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POLAND AIMS TO PRODUCE THREE QUARTERS OF POWER FROM RENEWABLES AND NUCLEAR BY
2040

Apr 4, 2023 | Energy & Climate, Politics

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Poland’s climate ministry has outlined plans for the country to generate around
three quarters of its electricity from zero-emissions sources by 2040, with 51%
coming from renewables and almost 23% from nuclear.

The Polish energy sector is currently one of Europe’s most polluting, relying on
coal for around 70% of generation, by far the highest proportion in the EU.

But recent years have seen the previously coal-friendly government place greater
emphasis on renewables and launch plans for Poland’s first nuclear power plants,
as it seeks to achieve energy independence from Russian fossil fuels and to
adapt to EU green policies.



Yesterday, the climate ministry announced an update to the government’s energy
strategy, known as PEP2040.

“By 2040…zero-emission sources (renewables and nuclear) will account for
approximately 74% of installed capacity and will cover approximately 73% of
demand for electricity,” said the ministry.

Warsaw expects renewables to account for 47% of the energy mix by 2030. Two
years ago, when the strategy was first presented, it assumed that only 23% of
energy would come from renewables by that year.

By 2040, renewables would have a capacity of 88 GW, providing 51% of power.
However, those figures include energy from biomass and biogas, which, though
often treated by governments as zero-emission sources, are not accepted as such
by some.



Onshore wind, which has a capacity of around 8 GW today, is expected to rise to
14 GW in 2030 and 20 GW by 2040. Offshore wind – which Poland is yet to launch –
is anticipated to reach 5.9 GW by 2030 and 18 GW in 2040. The strategy update,
however, does not mention specific goals for solar energy.

In 2021, renewables accounted for almost 17% of Poland’s energy mix, up from 7%
in 2010. Last year saw a further expansion of Poland’s solar and wind capacity.

According to the updated strategy, by 2040 23% of electricity generation would
come from nuclear. Poland has already picked the United States and South Korea
to develop its first large-scale nuclear power plants. Private and state-owned
firms are also developing plans for nuclear small modular reactors (SMRs).



“The outbreak of war in Ukraine has shown how important energy sovereignty is,”
said climate minister Anna Moskwa while announcing the updated plans.

“The predictive analyses that were carried out in the context of these dramatic
events made it clear which areas of Poland’s 2040 energy policy need to be
strengthened so that the energy transition not only ensures the security of
energy supplies, but also allows for the gradual decarbonisation of electricity
generation.”

The minister added that, for Poland, energy sovereignty means “the use of
diversified sources and its own raw materials, including the efficient use of
domestic coal resources, the development of RES and nuclear power, and energy
grids”.

This means that coal power cannot be phased out before nuclear become available,
and the life of some coal-fired units will be extended by two to three years,
said Moskwa.



Main image credit: Jeanne Menjoulet/Flickr (under CC BY 2.0)

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Alicja Ptak

Alicja Ptak is senior editor at Notes from Poland and a multimedia journalist.
She previously worked for Reuters.






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PAULINA OLSZANKA

Solutions journalism project manager
 
 Paulina  is a journalist and writer with a background in anthropology, social
theory & political economy. She has worked for Fairfax Media, the Polish Press
Agency, the Guardian and De Volkskrant
 
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AGATA GOSTYŃSKA-JAKUBOWSKA

advisory board member

Senior Research Fellow at the Global Europe Centre, University of Kent.

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WERONIKA STRZYŻYŃSKA

contributing editorial assistant 

Weronika Strzyżyńska is currently studying journalism at Goldsmiths as a Scott
Trust Bursary recipient. She  has written on issues immigration and Brexit for
New Statesman and Prospect

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AGNIESZKA WĄDOŁOWSKA

managing editor

Agnieszka Wądołowska is managing editor of Notes from Poland. She has previously
worked for Gazeta.pl and Tokfm.pl and contributed to Gazeta Wyborcza, Wysokie
Obcasy, Duży Format, Midrasz and Kultura Liberalna”

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JULIETTE BRETAN

contributing writer

Juliette Bretan is a freelance journalist covering Polish and Eastern European
current affairs and culture. Her work has featured on the BBC World Service, and
in CityMetric, The Independent, Ozy, New Eastern Europe and Culture.pl.

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DANIEL TILLES

editor-in-chief

Daniel Tilles is editor-in-chief of Notes from Poland and assistant professor of
history at the Pedagogical University of Krakow. He has written on Polish
affairs for a wide range of publications, including Foreign Policy, POLITICO
Europe, The Independent and Dziennik Gazeta Prawna.

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STANLEY BILL

founder, editor-at-large

Stanley Bill is the founder and editor-at-large of Notes from Poland.
He is also Senior Lecturer in Polish Studies and Director of the Polish Studies
Programme at the University of Cambridge, where he works on Polish culture,
politics and history.

Stanley has spent more than ten years living in Poland, mostly based in Kraków
and Bielsko-Biała. He founded Notes from Poland in 2014 as a blog dedicated to
personal impressions, cultural analysis and political commentary. He is
committed to the promotion of deeper knowledge and understanding of Poland.

He is the Chair of the Board of the Notes from Poland Foundation.

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MARIA WILCZEK

deputy editor

Maria Wilczek is deputy editor of Notes from Poland. She also contributes
regularly to The Economist and Al Jazeera, and has also written for The
Times, Politico Europe, The Spectator and Gazeta Wyborcza. She was previously
Marjorie Deane fellow at The Economist in London (2018) and a business
consultant at the Boston Consulting Group in Warsaw. Maria is a graduate of the
University of Oxford and a student at the Polish School of Literary Reportage.
 
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BEN KOSCHALKA

assistant editor

Ben Koschalka is a translator and the assistant editor at Notes from Poland.
Originally from Britain, he has lived in Kraków since 2005.

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NORMAN DAVIES

advisory board member

UNESCO Professor at the Jagiellonian University and Professor Emeritus at
University College London



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TIMOTHY GARTON ASH

advisory board member

Professor of European Studies at Oxford University

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ANDRZEJ NOWAK

advisory board member

Professor at the Institute of History of the Jagiellonian University

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SHANA PENN

advisory board member

Executive Director of Taube Family Foundation

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PAWEŁ KOWAL

advisory board member

Associate Professor at the Institute of Political Studies of the Polish Academy
of Science, member of the Polish parliaments

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OLGA TOKARCZUK

advisory board member

Author, winner of 2018 Nobel Prize in Literature 

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SIOBAN DOUCETTE

author

Siobhan Doucette is a historian whose work focuses the opposition movement in
Communist Poland. Her first book, Books Are Weapons: The Polish Opposition Press
and the Overthrow of Communism, is available from University of Pittsburgh
Press. It focuses on the Polish independent publishing movement from 1976 to
1989.  
 

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