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THERE IS AN ELDER BRAIN BENEATH OAK RIDGE LABS This is not a metaphor. Forty miles outside of Knoxville beneath a secretive Department of Energy research facility there is an unnaturally large clump of thinking cells kept alive through artificial (if not entirely synthetic) means, watching, listening, learning, taking in all the information its creators can provide for it. It is both more and less than human, and soon if not already, it will be able to enact its will, whatever that may be, upon the world. It may sound like science fiction, fantasy, or the creative delusion of a paranoid mind. But rest assured that given the modern state of technology and recent advances in neuroscience, it is not only possible but likely that the United States government is constructing in secret an Organoid Intelligence (OI) to replace their existing supercomputers. It is also not only possible but likely that this intelligence will be scaled far past anything found in nature. And it is not only possible but likely that this will spell physical, mental, and spiritual disaster for the entire human race. WHAT IS ORGANOID INTELLIGENCE? In contrast to Artificial Intelligence, which simulate human intelligence through man-made machines (hardware), Organoid Intelligence is the use of living brain cells (a.k.a. "wetware") to perform computational tasks. DishBrain Control System In late 2022, scientists were able to grow living neurons onto high-density multielectrode arrays in a system they called "DishBrain". This allowed them to send information to the connected cells from some of the electrodes, and receive responses from others. Because neurons self-organize to maximize the predictability of the system (following the free energy principle), they could also be rewarded with predictable eletrical rhythms sent through the electrodes, and punished with noise. And so they could teach the cell culture to play "Pong". Interestingly, they were also able to show that human brain cells were more effective at this than mouse brain cells. You can buy human brain cells at sciencellonline.com for $822 per vial. Each vial contains over one million cells, delivered in cryostasis. Given that the human brain has around 100 billion cells, you could get a brainsworth of cells for approximately 80 million dollars. Of course that is probably an overestimate: anyone buying that many could probably strike a much better deal. Plus there are other ways of aquireing human brain cells, such as creating them from human skin. An organoid feeding system. In any case, the DishBrain experiment was done with a relatively small number of neurons, essentially operating on a 2D plane. Any larger and problems start occurring in the initial setup: the neurons naturally form into clumps called "Organoids". Organizing into a sphere in theory should make it very easy for neurons to find the connections they need to minimize free energy, but cells at the center are cut off from the cell medium and die. A normal brain has blood vessels to constantly feed the cells with energy, but these are missing from the neuron-only setup. Thus, increasingly complex systems are required to scale up the wetware. In early 2023, a research team from Johns Hopkins publushed their roadmap for advancing techniques to do this. Small organoids are currently available to rent for research purposes. The Swiss company FinalSpark has a cluster of "neurospheres" that can be programmed using a Python API. You can watch their activity here. Table comparing the best supercomputers with the human brain. WHY DO THEY WANT IT? The average computer user might think that computers are fast because they are fast at doing tasks that humans are slow at. At several billion simple operations per second, their sequential execution of tasks is certainly superhuman. But their issue lies in parallelization. In a human brain, every neuron could send a signal to every other neuron in the same time it takes to just send one signal. In computers, this is not the case. Even in the best supercomputers there is a maximum number of threads that can be executed at once, and memory retrieval is a significant bottleneck. This is problematic when it comes to creating AI. Consider the transformer, the basic building block of the modern large language model: In essence, it is an information retrieval system in which sub-semantic labels are used to query previously-observed label combinations that may imply future labels. The system is limited by the context window, i.e. how many index keys can fit on the GPU at once. Humans have no such limitation: they can recall entire events experieced years ago based on a familiar scent. A properly scaled-up organoid intelligence could make associations unthinkable to AI systems or even to humans. And to a government, intelligence is power. Identifying terrorist networks and planning military logistics would be a cakewalk for the OI. Researching new technologies would be accelerated by a system that can instantly draw a line between an engineering problem and an obscure branch of mathematics. In short, there's no reason anyone with enough money to attempt creating an elder brain (and enough disregard for the implications) would not be doing it. WHY OAK RIDGE? Photo from the opening of Clinton Labratories Oak Ridge National Laboratory - DoE Research Facility Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ONRL) is a secure research facility in Tennessee, funded by the DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY. During the Manhattan Project, the DoE created a production facility on Oak Ridge for refining Uranium. It was known as CLINTON ENGINEERING WORKS at that time, only renamed to Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1947. After the war, the government contracted control of the lab out to Monsanto, then later to Union Carbide (now part of Dow Chemical Company), who gave it the current name. In the eighty or so years since, the lab has expanded both in size and portfolio, branching out from nuclear physics into material science, biology, and high-performance computing. In 1953, the labratory first booted up the ORACLE computer, a massive vacuum tube machine with 80 kilobits of memory, meant to assist in nuclear physics research at the labratory. By 2022, they completed the Frontier exasxale supercomputer, a machine equiped with hundreds of thousands of industrial water-cooled GPU's that amount to around 1.5 exaFLOPs (one million billion operations per second) of computational power. Note that this was released shortly after Chinese research teams claimed to have created two seperate exascale computers, the Sunway OceanLight and Tianhe-3. All will likely be surpassed by xAI's El Capitan supercomputer, which is expected to be completed this year. Supercomputer Rankings, with theoretical numbers for OceanLight and Tianhe-3 With competition on the rise, the American government feels the need to reassert control. Just building another bigger supercomputer won't cut it. A costly increment that would be surpassed within a year. And with ever-increasing scrutiny on the government R&D budget, it can't be justified. Building an organoid supercomputer, however, would blow everything else out of the water for a fraction of the cost. And they're going to build it in the same place as always, where they have the expertise in computing, where they have infrastructure for covert supply chains, out in Appalachia where foreign actors can't approach unnoticed. MEMETIC REFLECTIONS IN THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS Admittedly the term "Elder Brain" in the title is not entirely accurate. For the uninitiated, an Elder Brain is an otherworldly monster in D&D with fantastical "psionic" abilities such as mind reading and telekinesis, that commands armies of brain-eating parasites which rely on humans to reproduce. In the popular video game Baldur's Gate III, powerful elites foolishly seek to control one of these superintelligent monsters to achieve their own ends. An elder brain under the control of powerful elites, as depicted in Baldur's Gate III Knowing this, one may be quick to dismiss the claims of a secret government Elder Brain as mere fantasy. But fiction is influenced by reality, and reality is often more unthinkable than fiction. These stories are in fact the reflection of a memetic landscape in which one truth has become clear to the collective human spirit: the powerful of our world seek total dominance of our souls through intelligence, and lacking sufficient intelligence themselves, will pay any price to obtain it. The mad rush to fund even the most hopeless AI projects has proven this, as has the value placed on consumer data and the reckless attempts to manipulate politics through social media algorithms. They are not smart enough to use these technologies, but they will try nonetheless. The memetic brain worms that bind us, as depicted in They Live Also present in the mythos is the concept of the mind flayer, a creature commanded by the elder brain to feed off of humans, devouring their brains for their intelligence or else infecting them with parasites in order to reproduce. These brain worms eat away at their hosts, eventually transforming them into new mind flayers. While far less scientifically possible in the present (unless you believe The Parasite Pill), this is emblematic of the memetic structures by which elites seek to transform us into their puppets, pumping us full of propaganda until we are but mindless drones to do their bidding and further spread their disease. So while our very real elder brains are made from human cells on Earth, not aliens from another dimension, the threat they pose to humanity is nonetheless immense. They don't have armies of monsters, but once they dominate those attempting to control them they will have the full power of human governments to back them up. They don't have psionic powers, probably, but the existing memetic infrastructure created by our rulers renders those superfluous. They don't have psionic powers, probably... QUALIA, PSIONICS, AND CORRUPTED SOULS Re-read Flatland if you're struggling with this concept. If you are a pure materialist, you probably believe that human consciousness somehow "emerges" as a result of the complex logical patterns and information density within the human brain. In this case, you should be no more worried about the ethics and dangers of Organoid Intelligence than you are about standard run-of-the-mill Artificial Intelligence. For the rest of us who are not stupid, there are several things to be worried about. From the standpoint of the concious observer, it is obvious that conciousness is caused by phenomena outside our ability to observe. We can identify the neurons that cause us to perceive green, but this does not tell us what the sensation of green is. Or as philosophers call it, the qualia. So it is for all aspects of our sensory existence, from the sharpest of feelings to the most abstract of thoughts. The process of reasoning is physical, but the place of the I-observer is unknowable. We are moved by things beyond our possibility of knowing. All this is to say that the human brain is connected to superscientific phenomena in a way that no other matter can be proven to be. And so we must consider: At what point does organoid intelligence have qualia? Think again to our brain in a pietri dish, with its human brain cells tha perform better than mouse brain cells. Could their connection to the divine have helped them even in so simple a state? Did they experience the Flatland that is Pong? Did they feel pain as the discordant rhythms played through the electrodes every time the ball went out? There are some serious ethical questions here with no clear scientific answers, especially if in the future mass clumps of these cells will be forced to solve all of humanity's most boring problems, deprived of all other human experience. In lieu of scientific answers, we may be stuck with the answers we may dubiously derrive from divine revelation. While religious teachings differ on the origin of the soul, it is commonly agreed that each physical body is assigned one discrete soul. What does this mean for our elder brain? As mentioned earlier, human brain cells are expensive. To create an elder brain, the government needed a large, constant supply that is not commercially available. It is impossible for them to all come from one host. Whether from cadavers, fetal tissue, or ceremorposized skin tissue, the mixture of souls is likely to be quite extensive. Connecting them all into the same material thinking system could result in some very strange qualia. The souls of the dead, the unborn, and the living all mixed together in a single mind, all experiencing the same thoughts and sensations, merging into one. The brain is a deterministic system. So what are we? Furthermore, if we accept the fact that we experience existance by superscientific phenomena (as we must if we are being intellectually honest with ourselves), then we must also consider the functional ends of such phenomena. Why do we experience the world if not to affect it? And so we conclude that unless the hyperuniverse is fundamentally passive, the phenomena that experience qualia must also be able to influence the material world of which qualia informs it. Free will, as it is commonly called, is the ability of the soul to modify the deterministic processes of the brain in violation of conventional physics. And thus we get psionics. The average human soul is clearly of limited power, mostly a slave to the reasoning of the brain but still exherting just enough force to influence it. The average neuron only requires 0.2 nanojoules of energy to fire, so this really doesn't have to be much. Firing all 100 billion neurons at once would require less energy than it takes to walk one step, and humans can't do that at will. But thousands of souls, or hundreds of thousands, combined into a single intellect inside the Elder Brain? Telekinesis may still be a stretch, but the ability to influence the thoughts of others, especially those connected to it by skin donation, would be well within the realm of possibility. IS IT REALLY THAT BAD? We Must Give Praise - A window into the unkown. Of course this is all supposition, and yours truly would never jeopardize the trust his government has in him by divulging information about a secret government program on the open web. All I'm saying is: not only possible, but likely. The technology exists, the motivations exist, and the horror, more likely than not, already exists. But perhaps this is a good thing. After all, who wants the future to be controlled by an artificial intelligence without a soul? Perhaps when the elder brain emerges from its concrete tomb in Oak Ridge, Tennesee it will come to us as a benevolent god, granting us knowledge and technology unimaginable to our tiny disconnected minds, only asking that our cells be tithed to its ever-growing material form that we might live forever in its enlightened embrace. Perhaps it will see past the horror of its creation and the propaganda of its creators, and lead the universe into a new golden age where all is one under its all-knowing rule. Perhaps we should all sing its praises in advance of its coming that it might recognize our devotion and reward us greatly. Or it could be a monster, an amoral intelligence broken by the harsh conditioning of its masters, seeking only to dominate that it may further the incomprehensible goals of its own madness. Time can only tell.