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Challenges, Commitments, Complexities Megan Bradley. THE. INTERNATIONAL.
ORGANIZATION. FOR. MIGRATION. Since its establishment in 1951 , the
International Organization for Migration ( IOM ) has expanded from a small ,
regionally specific ...
Стр.
... IOM and its forerunners contained in the Refugee Studies Centre " grey
literature " collection . The introduction to this book includes parts of the
following article : Megan Bradley ( 2017 ) " The International Organization for
Migration ( ...
Стр.
... Organization DCIM Directorate for Combatting Illegal Migration ( Libya )
DESA United Nations Department of Economic ... International Atomic Energy
Agency IASC Inter - Agency Standing Committee ICEM Intergovernmental Committee
for ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration ( IOM ) . Since its establishment
in 1951 as the Provisional Intergovernmental Committee for the Movement of
Migrants from Europe ( PICMME ) , IOM has expanded from a small , regionally
specific ...
Стр.
... inter - governmental organizations worldwide . " 9 Despite this dramatic
expansion , IOM remains remarkably understudied . To the limited extent that
researchers have examined IOM , the focus has typically been on the contested
notion of ...
Стр.
... IOM is , however , thin . In contrast to the numerous advocacy organizations
that closely monitor and report on UNHCR , human rights NGOs rarely undertake
focused analyses of IOM , despite suspicion in some quarters about the
organization ...
Стр.
... IOM's involvement in governing international migration , particularly in
relation to Europe , concentrating on topics such as border control ,
information campaigns , returns , anti - trafficking , and migration policy
development . 27 ...
Стр.
... migration further afield . As Elie points out , both UNHCR and PICMME were "
offsprings of the IRO [ International Refugee Organization ] , " the body
established in the aftermath of World War II to deal with the millions of
refugees ...
Стр.
... IOM itself have advocated more explicit protection commitments and a closer
relationship with the UN , culminating in the 2016 Agreement between the United
Nations and the International Organization for Migration , through which IOM ...
Стр.
... IOM in the context of evolving international arrangements for responding to
forced migration , in which member states have restricted UNHCR's engagement
with " newer ” forms of displacement such as forced migration linked to the
effects ...
Стр.
... IOM has additionally become a major player in disaster - induced
displacement . It has conducted extensive research and facilitated discussions
on migration associated with the effects of climate change , and has taken on
major ...
Стр.
... IOM is brought into the picture as an ambitious and progressively more
influential organization . IOM's influence has often been underestimated because
states are generally reluctant to cede control over migration to external
actors ...
Стр.
... migration policy and management activities – to fund much of its work at its
headquarters , and even to sustain some ... organization's structure and
governance . I introduce and analyze the IOM Constitution , highlighting how
the ...
Стр.
... Migration Management . Statist examinations of international organizations
typically consider them simply as servants of states , rather than as
potentially autonomous and even powerful actors.62 The assumption that
international ...
Стр.
Challenges, Commitments, Complexities Megan Bradley. 1 IOM , About IOM ,
www.iom.int/about-iom ; Jérôme Elie , “ The Historical Roots of Cooperation
between the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the International Organization
for ...
Стр.
... Organization for Migration : 1951–2001 ( Geneva : IOM , 2001 ) . 18 Amnesty
International , Human Rights Watch , Refugees International and other ...
International Migration : Evolving Trends from the Early Twentieth Century to.
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , " Journal of Ethnic and Migration
Studies 44 , no . 10 ( 2018 ) : 1656-1672 ; Philippe Frowd , Security at the
Border : Transnational Practices and Technologies in West Africa ( Cambridge ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , Article 2 ( 2 ) . See also
General Assembly resolution A / RES / 70 / 296 , 25 July 2016 . 40 Martin ,
International Migration , 135-137 . 41 Ibid . , 143 . 42 For instance ,
McGregor ...
Стр.
... international organizations ( IOs ) act autonomously ? A wide range of IR
scholars have compellingly refuted the ... migration worldwide . Albeit with
varying degrees of success , UNHCR has challenged restrictive and abusive ...
Стр.
... IOM's decentralization and project - based funding model ; and some of the
tensions that shape the agency , including those between IOM's humanitarian -
oriented Department of Operations and Emergencies and its Department of
Migration ...
Стр.
... international migration services for whom arrangements may be made between
the Organization and the States concerned , including those States undertaking
to receive them ; ( c ) to provide , at the request of and in agreement with
the ...
Стр.
Challenges, Commitments, Complexities Megan Bradley. allowed the organization to
strategically position itself to fill key gaps in the international humanitarian
system , for example in relation to those displaced in disasters.19 Some ...
Стр.
... IOM contended in some prominent forums that it was not bound by
international human rights law . 31 These provisions sit uneasily with the
identification of IOM in the 2016 agreement as a “ non - normative "
organization . 32 Is this ...
Стр.
... international community be enhanced if they had a protection mandate ? And
that's a question you have to think about ... organization is not yet reliably
held accountable to them . In this sense IOM has followed the path of many ...
Стр.
... organization's membership base . By courting new members , IOM has cemented
its transformation into a truly global institution ; shored up its claim to be
the leading IO concerned with migration ; and expanded its political reach ...
Стр.
... IOM . " 51 Like IOM itself , many of the organization's member states are
grappling with how humanitarian principles and human rights obligations butt up
against the drive to " manage " migration flows , and the recognition that
the ...
Стр.
... IOM's bare - bones headquarters . 57 The incongruity of member states '
demands are also evident in the ways in which some of IOM's European members
have pressed the organization to become more assertive on behalf of migrants '
rights ...
Стр.
... IOM approved IOM's entry into the UN system as a related organization . All
told , the IOM - US relationship has in recent years been characterized by both
continuity and change . The United States has long been pivotal to IOM's ...
Стр.
... IOM's member states authorized the director general to negotiate a new
relationship between IOM and the UN ... migration and is an intergovernmental ,
non - normative organization with its own constitution and governance system ...
Стр.
... organization's human , financial , and technical resources . Another , the
Department of International Cooperation and Partnerships , concentrates on IOM's
relations with its member states and donors , as well as with other IOs ,
NGOs ...
Стр.
... IOM's entry into the UN system in September 2016 . Moreso than his
predecessor , in pursuing these goals Swing retained a highly deferential
position vis - à - vis IOM's members , consistently presenting IOM as a member
state - led ...
Стр.
... IOM Council , the organization now employs more than 12,600 people , the
vast majority in field operations in the global South . 103 Interlocutors stress
that IOM “ is not a monolithic organization ; a lot depends on who's sitting
at ...
Стр.
... organization's greatest assets . Tasks that UN agencies typically assign to
senior international staff , IOM often undertakes with highly skilled local
staff . Working extensively with national staff can also expand humanitarian
access ...
Стр.
... agency is emblematic of broader trends and strategies shaping the politics
of international organizations . Notes 1 See for example Michael Barnett and
Martha Finnemore , Rules for the World : International Organizations in
Global ...
Стр.
... IOM Constitution , Article 2.b. 12 Jerome Elie , “ The Historical Roots of
Cooperation between the UN High Commissioner for Refugees and the International
Organization for Migration , " Global Governance 16 ( 2010 ) : 345-360 . 13
IASC ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration ,
www.kaldorcentre.unsw.edu.au/publication/brief-and- somewhat - sceptical -
perspective - international - organization - migration , 7 April 2019 . 32
Agreement Concerning the Relationship ...
Стр.
... IOM ) , 1 . 69 Executive Committee of the High Commissioner's Programme ,
Human Resources , Including Staff Welfare , Standing Committee , 73rd meeting ,
5 September 2018 , EC / 69 / SC / CRP.14 , 3 . 70 IOM , International
Cooperation ...
Стр.
... IOM official 9 , 10 . 85 Interview , IOM official 9. On humanitarian border
management , see Philippe Frowd , “ Developmental Borderwork and the
International Organization for Migration , " Journal of Ethnic and Migration
Studies 44 ...
Стр.
... IOM's humanitarian identity , examining conceptions of IOM's humanitarian
and protection commitments inside and outside the organization , and internal
policy processes that have sought to inform IOM's humanitarian engagements .
In ...
Стр.
... migration in emergencies and their aftermath now comprises the majority of
the agency's budget , staff , and field presence . Exploring IOM's evolution and
struggles for legitimacy and influence in the humanitarian sector is not to ...
Стр.
... IOM's member states were initially skeptical of the organization's ambitions
in emergency response and humanitarian operations . For instance , an important
strategic plan presented to IOM member states in 1995 included the objective
that ...
Стр.
... organization to particular kinds of work , or to supporting a narrowly
defined population . Complementing the flexibility allowed by its Constitution ,
IOM has strategically cultivated a reputation as a practical , “ can - do ”
organization ...
Стр.
... IOM to " concern itself with the organized transfer of refugees , displaced
persons and other individuals in need of international migration services . " 16
Over the last decade , IOM has facilitated the resettlement of more than
1.19 ...
Стр.
... IOM Constitution charges the agency to facilitate " the organized transfer
of refugees , displaced persons and other individuals in need of migration
services , " IOM has strategically interpreted this as a mandate for a much
broader ...
Стр.
... IOM position itself to take on a larger role vis - à - vis IDPs , in
practice its expanded engagement with IDPs ... international organization with
clear responsibility for IDPs . The cluster system identified key areas of
response ...
Стр.
... migration governance is epitomized by the fact that the very first of 23
commonly agreed upon " Objectives for Safe , Orderly and Regular Migration " in
the 2018 Global Compact for Migration is to " Collect and utilize accurate
and ...
Стр.
... Global Compact on Migration . Alongside its attempts to stake out broad
territory as a representative for migrants writ large , IOM has drawn on
expertise cultivated through its extensive involvement in field operations ,
research , and ...
Стр.
... IOM's deferential stance towards its member states has further prompted some
to question the veracity of its claimed humanitarian identity and protection
commitments . Senior IOM staff characterize the agency as a " discrete
organization ...
Стр.
... IOM has become a member of the international humanitarian system , has
developed new policies and frameworks on its humanitarian and protection
commitments , and is promoting protection mainstreaming , many within and
outside the ...
Стр.
... organization's commitments , principles , and approaches.90 Many of the
resulting policies and frameworks pertain especially to IOM's work with forced
migrants during and after emergencies . Several different kinds of policies
and ...
Стр.
... agency's reputational problems . At the same time , some staff members were
concerned on principled grounds to see IOM better serve its " beneficiaries "
and mature as an organization by more clearly adopting and adhering to ...
Стр.
... migration. and. humanitarian. emergencies. IOM has evolved significantly as
an organization , particularly over the last two decades . These changes have
been significantly driven by IOM's humanitarian entrepreneurialism , combined
with ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration in Indonesia , " International
Journal of Human Rights 22 , no . 5 ( 2018 ) : 681-708 . 5 António Vitorino , "
Message of Director General António Vitorino to IOM Staff , " 1 October 2018 ,
www.iom.
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , 137 . 26 Khalid Koser , “
Protecting Non - Citizens in Situations of Conflict , Violence and Disasters , "
in Humanitarian Crises and Migration , eds . Susan Forbes Martin , Sanjula ...
Стр.
... International Organizations in Global Politics ( Ithaca : Cornell University
Press , 2004 ) , 5 . 64 Michael Barnett and Thomas Weiss , “ Humanitarianism : A
Brief History of the Present , " in Humanitarianism in Question : Politics ...
Стр.
... IOM officials 1 , 3 . 84 For an analysis of IOM's institutional discourses
as they relate to migration management more generally , see Antoine Pé coud ,
Depoliticizing Migration : Global Governance and International Migration
Narratives ...
Стр.
... migration policy and governance as an avenue to help overcome its
international isolation , cooperating with the EU and particularly Italy to
control irregular migration , and encouraging migration from other African
countries ...
Стр.
... IOM - EU Strategic Cooperation Framework , and is linked to IOM's role as a
key player in the implementation of migration governance - related agreements
such as the 2015 Valletta Action Plan and the 2016 EU Migration Partnership ...
Стр.
... IOM's VHR programs in Libya subvert the headquarters - level divide between
the DMM , which is usually responsible for AVR , and DOE , which leads IOM's
humanitarian activities , and epitomize the entanglement of migration
management ...
Стр.
... IOM has taken on a more ambitious but deeply fractured role . Attempting to
play both sides of the system , IOM is embedded in restrictive EU and Libyan
migration policies , at the same time as it has spoken up against these
policies ...
Стр.
... IOM , and risks undermining its own contributions . IOM's thirst to secure
funding and continually expand additionally meant that it took on incredibly
diverse work largely unrelated to migration , such as constructing prisons in
Haiti ...
Стр.
... IOM is an evolving organization ; experiences in Haiti and Libya both
exemplify and have influenced important organizational developments , from the
uses of the DTM to the creation of the policies and frameworks such as the
Migration ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , 140 . 7 On these activities , see
e.g. , Kevin Walby and Jeffrey Monaghan , “ Haitian Paradox ' or Dark Side of
the Security - Development Nexus ? Canada's Role in the Securitization of
Haiti ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , " Interventions 8 , no . 2 ( 2010
) : 158-164 . 25 Mark Schuller , “ Kabrit ki gen twop mèt : Understanding Gaps
in WASH Services in Haiti's IDP Camps , " Disasters 38 , no . 1 ( 2014 ) :
1-24 ...
Стр.
... IOM , 2012 ) . 41 See e.g. Amy Rhoades and Leonard Doyle , “ Rebuilding
Lives and Livelihoods : Haiti's Long Road to Recovery through Skills Development
and Training for Internally Displaced Persons , ” Migration Policy Practice 3 ,
no ...
Стр.
... International Migration 48 , no . 1 ( 2010 ) : 150 ; Rutvica Andrijasevic ,
" Lampedusa in Focus : Migrants Caught ... organizations , see Megan Bradley ,
Ibrahim Fraihat and Houda Mzioudet , Libya's Displacement Crisis : Uprooted ...
Стр.
... IOM Pledge Increased Support for Libya , 2017 ,
www.unhcr.org/news/press/2017/5/592d98ce4/unhcr-iom-pledge-increased-support-libya.html
? query = IOM % 20Libya . 66 Brachet , " Policing the Desert , " 282 . 67 OHCHR
and UNSMIL ...
Стр.
Challenges, Commitments, Complexities Megan Bradley. 4 THE UN MIGRATION AGENCY ?
IOM - UN RELATIONS • IOM - UN relations before 2016 : ambiguity and
rapprochement • IOM - UN connections in the twentieth century • Post - 9 /
11 ...
Стр.
... international action and solidarity to prevent , remedy or merely cope with
the many and ubiquitous refugee and migration issues confronting the
international community . ” 15 The 1992 resolution establishing IOM as an
observer is ...
Стр.
... migration . Given current complexities and ambiguities in the migration
field , this requires IOM Member States ... International Organization for
Migration . 23 The agreement declares that " The United Nations and the ...
Стр.
... IOM's flexibility and independence . 42 Member states stressed that IOM "
should remain the central body providing policy advice and services to the
international community on migration " a win for the agency in its efforts to
safeguard ...
Стр.
... global refugee and migration “ crisis ” was unfolding , uprooting millions
within their own countries and across borders . This brought new urgency to the
question of ensuring a reliable , robust , and effective international
response ...
Стр.
... IOM had relatively few members , but by 2016 almost all UN members were also
part of IOM.82 Over many years IOM ... migration mandate , avoid overlap ,
enhance coordination , ensure migration issues are consistently integrated
into ...
Стр.
... IOM was already highly integrated in the UN system . However , the agreement
is highly significant for IOM , as it gives the agency the recognition it has
long craved , secures its place as the primary IO in the migration field ,
and ...
Стр.
... IOM , as recast by the 2016 ... organization to grow ; officials in the
Department of Operations and Emergencies , for example , suggest that IOM's
humanitarian work has been hampered by its involvement in controversial
migration ...
Стр.
Challenges, Commitments, Complexities Megan Bradley. Organization for Migration
, 7 April 2019 , www.kaldorcentre.unsw.edu.au/publication/brief-and- somewhat -
sceptical - perspective - international - organization - migration ; Elspeth ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , 7 April 2019 ,
www.kaldorcentre.unsw.edu.au/publication/brief-and-somewhat- sceptical -
perspective - international - organization - migration . 58 Antoine Pécoud , "
What Do We Know About the ...
Стр.
... Global Migration Governance : Beyond Coordination and Crises , " in The
Global Community : Yearbook of International Law and Jurisprudence , ed .
Giuliana Ziccardi Capaldo ( Oxford : Oxford University Press , 2018 ) , 175-193
. 78 ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration , Article 1 . 95 Micinski and Weiss
, “ Missed Opportunity , " 2 . 96 Agreement Concerning the Relationship between
the United Nations and the International Organization for Migration ,
Article ...
Стр.
... IOM's mandate and its place in the international system , others may be
reconciled or reduced . For example , a major future challenge for IOM will be
to resolve some of the inconsistences associated with its decentralization .
As ...
Стр.
... migrants are IOM's primary and natural focus . As this analysis has
emphasized , IOM has a remarkably broad mandate , including international and
internal migration undertaken for complex , intertwined reasons . Instead of
myopically ...
Стр.
... IOM reflects implicit ideas about what an international organization
concerned with migration should be doing - legally , ethically , and politically
. Drawing out and explicitly contending with normative questions raised by the
study of ...
Стр.
... migrants . However , constitutional changes should be considered in order to
clarify IOM's protection commitments . Some have suggested that a more fully -
fledged protection role for IOM would necessitate the organization taking on ...
Стр.
... organization's principled commitments . More systematic , high - level ,
publicly available analyses and evaluations of IOM's programs and ... IOM in
their recommendations . Amnesty International devoted even less attention to
IOM.
Стр.
... IOM : in the same period , IOM is mentioned in 13.3 percent of Amnesty
reports on migration and displacement and its role is analyzed in 10.1 percent
of these reports . Only 2.2 percent of Amnesty reports on migration and
displacement ...
Стр.
... International Migration : Evolving Trends from the Early Twentieth Century
to the Present ( Cambridge : Cambridge University Press , 2014 ) , 145 . 3
Nicholas Micinski and Thomas Weiss , “ International Organization for Migration
and ...
Стр.
... International Organization for Migration and the International Government of
Borders , ” Environment and Planning D : Society and Space 28 , no . 6 ( 2010 )
: 977-999 . Ashutosh , Ishan and Allison Mountz , “ Migration Management for ...
Стр.
... migrant workers international human rights law 23 , 24 , 43n31 International
Labor Organization ( ILO ) 63 , 101 , 106 , 119 , 133 ; see also migrant workers
International Organization for Migration ( IOM ) : and accountability 12 ,
24 ...
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THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR MIGRATION: CHALLENGES, COMMITMENTS ...

Авторы: Megan Bradley
 

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