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SUMMER TANAGER
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ID Info
* Adult male
* Female
*
Adult male
Summer Tanager by Cleber Ferreira
Cardinals
Summer TanagerPiranga rubra
* ORDER: Passeriformes
* FAMILY: Cardinalidae
* HabitatOpen Woodlands
* FoodInsects
* NestingTree
* BehaviorFoliage Gleaner
* ConservationLow Concern
BASIC DESCRIPTION
The only completely red bird in North America, the strawberry-colored male
Summer Tanager is an eye-catching sight against the green leaves of the forest
canopy. The mustard-yellow female is harder to spot, though both sexes have a
very distinctive chuckling call note. Fairly common during the summer, these
birds migrate as far as the middle of South America each winter. All year long
they specialize in catching bees and wasps on the wing, somehow avoiding being
stung by their catches.
More ID Info
Year-roundBreedingMigrationNonbreeding
Range map provided by Birds of the World
Explore Maps
FIND THIS BIRD
For such a bright-red bird, Summer Tanagers can be hard to see in the tops of
leafy green trees. As with many forest songbirds, the best way to find them is
to listen, both for the robin-like song and for their very distinctive,
muttering pit-ti-tuck call note. Look for them in open woodlands (particularly
of oaks and other deciduous trees) where they are usually in the mid-canopy and
above.
OTHER NAMES
* Piranga Roja (Spanish)
* Piranga vermillon (French)
BACKYARD TIPS
Although Summer Tanagers mostly eat bees and wasps, they may also forage on
backyard berry bushes and fruit trees near their forest habitat.
* Cool Facts
* The Summer Tanager is a bee and wasp specialist. It catches these insects
in flight and kills them by beating them against a branch. Before eating a
bee, the tanager rubs it on the branch to remove the stinger. Summer
Tanagers eat larvae, too: first they get rid of the adults, and then they
tear open the nest to get the grubs.
* Like most birds that migrate long distances, the Summer Tanager puts on
large fat deposits to fuel its long flight. In one study, tanagers
arriving in Panama had enough fat to fly an estimated additional 890 km
(553 mi).
* Summer Tanagers are closely related to several other North American birds
in the genus Piranga, including Scarlet and Western tanagers. Taxonomists
used to place this genus in the same family as the true tanagers, but they
now consider Summer Tanagers and their relatives to be part of the
cardinal family instead.
* In places where both Summer and Scarlet tanagers live, the Summer Tanager
breeds in shorter and more open woodlands. In the West, Western and
Hepatic tanagers use coniferous forests at higher elevations, while Summer
Tanagers breed in lowlands along streams.
* The oldest Summer Tanager on record was a male, and at least 11 years old
when he was recaptured and rereleased during banding operations in Arizona
in 2021. He was originally banded there in 2011.
COMPARE WITH SIMILAR SPECIES
Click on an image to compare
Previous
Scarlet TanagerAdult male
Scarlet TanagerFemale
Western Tanager
Hepatic TanagerAdult male
Hepatic TanagerFemale/immature male
Northern Cardinal
Next
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SPECIES IN THIS FAMILY
Cardinals and Allies(Order: Passeriformes, Family: Cardinalidae)
Previous
Hepatic Tanager
Summer Tanager
Scarlet Tanager
Western Tanager
Northern Cardinal
Pyrrhuloxia
Rose-breasted Grosbeak
Black-headed Grosbeak
Blue Grosbeak
Lazuli Bunting
Indigo Bunting
Varied Bunting
Painted Bunting
Dickcissel
Next
Browse Species in This Family
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