooperatives to joint stock companies must prepare to carry out
more activities online. This article proposes a procedure for the possible
implementation of a remote electronic election in personnel matters of the
organization using the Belenios system, based on an evaluation of expectations
from a questionnaire survey of agricultural college students and graduates. The
proposed procedure is subsequently verified based on an evaluation of compliance
with the Council of Europe recommendation on standards for electronic voting.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Internet voting, E-voting, E-democracy, Open-Source, Belenios, E-elections.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 436.68 KB)


REGIONAL HETEROGENEITY IN LIVELIHOOD STRATEGIES AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR
HOUSEHOLD WELFARE: A PANEL DATA ANALYSIS OF RURAL VIETNAM

Kien Nguyen DucPhan Nguyen ThaiCong Dinh NguyenThi Kim Oanh DinhThi Minh Phuong
NguyenQuang Dung Truong DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160306
No 3/2024, September
pp. 75 - 91


ABSTRACT

This study undertakes a meticulous examination of the Livelihood Strategy
Diversity Index (LSDI) and its nuanced implications on household welfare in
heterogeneous regions of rural Vietnam. Employing a unique panel dataset derived
from the Vietnam Access to Resources Household Survey (VARHS) spanning from 2010
to 2018, the study employs both Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) and instrumental
variable (IV) methods to investigate the intricate relationship between LSDI and
household welfare, with a specific focus on income and dietary diversity. The
empirical findings reveal compelling evidence of pronounced regional
heterogeneity, highlighting the distinctive impacts of the LSDI on household
welfare across diverse geographical areas. This study underscores the importance
of region-specific strategies, advocating for a tailored and diversified
approach to agricultural activities aligned with the unique context of each
region. Furthermore, the findings emphasize the pivotal role of consolidating
small plots as a strategic measure to alleviate agricultural land fragmentation,
offering valuable insights into region-specific interventions for the
enhancement of household well-being, encompassing both income and nutritional
diversity.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Livelihood diversity, welfare impact, regional disparities, Vietnam.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 851.51 KB)


COMPARING THE EFFECTS OF INFORMATION GLOBALIZATION ON AGRICULTURAL PRODUCER
PRICES IN DEVELOPING AND DEVELOPED COUNTRIES

Agus Dwi Nugroho DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160307
No 3/2024, September
pp. 93 - 107


ABSTRACT

Existing studies claim that the Internet of Things (IoTs) raises agricultural
producer prices while others claim the contrary. Meanwhile, no studies have been
conducted to investigate the impact of IoTs at the macro level, as represented
by information globalization. The main objective of this study is to determine
the impact of information globalization on agricultural producer prices in
developing and developed countries. This study used time series data from 1991
to 2020 and cross-section data from 66 developing and 26 developed countries.
The data was analyzed using two-stage least squares. The first stage of analysis
shows that pesticides and farm machinery increase agricultural production in
developing and developed countries, while employment in agriculture, forestry,
and fishing has the opposite effect. Meanwhile, nutrient nitrogen, manure, and
irrigation have differing effects on agricultural production in the two areas.
The second stage of analysis shows that agricultural producer prices in
developing and developed countries will rise when agricultural production,
agricultural import, and human capital increase. Agricultural value-added, food
consumer price inflation and population growth have varying impacts on
agricultural producer prices. Meanwhile, the main variable investigated in this
study, information globalization, has been proven to increase agricultural
producer prices in both developing and developed countries.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Agricultural production, agricultural import, agricultural value added, food
consumer price, population, human capital.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 553.52 KB)


ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF SMALL-SCALE MOUNTAIN DAIRY FARMS BY USING ACCOUNTING
DATA: EVIDENCE FROM AN ITALIAN CASE STUDY

Giacomo StaffolaniDeborah BentivoglioAdele Finco DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160308
No 3/2024, September
pp. 109 - 120


ABSTRACT

Dairy mountain farms are economically disadvantaged due to small farm sizes and
high production costs. This situation was exacerbated firstly by the opening of
the market linked to the abolition of milk quotas; secondly by the rising prices
due to the energy crisis due to covid 19 and the war in Ukraine. However, these
farms are important for the preservation of traditional landscapes, the economy
of these areas and the offered ecosystem services, especially when they are
managed extensively. The objective of this research is to understand if mountain
dairy farms are economically sustainable and competitive through the analysis of
a case study. The economic analysis takes into account the production cost of
milk, profitability, and some economic indicators using accounting data. The
results show that the farm profitability is decreasing, and the costs are
unsustainable. As a consequence, more efficient policy support is needed to
overcome this crisis.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Dairy farms, mountain areas, Appennines, economic analysis, sustainability, case
study.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 563.84 KB)


ASSESSING INDONESIAN NUTMEG COMMODITY TRADE COMPETITIVENESS AND DEVELOPING
SUSTAINABLE STRATEGIES IN THE GLOBAL MARKET

Sujianto SujiantoEkwasita Rini PribadiRatna Ayu SaptatiI Gusti Ayu Putu
MahendriAgung Budi SantosoJoula Olvy Maya SondakhRonald Timbul Pardamean
HutapeaYulia PujihartiZamroni SalimSuci WulandariSaptana SaptanaSaktyanu
Kristyantoadi DermoredjoBudi RahardjoHélio Brites da Silva
DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160309
No 3/2024, September
pp. 121 - 138


ABSTRACT

Nutmeg encounters challenges in productivity, quality, climate change, Covid-19
disruptions, and stagflation, requiring efforts to enhance competitiveness and
meet global market demands. This study aims to analyze Indonesian nutmeg trade
performance, assess competitive advantage, and formulate essential strategies to
increase its competitiveness. Using comprehensive mixed quantitative and
qualitative analysis, methods include export-import market share analysis, CAGR,
import dependency ratio, import-to-export ratio, RCA, RSCA, RTA, and SWOT/QSPM
analysis. The data obtained from in-depth interviews with key stakeholders was
used for formulating strategies enhancing nutmeg’s competitiveness. The findings
underscore Indonesia's significant dominance in the global nutmeg market, with a
considerable 61.6% market share but its export growth rate for nutmeg was less
than the import annual growth. The competitiveness indicators demonstrated a
robust comparative advantage of Indonesian nutmeg trade in the global market,
especially for products categorized as “nutmeg, neither crushed nor ground” and
“nutmeg, crushed or ground”. Indonesian also has comparative advantage among
other exporter countries. Crucial strategies of internal and external
perspectives, such as expanding markets, improving nutmeg quality and
productivity through improving farmer capacity, technological adoption, and good
agricultural practices are necessary to take into account Indonesia’s nutmeg
competitiveness in global markets.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Trade performance, competitiveness, comparative advantage, nutmeg

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 1005.83 KB)


JUXTAPOSING GENDER DIFFERENTIALS IN CREDIT ASSESSMENT OF FARMERS IN NIGERIA: A
HYBRIDIZED CREDIT-SCORING APPROACH

Igwe Ikenna UkohaMaryann OsujiIfyenwa Josephine UhuegbulemChigozie
IbekweOkwudili Ibeagwa DOI: 10.7160/aol.2024.160310
No 3/2024, September
pp. 139 - 153


ABSTRACT

Using data from 360 smallholder farmers in Southeast Nigeria, the study creates
the architecture for a new farmer's hybrid credit rating system used in
classifying farmers who applied for microfinance loans based on their
creditworthiness. We discovered new evidence that the hybridized credit scoring
algorithm demonstrated unprecedented concordance in assessing the financial
viability of farmers along gender lines. The discriminant analysis, in
particular, closely aligned with the credit score model, with 34.4% and 46.7% of
male and female farmers grouped as creditworthy, reflecting the model's
estimates of 33.3% and 45.5%, indicating gaps of 12.3% and 12.2%, respectively,
to the advantage of the female farmers. Our findings further suggest that annual
income, marital status, and farm size strongly influence the separation between
creditworthy and non-creditworthy farmers. While age, loan term, and a history
of defaults had a negative impact on discrimination, in light of the findings,
we recommend a collaboration between authorities, financial institutions, and
extension workers in offering tailored trainings to both male and female
farmers, assisting them in meeting up-to-date credit prerequisites, adopting
modified farming techniques, and improving their general preparedness to be
accepted for loans in this changing credit evaluation landscape so as to bridge
the disparity and promote financial inclusion for farmers irrespective of gender
affiliations.

Show abstract


KEYWORDS

Agricultural finance, credits scoring, discriminant analysis, smallholder
farmers, microfinance lending, gender.

 VIEW MORE  PDF (.pdf, 605.05 KB)
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